1.__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)
创建对象时调用,返回当前对象的一个实例;注意:这里的第一个参数是cls即class本身
2.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
创建完对象后调用,对当前对象的实例的一些初始化,无返回值,即在调用__new__之后,根据返回的实例初始化;注意,这里的第一个参数是self即对象本身【注意和new的区别】
3.__call__(self, *args, **kwargs)
如果类实现了这个方法,相当于把这个类型的对象当作函数来使用,相当于 重载了括号运算符
#__conding:utf-8__ class Person: def __init__(self, name): self.name = name def sayHi(self): print("Hello my name is:%s" %self.name) p = Person("wuyanlong") p.sayHi() class P(object): def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): print "init" super(P,self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs): print "new", cls return super(P, cls).__new__(cls ,*args, **kwargs) def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs): print "call" pp = P() print "__________" pp()
运行结果:
***:~/Python爬虫/class$ python calss1.py Hello my name is:wuyanlong new <class '__main__.P'> init __________ call
4. __getattr__:
从对象中读取某个属性时,首先需要从self.__dicts__中搜索该属性,再从__getattr__中查找。
class A(object): def __init__(self): self.name = 'from __dicts__: zdy' def __getattr__(self, item): if item == 'name': return 'from __getattr__: zdy' elif item == 'age': return 26 a = A() print a.name # 从__dict__里获得的 print a.age # 从__getattr__获得的
5. __setattr__
class A(object): def __setattr__(self, *args, **kwargs): print 'call func set attr' return object.__setattr__(self, *args, **kwargs)
6. __delattr__
函数式用来删除对象的属性:
class A(object): def __delattr__(self, *args, **kwargs): print 'call func del attr' return object.__delattr__(self, *args, **kwargs)