通用的 .gitignore 文件

1、 github官方通用文件：

https://github.com/github/gitignore

2、比较全的通用文件

## .gitignore for Grails 1.2 and 1.3

# .gitignore for maven

target/

*.releaseBackup

# web application files

#/web-app/WEB-INF

# IDE support files

/.classpath

/.launch

/.project

/.settings

/*.launch

/*.tmproj

/ivy*

/eclipse

# default HSQL database files for production mode

/prodDb.*

# general HSQL database files

*Db.properties

*Db.script

# logs

/stacktrace.log

/test/reports

/logs

*.log

*.log.*

# project release file

/*.war

# plugin release file

/*.zip

/*.zip.sha1

# older plugin install locations

/plugins

/web-app/plugins

/web-app/WEB-INF/classes

# "temporary" build files

target/

out/

build/

# other

*.iws

#.gitignore for java

*.class

# Package Files #

*.jar

*.war

*.ear

## .gitignore for eclipse

*.pydevproject

.project

.metadata

bin/**

tmp/**

tmp/**/*

*.tmp

*.bak

*.swp

*~.nib

local.properties

.classpath

.settings/

.loadpath

# External tool builders

.externalToolBuilders/

# Locally stored "Eclipse launch configurations"

*.launch

# CDT-specific

.cproject

# PDT-specific

.buildpath

## .gitignore for intellij

*.iml

*.ipr

*.iws

.idea/

## .gitignore for linux

.*

!.gitignore

*~

## .gitignore for windows

# Windows image file caches

Thumbs.db

ehthumbs.db

# Folder config file

Desktop.ini

# Recycle Bin used on file shares

$RECYCLE.BIN/

## .gitignore for mac os x

.DS_Store

.AppleDouble

.LSOverride

Icon

# Thumbnails

._*

# Files that might appear on external disk

.Spotlight-V100

.Trashes

## hack for graddle wrapper

!wrapper/*.jar

!**/wrapper/*.jar

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3、.gitignore文件忽略的匹配规则：

*.a      # 忽略所有 .a 结尾的文件

!lib.a    # 但 lib.a 除外

/TODO    # 仅仅忽略项目根目录下的 TODO 文件，不包括 subdir/TODO

build/    # 忽略 build/ 目录下的所有文件

doc/*.txt # 会忽略 doc/notes.txt 但不包括 doc/server/arch.txt

https://www.javastack.cn/article/2018/git-common-gitignore-file/