每日一词 109 | dictate

1. 认识这个词(基础篇)

词:dictate

英英释义:to influence something or make it necessary

例句: Why does society try to dictate how people should die?

2. 体会这个词 (进阶篇)

“dictate”作为动词可以表示“听写”,我们常说的“听写法”就是它的名词形式“dictation”。不过今天我们学习的是它的另外一个意思,dictate 作为动词还可以表示“决定” “支配” “控制”,在一些语境下我们可以用它替换 decide, control, influence 等词。 stipulate ,vt. (尤指在协议或建议中)规定, 约定, 讲明(条件等)

比如你想毕业后就周游世界,不过因为现实条件不允许,你不得不先工作几年。这时候就可以说:

As much as I want to travel around the world after graduation, my financial situation dictates that I have a job first.

我们常说“走社会主义政治发展道路,是由中国国情和历史条件决定的”,用英文就可以说成:

The reality dictates which route China should take.

当我们想表示受某种条件约束,有些事不得不做的时候就可以用 dictate。比如我们常说“养儿防老”,受这种文化印象,许多老人会认为儿子才是要肩负起自己养老生活的人。这时我们就可以说:

Chinese tradition dictates that sons are responsible for providing support and security for their aging parents.

《经济学人》在一篇讨论安乐死的文章中就用到了 dictate:

In a liberal democracy we don't try and dictate how people should live so why does society try to dictate how people should die?

3. 从认识到会用(作业)

1)翻译下面的句子:

社会礼节规定了我们在公众场合应该如何行事 The social code dictates how we should act in public.

(参考翻译:The social code/etiquette dictates how we should behave in public. )

2)造句:The amount of idle money dictate where we can go this holiday.

 

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