Linux命令日日说（二十二）-- nl

nl

语法

nl [options] files

为文件里每一行加上行号。

---

参数

• -b | --body-numbering=STYLE 设定内容的编号方式，默认方式为t(只有非空白行才有编号)。

• -d | --section-delimiter=CC 设定逻辑分隔符CC

• -f | --footer-number=SYTLE 设定页脚的编号方式，默认方式为n

• -h | --header-number=STYLE 设定页眉的编号方式，默认方式n

• -i | --line-increment=NUM 设定每行行号增量值。

• -l | --join-blank-lines=NUM 将指定的一组空行数标记为一行。当STYLE为a时有效。

• -n | --number-format=FORMAT 按照FORMAT格式插入行号。

• -p | --no-renumber 不重置每个部分的行号。

• -s | --number-separator=STRING 在行号后添加STRING内容

• -v | --starting-line-number=NUMBER 首行起始编号。

• -w | --number-width=NUMBER 设定行号的左缩进宽度。

• --help 显示帮助信息。

• --version 显示版本。

STYLE可以定义为：

• a 全部编号，包括空白行。

• t 只编号非空白行。

• n 完全不编号。

• pREGEXP 只有匹配正则表达式的行才编号。

---

Example

• nl LICENSE-2.0.txt

  一般表示行号，不包含空行。

  root@3b4e07cd9fdd:/# nl LICENSE-2.0.txt
  
   1                                   Apache License
   2                             Version 2.0, January 2004
   3                          http://www.apache.org/licenses/
  
   4     TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
  
   5     1. Definitions.
  
   6        "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
   7        and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
  
   8        "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
   9        the copyright owner that is granting the License.
  
  10        "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
  11        other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
  12        control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
  13        "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
  14        direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
  15        otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
  16        outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
  
  17        "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
  18        exercising permissions granted by this License.
  
  19        "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
  20        including but not limited to software source code, documentation
  21        source, and configuration files.
  
  22        "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical
  23        transformation or translation of a Source form, including but
  24        not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
  25        and conversions to other media types.
  
  26        "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
  27        Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a
  28        copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work
  29        (an example is provided in the Appendix below).
  
  30        "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object
  31        form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
  32        editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications
  33        represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes
  34        of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain
  35        separable from, or merely link (or bind by name) to the interfaces of,
  36        the Work and Derivative Works thereof.
  
  37        "Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including
  38        the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions
  39        to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally
  40        submitted to Licensor for inclusion in the Work by the copyright owner
  41        or by an individual or Legal Entity authorized to submit on behalf of
  42        the copyright owner. For the purposes of this definition, "submitted"
  43        means any form of electronic, verbal, or written communication sent
  44        to the Licensor or its representatives, including but not limited to
  45        communication on electronic mailing lists, source code control systems,
  46        and issue tracking systems that are managed by, or on behalf of, the
  47        Licensor for the purpose of discussing and improving the Work, but
  48        excluding communication that is conspicuously marked or otherwise
  49        designated in writing by the copyright owner as "Not a Contribution."
  
  ...
  
  140     9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing
  141        the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer,
  142        and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity,
  143        or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this
  144        License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only
  145        on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf
  146        of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
  147        defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
  148        incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason
  149        of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
  
  150     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
  
  151     APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work.
  
  152        To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
  153        boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]"
  154        replaced with your own identifying information. (Don't include
  155        the brackets!)  The text should be enclosed in the appropriate
  156        comment syntax for the file format. We also recommend that a
  157        file or class name and description of purpose be included on the
  158        same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier
  159        identification within third-party archives.
  
  160     Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
  
  161     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  162     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  163     You may obtain a copy of the License at
  
  164         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  
  165     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  166     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  167     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  168     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  169     limitations under the License.
  

• nl -i 2 LICENSE-2.0.txt

  行号递增数为2.

  root@3b4e07cd9fdd:/# nl -i 2 LICENSE-2.0.txt
  
   1                                   Apache License
   3                             Version 2.0, January 2004
   5                          http://www.apache.org/licenses/
  
   7     TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
  
   9     1. Definitions.
  
  11        "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
  13        and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
  
  15        "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
  17        the copyright owner that is granting the License.
  ...
  
  

• nl -b a test.txt

  标记所有行，包含空行。

  root@3b4e07cd9fdd:/# nl -b a test.txt
   1  line1
   2  line2
   3
   4
   5
   6
   7  line3
   8  line4
  

• nl -b a -l 4 test.txt

  将4行空行为一组标示为一行。

  root@3b4e07cd9fdd:/# nl -b a -l 4 test.txt
   1  line1
   2  line2
  
  
  
   3
   4  line3
   5  line4
  

• nl -s ". " test.txt

  在行号后面添加.

  root@3b4e07cd9fdd:/# nl -s ". " test.txt
   1. line1
   2. line2
  
  
  
  
   3. line3
   4. line4
  

• nl -d "00" -b a test.txt

  分割内容标记。

  root@3b4e07cd9fdd:/# nl -d "00" -b a test.txt
   1  line1
   2  line2
   3
   4
  
  
     line3
     line4
  

• nl -v 3 test.txt

  设定起始标号。

  root@3b4e07cd9fdd:/# nl -v 3 test.txt
   3  line1
   4  line2
  
  
   5  00
  
   6  line3
   7  line4
  

• nl -w 20 test.txt

  设定标号的宽度。

  root@3b4e07cd9fdd:/# nl -w 20 test.txt
                 1    line1
                 2    line2
  
  
                 3    00
  
                 4    line3
                 5    line4