根据三维点坐标使用matplotlib绘制路径轨迹

需求：有一些点的三维坐标（x，y，z），需要绘制阿基米德螺旋线轨迹图。

points.txt

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0.519851, -0.178621, 0.324426
0.519112, -0.178885, 0.325112
0.51835, -0.179177, 0.325761
0.517566, -0.179496, 0.326371
0.516763, -0.179842, 0.326941
0.515942, -0.180213, 0.327469
0.515106, -0.180609, 0.327953
0.514256, -0.181029, 0.328393
0.513395, -0.181471, 0.328787
0.512525, -0.181935, 0.329135
0.511648, -0.18242, 0.329434
0.510766, -0.182924, 0.329686
0.509882, -0.183446, 0.329888
0.508997, -0.183985, 0.330041
0.508114, -0.18454, 0.330144
0.507235, -0.185108, 0.330197
0.506363, -0.185689, 0.330199
0.505498, -0.186281, 0.330151
0.504645, -0.186883, 0.330052
0.503804, -0.187493, 0.329903
0.502978, -0.18811, 0.329704
0.502169, -0.188733, 0.329455
0.501379, -0.189358, 0.329158
0.50061, -0.189986, 0.328813
0.499864, -0.190615, 0.32842
0.499142, -0.191242, 0.327981
0.498448, -0.191866, 0.327497
0.497781, -0.192487, 0.326968
0.497145, -0.193101, 0.326397
0.49654, -0.193709, 0.325784
0.495969, -0.194307, 0.325132
0.495432, -0.194896, 0.324441
0.494931, -0.195472, 0.323713
0.494468, -0.196035, 0.322951
0.494043, -0.196584, 0.322155
0.493657, -0.197116, 0.321329
0.493313, -0.197631, 0.320473
0.493009, -0.198127, 0.319591
0.492748, -0.198604, 0.318684
0.49253, -0.199059, 0.317755
0.492355, -0.199492, 0.316805
0.492225, -0.199901, 0.315838
0.492139, -0.200286, 0.314856
0.492097, -0.200646, 0.31386
0.4921, -0.200979, 0.312855
0.492148, -0.201285, 0.311841
0.492241, -0.201563, 0.310822
0.492378, -0.201812, 0.3098
0.492559, -0.202032, 0.308778
0.492784, -0.202222, 0.307758
0.493052, -0.202381, 0.306743
0.493363, -0.20251, 0.305735
0.493716, -0.202607, 0.304738
0.494109, -0.202673, 0.303752
0.494543, -0.202708, 0.302782
0.495016, -0.20271, 0.301829
0.495526, -0.202681, 0.300895
0.496073, -0.20262, 0.299984
0.496656, -0.202528, 0.299097
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0.49792, -0.202248, 0.297405
0.4986, -0.202063, 0.296604
0.499308, -0.201846, 0.295837
0.500043, -0.2016, 0.295104
0.500804, -0.201325, 0.294407
0.501589, -0.201022, 0.293749
0.502395, -0.20069, 0.293132
0.50322, -0.200332, 0.292556
0.504064, -0.199947, 0.292023
0.504922, -0.199537, 0.291535
0.505794, -0.199103, 0.291092
0.506678, -0.198646, 0.290697
0.50757, -0.198167, 0.290349
0.508469, -0.197668, 0.290051
0.509372, -0.197148, 0.289802
0.510278, -0.196611, 0.289603
0.511184, -0.196056, 0.289455
0.512087, -0.195486, 0.289359
0.512986, -0.194902, 0.289314
0.513878, -0.194305, 0.289321
0.514761, -0.193696, 0.289379
0.515633, -0.193079, 0.289489
0.516492, -0.192452, 0.28965
0.517335, -0.19182, 0.289863
0.51816, -0.191182, 0.290126
0.518965, -0.190541, 0.290438
0.519748, -0.189898, 0.2908
0.520508, -0.189255, 0.291211
0.521242, -0.188613, 0.291668
0.521948, -0.187974, 0.292172
0.522626, -0.18734, 0.29272
0.523272, -0.186712, 0.293313
0.523885, -0.186091, 0.293947
0.524464, -0.18548, 0.294622
0.525007, -0.18488, 0.295336
0.525513, -0.184292, 0.296087
0.525981, -0.183718, 0.296874
0.526409, -0.18316, 0.297694
0.526797, -0.182618, 0.298545
0.527142, -0.182094, 0.299425
0.527446, -0.181589, 0.300333
0.527705, -0.181105, 0.301265
0.527921, -0.180643, 0.30222
