第五章 静态成员与友元
一、填空题
1、一个类的头文件如下所示,num初始化值为5,程序产生对象T,且修改num为10,并使用show()函数输出num的值10。
#include
class Test
{ private:
static int num;
public:
Test(int);
void show();
};
__int test::num = 5;_______
Test::Test(int n)
{ num=n; }
void Test::show()
{ cout<
void main()
{ Test t(10);
__t.show();_______
}
2 、在下面程序的底画线处填上适当的字句,使该程序执行结果为40。
#include
class Test
{ public:
____static int x__;
Test (int i=0)
{x=i+x;}
int Getnum()
{return Test::x+7;}
};
Int test::x=33_______;
void main()
{Test test;
cout<
}
3 、下列程序运行的结果是___________
#include
#include
#include
class student
{char name[8];
int deg;
char level[7];
friend class process; // 说明友元类
public:
student(char na[],int d)
{ strcpy(name,na);
deg=d;
}
};
class process
{ public:
void trans(student &s)
{int i=s.deg/10;
switch(i)
{case 9:
strcpy(s.level, "优");break;
case 8:
strcpy(s.level,"良");break;
case 7:
strcpy(s.level,"中");break;
case 6:
strcpy(s.level,"及格");break;
default:
strcpy(s.level,"不及格");
}
}
void show(student &s)
{cout<
};
void main()
{ student st[]={student("张三",78),student("李四",92),student("王五
",62),student("孙六",88)};
process p;
cout<<"结 果:"<<"姓名"<
for(int i=0;i<4;i++)
{ p.trans(st[i]);
p.show(st[i]);}
}
姓名 成绩 等级
张三 78 中
李四 92 优
王五 62 及格
孙六 88 良
二、编程题
1.
(1) 编写一个类,声明一个数据成员和一个静态数据成员。让构造函数初始化数据成员,并把静态数据成员加1,让析构函数把静态数据成员减1。
(2) 根据(1)编写一个应用程序,创建三个对象,然后显示它们的数据成员和静态数据成员,再析构每个对象,并显示它们对静态数据成员的影响。
(3) 修改(2),让静态成员函数访问静态数据成员,并让静态数据成员是保户的。
#include
using namespace std;
class AAA
{
friend int static_re();
private:
int a;
protected:
static int b;
public:
AAA(int a):a(a)
{
b++;
}
~AAA()
{
b--;
cout << "b=" << b << endl;
}
int get_int()
{
return a;
}
static int get_static()
{
return b;
}
};
int static_re()
{
AAA::b=100;
cout << "B:" << AAA::b << endl;
return AAA::b;
}
int AAA::b=0;
int main()
{
AAA a1(10),a2(20),a3(30);
cout << "a1_int=" << a1.get_int() << endl;
cout << "a2_int=" << a2.get_int() << endl;
cout << "a3_int=" << a3.get_int() << endl;
cout << "static=" << a1.get_static() << endl;
static_re();
return 0;
}
2.
(1) 下述代码有何错误,改正它。
#include < iostream> using namespace std; class Animal; void SetValue(Animal&, int); void SetValue(Animal&, int, int); class Animal { public: friend void SetValue(Animal&, int); protected: int itsWeight; int itsAge; }; void SetValue(Animal& ta, int tw) { a.itsWeight = tw; ---》ta.itsWeight=tw; } void SetValue(Animal& ta, int tw, int tn) { ta.itsWeight = tw; ta.itsAge = tn; } int main() { Animal peppy; SetValue(peppy, 5); SetValue(peppy, 7,9);
return 0; } |
(2) 将上面程序中的友员改成普通函数,为此增加访问类中保护数据的成员函数。
#include
class Animal {
public:
void SetValue(int);
void SetValue(int, int);
protected:
int itsWeight;
int itsAge;
};
void Animal::SetValue(int tw) {
itsWeight = tw;
}
void Animal::SetValue(int tw, int tn) {
itsWeight = tw;
itsAge = tn;
}
int main() {
Animal peppy;
peppy.SetValue(5);
peppy.SetValue(7, 9);
return 0;
}
3. 重新编写下述程序,使函数Leisure()成为类Car和类Boat的函数。作为重新编程,在类Car和类Boat中,增加函数set()。
#include < iostream> using namespace std; class Boat; class Car { public: Car(int j){size = j;} friend int Leisure(int time, Car& aobj, Boat& bobi); protected: int size; class Boat { public: Boat(int j){size = j;} friend int Leisure(int time, Car& aobj, Boat& bobj); protected: int size; }; int Leisure(int time, Car& aobj, Boat& bobi) { return time * aobj.size *bobi.size; } }; int main() { Car c1(2); Boat bl(3); int time = 4; cout << Leisure(time, cl,bl);
return 0; } |
#include
using namespace std;
class Boat;
class Car {
public:
Car(int j) { size = j; }
int Leisure(int time, Boat& bobj);
void set(int j) { size = j; }
private:
int size;
};
class Boat {
public:
Boat(int j) { size = j; }
int Leisure(int time, Car& aobj);
void set(int j) { size = j; }
private:
int size;
};
int Car::Leisure(int time, Boat& bobj) {
return time * size * bobj.size;
}
int Boat::Leisure(int time, Car& aobj) {
return time * size * aobj.size;
}
int main() {
Car c1(2);
Boat bl(3);
int time = 4;
cout << c1.Leisure(time, bl) << endl;
return 0;
}