一、准备
个人在学习中采用Struts2 + Hibernate3.2 + Spring2.5 + Compass2.2.0, 一下图片为本次学习中用到的jar包:
![Lucene、Compass学习以及与SSH的整合_第1张图片](http://img.e-com-net.com/image/product/032b461b519a406db3003de7459c4bc1.png)
图中圈出的jar包为本次学习的主要部分,另外用绿色框圈出的jar包为分词器,主要用来做实验看分词效果的,选用一个即可。
二、什么是Compass
Compass是一个Java搜索框架。它封装了Lucene,增加了一些Lucene不支持的特性(例如实时更新索引),支持各种数据(Java对象、xml、json)到索引的映射,支持各种数据源(JDBC, Hibernate, iBatis)
![Lucene、Compass学习以及与SSH的整合_第2张图片](http://img.e-com-net.com/image/product/813e22d034844e7a8867e1415d1491f7.png)
图解:
- Compass - 一般在程序启动时建立并被整个程序共享,主要用于建立CompassSession并通过其管理索引数据。与Hibernate的SessionFactory类似
- CompassSession - 用于处理数据的session。与Hibernate的Session类似
- CompassTransaction - 手动进行事务管理,如果不使用,Compass会自动管理事务。与Hibenate的事物管理类似
- CompassTemplate - 将session和transaction透明化。类似Spring提供的HibernateTemplate
- 数据到索引的各种映射 - OSEM, XSEM, JSEM, RSEM。支持通过程序、XML、JSON进行配置。
- CompassGps - Gps的核心模块,管理GpsDevice,有两种实现:SingleCompassGps和DualCompassGps。
- CompassGpsDevice - 处理各种数据源到索引的操作:JDBC, Hibernate, iBatis等。不能独立使用而必须融合到CompassGps中。
三、与Spring、Hibernate整合
这里主要结合代码进行。
1.数据库脚本(Oracle)
- --创建表Article
- create table ARTICLE
- (
- ID NUMBER,--ID,主键
- TITLE VARCHAR2(100),--标题
- CONTENT CLOB,--文章内容
- PUBDATE DATE--发布日期
- )
2.配置Compass的OSEM 以及Hibernate映射
- import java.io.Serializable;
- import java.util.Date;
-
- import javax.persistence.Column;
- import javax.persistence.Entity;
- import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
- import javax.persistence.Id;
- import javax.persistence.Lob;
- import javax.persistence.Table;
- import javax.persistence.Temporal;
- import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
-
- import org.compass.annotations.Index;
- import org.compass.annotations.Searchable;
- import org.compass.annotations.SearchableId;
- import org.compass.annotations.SearchableProperty;
- import org.compass.annotations.Store;
- import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;
-
-
- @Searchable(alias = "article")
- @Entity
- @Table(name = "ARTICLE", schema = "SCOTT")
- public class Article implements Serializable {
-
- private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
-
- private Long id;
- private String title;
- private Date pubdate = new Date();
- private String content;
-
- @SearchableId(
- name = "id",
- store = Store.NO,
- index = Index.NOT_ANALYZED)
- @Id
- @GeneratedValue(generator = "paymentableGenerator")
- @GenericGenerator(name = "paymentableGenerator", strategy = "increment")
- public Long getId() {
- return id;
- }
-
- public void setId(Long id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
-
- @SearchableProperty(
- name = "title",
- store = Store.YES,
- index = Index.ANALYZED)
- @Column(name = "TITLE")
- public String getTitle() {
- return title;
- }
-
- public void setTitle(String title) {
- this.title = title;
- }
-
- @SearchableProperty(
- name = "pubdate",
- store = Store.NO,
- index = Index.UN_TOKENIZED)
- @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
- @Column(name = "PUBDATE")
- public Date getPubdate() {
- return pubdate;
- }
-
- public void setPubdate(Date pubdate) {
- this.pubdate = pubdate;
- }
-
- @SearchableProperty(
- name = "content",
- index = Index.TOKENIZED,
- store = Store.YES,
- converter = "htmlPropertyConverter")
- @Lob
- @Column(name = "CONTENT")
- public String getContent() {
- return content;
- }
-
- public void setContent(String content) {
- this.content = content;
- }
-
- }
说明:
@Searchable(alias="article")表示这个是可以搜索实体,别名为article.
