赖世雄美语从头学初级篇（上）Lesson 029 Poor Dick 可怜的迪克

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I. Reading 阅读

There are holes in Dick's shoes. He needs new shoes. Dick doesn't want cheap shoes. He wants expensive shoes, but he doesn't have any money. He needs a job. He is looking for one, but he isn't having any luck. No one wants to give him a job, because his shoes have holes in them. Poor, Dick!

迪克的鞋子有破洞。他需要新鞋子。迪克不想要便宜的鞋子。他想要贵的鞋子，但他没钱。他需要一份工作。他正在找工作，但他的运气不好。因为他的鞋子有破洞，所以没有人给他工作。可怜的迪克!

II. Vocabulary&Idioms 单词短语注解

1. hole [hol] n.破洞；小洞
2. shoe [ʃu] n.鞋子
   a pair of shoes 鞋
   例: I want to buy a pair of black leather shoes.
   (我想买一双黑皮鞋。)
3. need [nid] vt.需要
   例: Do you need any help?
   (你需要任何帮助吗?)
4. want [wɔ:nt; wɔnt] vt. 想要
   例: I want to study abroad.
   (我想去国外念书。)
5. cheap [tʃip] a.便宜的，廉价的
   例: Most vegetables are cheap in the summer.
   (大部分的蔬菜在夏天都很便宜。)
6. expensive [ɪk'spɛnsɪv] a.昂贵的
   例: This diamond ring is very expensive.
   (这只钻石戒指非常昂贵。)
7. any ['ɛni] a.任何的
8. money ['mʌni] n.钱
9. job [dʒab] n. 工作
   例: Do you have a full-time job?
   (你有全职的工作吗?)
10. look [luk] vi.寻找(与介词for并用)
    look for... 寻找·····
    例: What is she looking for?
    (她在寻找什么?)
11. Iuck [lʌk] n. 幸运
12. poor [pʊər; pʊr] a.可怜的
    例: Poor Billy has a terrible cold.
    (可怜的比利感冒得很严重。)

III. Grammar Points 语法重点

本课介绍no与not的区别、代词one的用法，并复习连词but及because的用法。

1. He wants expensive shoes, but he doesn't have any money.
   = He wants expensive shoes, but he **has no **money.
   (他想要贵的鞋子，但他没钱。)
   no与not对初学英文的读者来说，有时是个头痛的问题。请先看下例
   I have not money. ( X )
   →I have no money. ( O )
   (我没有钱。)
   其实no与not很容易分辨
   a. no是形容词，表示“没有一个”，而not则是副词，表示“不”的意思。
   b. no就等于not any(没有任何一个)。换言之，no之后可直接置名词，而not则须先接形容词any，才可接名词。
   例: I have not any money.（可）
   =I have no money.（佳，no比not any更简洁）
   （我没有钱。）
   上列第一句中，not亦可置于动词have之前，形成否定句。但not不能直接修饰动词，须于其前按主语人称分置助动词do或does，再将动词改为原形。
   例: he not has any money.（ X ）
   →He does not have any money. ( O )
   =He doesn't have any money.
   =He has no money.
   (他没有钱。)
2. He wants expensive shoes, but he doesn't have any money.
   (他想要贵的鞋子，但他没钱。)
   He is looking for one, but he isn't having any luck.
   (他正在找工作，但他的运气不好。)
   以上两句中的but是并列连词。这种连词连接两个主句。就写作习惯而言，but之前应置逗号。不过，现在的英美文章中，亦常见将but之前的逗号省略。
3. He needs a job. He is looking for one, but he isn't having any luck.
   (他需要一份工作。他正在找工作，但他的运气不好。)
   a. 上列第二句中的one是代词，代替前面的名词a job。原句实为：
   He needs a job. He is looking for a job,but...
   但a job重覆了一次，就修辞而言应予避免，故用one代替。这个one专用来代替其前提过之单数可数名词。
   例: I need a good English dictionary, but I can't afford a good English dictionary now. ( 劣 )
   → I need a good English dictionary, but I can't afford one now. ( 佳 )
   (我需要一本好的英文字典，但我现在买不起。)
   b. one亦可与形容词并用。
   例: I don't like this red pen. Give me a yellow pen. （ 劣 ）
   =l don't like this red pen. Give me a yellow one. ( 佳 )
   (我不喜欢这枝红色的笔。给我一枝黄色的笔。)
4. No one wants to give him a job because his shoes have holes in them.
   (因为他的鞋子有破洞，所以没有人给他工作。)
   本句中的because是从属连词，引导状语从句，修饰主句。because引导的从句t置于主句前后。就写作习惯而言，置于主句之前时，主句与从句之间应置逗号；若置于主句之后时，则主句与从句之间不置逗号。
   例: Because he is knowledgeable, he has my respect.
   =He has my respect because he is knowledgeable.
   (因为他有学问，所以我尊敬他。)
   其他从属连词如although(=though，虽然)、when(当)、if(如果)等用法皆同。
   例: Although he is rich, I don't envy him.
   =I don't envy him although he is rich.
   (虽然他有钱，可我不嫉妒他。)
   If I have time, I will do it.
   =I will do it if I have time.
   (我若有时间,就会做这件事。)

IV. Substitution 替换

1. He wants expensive shoes, but he doesn't have any money.
   The food is good, but I have no appetite.
   The bike is great, but it's too expensive.
   (他想要贵的鞋子，但他没钱。)
   (这菜不错，但我没胃口。)
   (这辆自行车很棒，但它太贵了。)
2. No one wants to give him a job because his shoes have holes in them.
   No one likes him because he is lazy.
   He has no friends because he is selfish.
   (因为他的鞋子有破洞，所以没有人给他工作。)
   (因为他懒，所以没人喜欢他。)
   (因为他自私，所以他没朋友。)

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