0.528092, -0.180204, 0.303195
0.528218, -0.179789, 0.304188
0.528298, -0.179399, 0.305196
0.528333, -0.179036, 0.306217
0.528322, -0.1787, 0.307248
0.528265, -0.178391, 0.308287
0.528162, -0.178112, 0.309331
0.528014, -0.177862, 0.310377
0.527821, -0.177642, 0.311423
0.527583, -0.177453, 0.312466
0.527301, -0.177295, 0.313504
0.526975, -0.177169, 0.314534
0.526607, -0.177075, 0.315553
0.526197, -0.177013, 0.316559
0.525746, -0.176983, 0.317549
0.525256, -0.176986, 0.318522
0.524727, -0.177021, 0.319473
0.524161, -0.177089, 0.320402
0.523559, -0.17719, 0.321305
0.522922, -0.177322, 0.322181
0.522253, -0.177486, 0.323027
0.521553, -0.177682, 0.32384
0.520823, -0.177908, 0.32462
0.520066, -0.178165, 0.325364
0.519283, -0.178452, 0.32607
0.518476, -0.178768, 0.326736
0.517648, -0.179112, 0.327361
0.516799, -0.179483, 0.327943
0.515933, -0.179881, 0.328481
0.515052, -0.180305, 0.328973
0.514157, -0.180753, 0.329417
0.513252, -0.181225, 0.329813
0.512337, -0.181719, 0.330161
0.511416, -0.182234, 0.330457
0.510491, -0.182768, 0.330703
0.509564, -0.183322, 0.330898
0.508638, -0.183892, 0.33104
0.507714, -0.184478, 0.33113
0.506795, -0.185078, 0.331167
0.505884, -0.185691, 0.331151
0.504982, -0.186315, 0.331082
0.504092, -0.186949, 0.33096
0.503216, -0.187591, 0.330786
0.502357, -0.188239, 0.33056
0.501516, -0.188893, 0.330282
0.500695, -0.189549, 0.329953
0.499898, -0.190207, 0.329575
0.499125, -0.190865, 0.329146
0.498378, -0.191521, 0.32867
0.497661, -0.192174, 0.328147
0.496973, -0.192822, 0.327578
0.496318, -0.193464, 0.326964
0.495696, -0.194097, 0.326308
0.49511, -0.19472, 0.32561
0.494561, -0.195332, 0.324873
0.494049, -0.195931, 0.324098
0.493578, -0.196516, 0.323288
0.493147, -0.197085, 0.322443
0.492757, -0.197637, 0.321567
0.492411, -0.198169, 0.320661
0.492109, -0.198682, 0.319728
0.491851, -0.199173, 0.31877
0.491638, -0.199642, 0.317789
0.491471, -0.200087, 0.316788
0.49135, -0.200507, 0.31577
0.491276, -0.200901, 0.314736
0.491248, -0.201269, 0.313689
0.491267, -0.201608, 0.312633
0.491334, -0.201918, 0.311569
0.491447, -0.202199, 0.310501
0.491606, -0.20245, 0.309431
0.491812, -0.202669, 0.308361
0.492063, -0.202857, 0.307294
0.492359, -0.203013, 0.306234
0.4927, -0.203137, 0.305182
0.493084, -0.203227, 0.304142
0.49351, -0.203285, 0.303115
0.493979, -0.20331, 0.302105
0.494487, -0.203301, 0.301114
0.495035, -0.203259, 0.300144
0.495621, -0.203184, 0.299199
0.496243, -0.203076, 0.298279
0.496899, -0.202935, 0.297389
0.497116, -0.202883, 0.297111

使用matplotlib库进行绘制

import numpy as np  
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 读取txt文件内容
with open('points.txt', 'r') as file:
    lines = file.readlines()

# 处理数据
x = []
y = []
z = []
for line in lines:
    data = line.strip().split(', ')
    x.append(float(data[0]))
    y.append(float(data[1]))
    z.append(float(data[2]))

# 转换为NumPy数组
x = np.array(x)
y = np.array(y)
z = np.array(z)

print("x =", x)
print("y =", y)
print("z =", z)

ax = plt.subplot(projection='3d')  # 创建一个三维的绘图工程
ax.set_title('3d_image_show')  # 设置本图名称
ax.scatter(x, y, z, c='r',s=5)  # 绘制数据点 c: 'r'红色，'y'黄色等颜色, s代表点的像素大小

ax.set_xlabel('X')  # 设置x坐标轴
ax.set_ylabel('Y')  # 设置y坐标轴
ax.set_zlabel('Z')  # 设置z坐标轴

plt.show()