@SearchableId 这个是实体搜索的标识ID,和hibernate里的概念差不多,用来区分索引文件里的实体索引。
@SearchableProperty(index = Index.NOT_ANALYZED, store = Store.NO) 表示这个属性存入索引文件,不进行分词,不存储要索引中。
另外在getContent()方法上的@SearchableProperty中还加入了converter = "htmlPropertyConverter",主要是用来将文章中的HTML标签进行过滤获取纯文本,在建立到索引中。在后面会具体介绍这个转换器。
3.建立Compass搜索的类
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.List;
-
- import javax.annotation.Resource;
-
- import org.compass.core.Compass;
- import org.compass.core.CompassHighlighter;
- import org.compass.core.CompassHits;
- import org.compass.core.CompassQuery;
- import org.compass.core.CompassQueryBuilder;
- import org.compass.core.CompassSession;
- import org.compass.core.CompassTemplate;
- import org.compass.core.CompassHighlighter.TextTokenizer;
- import org.compass.core.CompassQuery.SortPropertyType;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
-
- import com.compass.example.dao.SearchArticleDao;
- import com.compass.example.model.Article;
-
- @Component("SearchArticleDao")
- public class SearchArticleDaoCompass implements SearchArticleDao {
-
- @Resource
- private CompassTemplate compassTemplate;
-
- @Override
- public List<Article> searchWithList(final String queryString) {
-
- Compass compass = compassTemplate.getCompass();
- CompassSession session = compass.openSession();
- CompassQueryBuilder builder = session.queryBuilder();
- CompassQuery compassQuery = builder.queryString(queryString).toQuery().addSort("article.id",SortPropertyType.STRING);
- CompassHits compassHits = compassQuery.hits();
-
-
- List<Article> articles = new ArrayList<Article>();
- for(int i=0; i<compassHits.length(); i++) {
- Article article = (Article) compassHits.data(i);
- CompassHighlighter highlighter = compassHits.highlighter(i);
- String title = highlighter.fragment("title");
- if(title != null) {
- article.setTitle(title);
- }
- String content = highlighter.setTextTokenizer(TextTokenizer.AUTO).fragment("content");
- if(content != null) {
- article.setContent(content);
- }
- articles.add(article);
- }
- return articles;
- }
-
- }
索引的查询主要是根据传过来的参数,关键字keyword,是搜索的关键字
String title = hits.highlighter(i).fragment("title");这段是检索titile这个属性有没有出现搜索的关键字,有就将它高亮(其实就是在关键字前后加个html标记设置颜色,等下可以看到在配置文件里可以自由设置高亮的颜色).
String content = hits.highlighter(i).setTextTokenizer(
CompassHighlighter.TextTokenizer.AUTO)
.fragment("content");
这段代码和上面的title具有一样的一样的功能,另外还多了个很重要的功能,自动选择正文中最匹配关键字的内容中的一部分输出。因为很多时候一篇文章几千字,我们只想显示有关键字的那部分的摘要,这时候这个功能就很方便.
