静态路由综合实验
一、实验拓扑
二、实验需求
1、R6为ISP，接口IP地址均为公有地址，该设备只能配置IP地址，之后不能再对其进行任何配置；
2、R1-R5为局域网，私有IP地址192.168.1.0/24，请合理分配；
3、R1、R2、R4，各有两个环回IP地址；R5，R6各有一个环回地址；所有路由器上环回均代表连接用户的接口；
4、R3下面的两台PC通过DHCP自动获取IP地址；
5、选路最佳，路由表尽量小，避免环路；
6、R1-R5均可以访问R6的环回;
7、在R1上配置telnet服务，使R6能通过R5的公有地址telnet到R1上；
8、R4与R5正常通过1000M链路，故障时通过100M链路；
三、实验步骤
1.先分别将路由器的ip地址和环回都添加上去
R1:
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 30
[R1]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.5 30
[R1]int LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.33 28
[R1]int LoopBack 1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.49 28
[R1]dis ip int brief 
R2:
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 30
[R2]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.9 30
[R2]int LoopBack 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.65 28
[R2]int LoopBack 1
[R2-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.81 28
[R2]dis ip int brief 
R3:
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.6 30
[R3]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.13 30
[R3]int g0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.97 27
4、R3下面的两台PC通过DHCP自动获取IP地址；
在R3上：配置DHCP服务，创建地址池
[R3]dhcp enable #开启DHCP服务
[R3]ip pool aa #配置地址池名字
[R3-ip-pool-aa]network 192.168.1.96 mask 27 #配置地址池中的地址
[R3-ip-pool-aa]gateway-list 192.168.1.97 #配置网关
[R3-ip-pool-aa]dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8 #配置DNS地址
在R3上接口下，全局应用：
[R3]int g0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global
PC1：
PC2：
R4:
[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.10 30
[R4]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.14 30
[R4]int g0/0/2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.17 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g4/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.21 30
[R4]int LoopBack 0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.129 28
[R4]int LoopBack 1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.145 28
R5:
[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.18 30
[R5]int g0/0/2
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.22 30
[R5]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 12.0.0.1 24
[R5]int LoopBack 0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.161 27
R6:
[R6]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.0.0.2 24
[R6]int LoopBack 0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 24
配置静态路由实现全网通：
R1:
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2 #缺省
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6
R2:
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10 #缺省
R3:
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14 #缺省
R4:
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.22
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18 #缺省
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22
R5:
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.0.0.2 #缺省
使用R1----ping----R5: (成功，静态路由配置成功)
5.避免环路，进行防环设计：
R1:
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0R2:
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0R4:
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0R5:
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 NULL 0R4与R5正常通过1000M链路，故障时通过100M链路
更改pre优先值：优先级大的后执行
我们查询到两个优先级都是60，我们可以调大100M的线路为80
R4:
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.22 preference 80R5:
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21 pre 80
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21 pre 80
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21 pre 80
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21 pre 80
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21 pre 80
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21 pre 80
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21 pre 80
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21 pre 80
tracert 192.168.1.160 #查询从本机到R5环回所要经过的路由器的IP地址，看是否走1000M路线 最后一跳是192.168.1.18走的是1000M的路线成功
接下来我们使用nat让公私网能够通：
私网 通过NAPT，使 R 接入到公网：
[R5]acl 2000
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R5-acl-basic-2000]q
[R5]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat outbound 2000
R1可以-----ping通----R6说明公私网通了
6.R1-R5均可以访问R6的环回;
R1----R6:
R5----R6:
7.在R1上配置telnet服务，使R6能通过R5的公有地址telnet到R1上；
在R1上配telnet服务：
[R1]aaa
[R1-aaa]local-user ck privilege level 15 password cipher 123
[R1-aaa]local-user ck service-type telnet
[R1-aaa]q
[R1]user-interface vty 0 4
[R1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa在R5的公网接口上配置NAT SERVER，映射端口23
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 inside 192.168.1.5 23
