Linux环境安装部署docker(超详细)

在线安装docker

可以参考菜鸟教程:https://www.runoob.com/docker/centos-docker-install.html

1. 安装插件

yum install -y yum-utils

2. 添加仓库地址:

yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

3. 安装指定版本的docker-ce和docker-ce-cli:

yum install docker-ce-20.10.24 docker-ce-cli-20.10.24 containerd.io

4. 启动docker,设为开机自启动:

systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker

离线文件安装:根据实际情况下载离线包

docker-Linux下载地址

搭建docker环境准备

在能连网的服务器上下载所需的镜像,例如

docker pull mysql:8		(拉取mysql:8镜像)
docker images			(查看镜像)
docker save -o mysql-8.tar mysql:8 		(将mysql:8镜像压缩成mysql-8.tar压缩包文件)

上传docker压缩包及镜像上传到需要部署的服务器上,然后进行解压,例如:

1. 解压docker软件压缩包

tar -zxvf docker-20.10.9.tgz 

2. 把docker文件里面的内容复制到bin目录下

cp docker/* /usr/bin			

3. 在/etc/systemd/system或者/usr/lib/systemd/system目录下创建文件 docker.socket和docker.service以及containerd.service

三个文件的内容放最后面,记得先把文件内容加上才能启动docker哦

touch docker.socke
touch docker.service
touch containerd.service

4. 重新加载配置文件

systemctl daemon-reload 

5. 创建组

groupadd docker

6. 启动docker

systemctl start docker

7. 查看dock是否启动成功:运行命令没报错就没问题了

docker ps 

8. 设置开机自启动

systemctl enable docker.service

9. 导入镜像

docker load -i mysql.tar

10. 查看镜像

docker images

11. 根据实际情况构建容器,例如:

docker run -itd --name mysql-test -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql:8

docker配置文件内容:

docker.socket

[Unit]
Description=Docker Socket for the API
PartOf=docker.service

[Socket]
ListenStream=/var/run/docker.sock
SocketMode=0660
SocketUser=root
SocketGroup=docker

[Install]
WantedBy=sockets.target

docker.service

[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=notify
# the default is not to use systemd for cgroups because the delegate issues still
# exists and systemd currently does not support the cgroup feature set required
# for containers run by docker
#ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
#ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker daemon --tlsverify --tlscacert=/root/openssl/ca.pem --tlscert=/root/openssl/server-cert.pem --tlskey=/root/openssl/server-key.pem --registry-mirror=http://3cda3ca9.m.daocloud.io -H tcp://0.0.0.0:2376

#ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker daemon --registry-mirror=http://3cda3ca9.m.daocloud.io -H fd:// -H tcp://0.0.0.0:2375
#ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --registry-mirror=http://3cda3ca9.m.daocloud.io
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --registry-mirror=http://3cda3ca9.m.daocloud.io -H unix:///var/run/docker.sock -H tcp://0.0.0.0:2375

ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
# Having non-zero Limit*s causes performance problems due to accounting overhead
# in the kernel. We recommend using cgroups to do container-local accounting.
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
# Uncomment TasksMax if your systemd version supports it.
# Only systemd 226 and above support this version.
#TasksMax=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
# set delegate yes so that systemd does not reset the cgroups of docker containers
Delegate=yes
# kill only the docker process, not all processes in the cgroup
KillMode=process

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

containerd.service

# Copyright The containerd Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

[Unit]
Description=containerd container runtime
Documentation=https://containerd.io
After=network.target local-fs.target

[Service]
ExecStartPre=-/sbin/modprobe overlay
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/containerd

Type=notify
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=always
RestartSec=5
# Having non-zero Limit*s causes performance problems due to accounting overhead
# in the kernel. We recommend using cgroups to do container-local accounting.
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
LimitNOFILE=infinity
# Comment TasksMax if your systemd version does not supports it.
# Only systemd 226 and above support this version.
TasksMax=infinity
OOMScoreAdjust=-999

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target