4.建立索引,将在服务器启动时或定时重建索引
- import org.compass.gps.CompassGps;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
-
- public class CompassIndexBuilder implements InitializingBean {
-
-
- private boolean buildIndex = false;
-
- private int lazyTime = 10;
-
- private CompassGps compassGps;
-
- private Thread indexThread = new Thread() {
-
- @Override
- public void run() {
- try {
- System.out.println("lazyTime: " + lazyTime);
- Thread.sleep(lazyTime * 1000);
- System.out.println("begin compass index ...");
- long beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
-
-
-
-
- compassGps.index();
-
- long costTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - beginTime;
- System.out.println("compss index finished.");
- System.out.println("costed " + costTime + " milliseconds");
-
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
-
- }
-
- };
-
-
- @Override
- public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
- if (buildIndex) {
- indexThread.setDaemon(true);
- indexThread.setName("Compass Indexer");
- indexThread.start();
- }
- }
-
- public boolean isBuildIndex() {
- return buildIndex;
- }
-
- public void setBuildIndex(boolean buildIndex) {
- this.buildIndex = buildIndex;
- }
-
- public int getLazyTime() {
- return lazyTime;
- }
-
- public void setLazyTime(int lazyTime) {
- this.lazyTime = lazyTime;
- }
-
- public CompassGps getCompassGps() {
- return compassGps;
- }
-
- public void setCompassGps(CompassGps compassGps) {
- this.compassGps = compassGps;
- }
-
- }
5.转换器
- import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
- import org.compass.core.Property;
- import org.compass.core.converter.ConversionException;
- import org.compass.core.converter.basic.AbstractBasicConverter;
- import org.compass.core.mapping.ResourcePropertyMapping;
- import org.compass.core.marshall.MarshallingContext;
-
- import com.compass.example.utils.StringUtil;
-
- public class HtmlPropertyConverter extends AbstractBasicConverter<String> {
-
- private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(HtmlPropertyConverter.class);
-
- public HtmlPropertyConverter() {
- super();
-
- logger.info("----------HtmlPropertyConverter Initializing ...");
- }
-
-
- @Override
- protected String doFromString(String str,
- ResourcePropertyMapping resourcePropertyMapping,
- MarshallingContext context) throws ConversionException {
- logger.info("----------calling doFromString...");
- return str;
- }
-
-
-
- @Override
- protected Property createProperty(String value,
- ResourcePropertyMapping resourcePropertyMapping,
- MarshallingContext context) {
- logger.info("----------calling createProperty...");
-
- value = StringUtil.removeHTML(value);
-
- return super.createProperty(value, resourcePropertyMapping, context);
- }
-
-
- public class StringUtil {
- public static String removeHTML(String str, boolean addSpace) {
-
-
-
- if(str == null) return "";
- StringBuffer ret = new StringBuffer(str.length());
- int start = 0;
- int beginTag = str.indexOf("<");
- int endTag = 0;
- if(beginTag == -1) return str;
-
- while(beginTag >= start) {
- if(beginTag > 0) {
- ret.append(str.substring(start, beginTag));
-
-
- if(addSpace) ret.append(" ");
- }
- endTag = str.indexOf(">", beginTag);
-
-
- if(endTag > -1) {
- start = endTag + 1;
- beginTag = str.indexOf("<", start);
- }
-
-
- else {
- ret.append(str.substring(beginTag));
- break;
- }
- }
-
- if(endTag >-1 && endTag + 1 < str.length()) {
- ret.append(str.substring(endTag + 1));
- }
-
-
-
- return ret.toString().trim();
- }
-
-
- public static String removeHTML(String str) {
- return removeHTML(str, true);
- }
- }
-
5.配置文件
6.效果(英文)
![Lucene、Compass学习以及与SSH的整合_第3张图片](http://img.e-com-net.com/image/product/53125304eec2427ea404c5707aeefeec.png)
中文
![Lucene、Compass学习以及与SSH的整合_第4张图片](http://img.e-com-net.com/image/product/f29ed150f4e34af28a3b9a0d3628f582.jpg)
四、问题总结
1.异常there are more terms than documents in field "XXX", but it's impossible to sort on tokenized fields.
在Luncene的API中对Sort的说明中有以下描述:
The fields used to determine sort order must be carefully chosen. Documents must contain a single term in such a field, and the value of the term should indicate the document's relative position in a given sort order. The field must be indexed, but should not be tokenized, and does not need to be stored
(unless you happen to want it back with the rest of your document data). In other words:
document.add (new Field ("byNumber", Integer.toString(x), Field.Store.NO, Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED));
描述中红色部分需特别注意,排序的字段必须被索引,并且不应该被tokennized,也就是在注解@SearchableProperty中的index=Index.NOT_ANALYZED, store=Store.NO,括号中的说明不是很明白,希望知道的可以给我点提示,再此谢谢了。
2.异常java.lang.RuntimeException: field "XXX" does not appear to be indexed
对多个表建索引后进行搜索,在添加排序条件时,如果不指定SortPropertyType,那么在没有指定converter的字段上排序时会抛以上异常, 但如果只对单个表建索引,不会有这个问题。
五、本次学习在网上查找各种资料的汇总,对引用到别处博客内容的博主表示感谢!文章尚有很多不完善之处,望指正,本人不胜感激!
六、其他资料
Compass入门
http://www.yeeach.com/2008/03/23/compass-%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97/
关于高亮显示的解决方案
http://jdkcn.com/entry/the-better-revolution-about-the-compass-lucene-highlight.html,此网站开放源码,有助于大家学习。