[读书笔记] 柯林斯雅思入门 第2单元

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Listening - Unit 2. Food and cooking^[1]

Lis. 2.1.^[2] 「分类记单词」是一种好方法吗？

今天我们需要记住的是 关于「食物」的词汇和语句 —— Language related to: food, cooking methods, numbers, weights, prepositions.

1. Types of food: meat (turkey, lamb 羊羔肉, beef, chicken, eggs); diary products 乳制品 (cheese, butter, yogurt); vegetables (potatoes, cabbage, carrot(s), cauliflower 花椰菜, beans 蚕豆, peas 豌豆, onion(s), green peppers 青椒); cereal (rice, bread 面包, flour 面粉), fruit (bananas, pineapple, cherries 樱桃, blackberries 黑莓, coffee); ingredient 佐料,调料 (sugar); desserts 点心; a meal.

词性变化 会引发 词义改变 吗？
Some nouns can be countable and uncountable. They often become uncountable when they are prepared for eating e.g.
There are ten chickens in the field. / Would you like some chicken?
I bought cauliflowers yesterday. / My son doesn‘t like cauliflower.

• Methods of cooking: roast 烤 in the oven; grill 烧烤 directly over the flame; fry 油炸 in hot oil; steam 蒸 over boiling water; bake 烘焙 in the dish 盘子; cut apples into slices; mix blackberries and apples together; rub 揉搓 flour and butter together.
• Weights of solids (固体的重量): gram(s) = g; kilogram(s) = kilo(s) = kg.
  Measures of liquids (液体的体积): millilitre(s) = ml; litre(s) = l.

在中国的农贸市场上，当你想买500克面粉时，你会说「我要1斤面粉」。如果你在日常生活中说出了「0.5千克」这种语句，你会傻得可爱！—— 虽然它们指称的重量都是一样的。当然，在考试中，你必须学会用不同语句表达同一个意思。
In some tasks in the IELTS exam, the information that you read in the question will be expressed in different words in the audio. So you will need to listen out for synonyms and paraphrasing[^fn2].
[^fn2]:Paraphrase = express the meaning of (something written or spoken) using different words, especially to achieve greater clarity. 释义; 改述

• Some equivalents (常见的等价表达式): 1/4 = a quarter; 1/2 = a half; 3/4 = three quarters; 1/3 = a third; 2/3 = two thirds; 1/8 = one eighth; 5/8 = five eighths; 7/8 = seven eighths; 250g = a quarter kilos = 1/4 kilos; 200ml = 1/5 litres.
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  **你吃得健康吗？ **Healthy eating/diat 健康饮食; eat properly 合理膳食; eat at a balanced diet 平衡饮食; food of deep fat 高脂肪食物; fast food 快餐; unhealthy snacks 不健康的零食; packet food 袋装食物; fresh options 选择新鲜食材.

Lis. 2.2. 叙述操作过程的流程图/步骤表

You may use a flow chart or a procedure table to describe a process.

面对一长串操作过程，当你收集需要的信息时，你应该提前做好什么准备？
Before you begin to hear an explanation of the process, make sure what kind of information you expect to hear, such as the date, time of day, instructions, weights, ingredients, etc. When you have to complete notes about the stages in a process, for example to complete a flow chart, it will help you to listen carefully for words that indicate the order of the different parts of the procedure, such as first, then, after and at the end.

Lis. 2.3. 什么样的 听力技巧 是值得掌握的？

再读一遍这些考试技巧 (exam tips)！直到「你习惯于运用这些技巧」为止。


Did you…

• practise listening to different accents?
• read through all the questions before you listened to the recording and think about words you expected to hear?
• think about words about different stages in a process (first, second, then, next...) when you have to complete a flow chart?
• make sure you used the correct number of words in your answers?

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1. 总结自 Collins Get Ready for IELTS Listening: Pre-Intermediate A2+ (2012): . ↩

2. 「Lis. 2.1.」是「 Collins Get Ready for IELTS Listening - Unit 2 - Note 1」的缩略形式，它的意思是「这是 柯林斯雅思入门 Listening 分册 中的 第2单元 的 第1篇笔记」。 ↩