ASP.NET中的路径(path) 详解
一 ASP.NET常用路径(path)获取方法与格式对照表
假设我们的网址为http://localhost:1897/ News/Press/Content.aspx?id=1019
| 跟 Browser Request 的网址相关的属性与方法 |
输出（output）实例 |
备 注 |
| Request.ApplicationPath |
/ |
指的是当前的application(应用程序)的目录 |
| Request.PhysicalPath |
D:\Projects\Solution\web\News\Press\Content.aspx |
磁盘驱动器代号:\父目录\子目录\Content.aspx |
| Request.PhysicalApplicationPath |
D:\Projects\Solution\web\ |
磁盘驱动器代号:\父目录\子目录\ |
| Request.CurrentExecutionFilePath |
/News/Press/Content.aspx |
|
| Request.FilePath |
/News/Press/Content.aspx |
对应于iis的虚拟目录。 |
| Request.Path |
/News/Press/Content.aspx |
当前请求的虚拟路径。Path 是 FilePath 和 PathInfo 尾部的串联。*(见下面详细讲解) |
| Server.MapPath(string url) |
例http://www.example.com/1/index.html, 假设你的应用程序在c:/iis/MySite中,那么就是c:/iis/MySite/1/index.html |
将url映射为服务器上的物理路径 |
| Request.RawUrl |
/News/Press/Content.aspx?id=1019 |
|
| Request.Url.AbsolutePath |
/News/Press /Content.aspx |
|
| Request.Url.AbsoluteUri |
http://localhost:1897/Content.aspx?id=1019 |
|
| Request.Url.LocalPath |
/News/Press//Content.aspx |
|
| Request.Url.PathAndQuery |
/News/Press//Content.aspx?id=1019&uu=77 |
|
| Request.Url.Scheme |
http |
|
| Request.Url.Host |
localhost |
|
| Request.Url.Port |
1987 |
|
| Request.Url.Authority |
localhost:1897 |
|
| Request.Url.Query |
?id=1019 |
|
| Request.Url.Query[id] |
1019 |
|
| Request.Url.Fragments |
/ |
|
| Request.Url.Segments[0] |
/ |
|
| System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(Request.PhysicalPath) |
D:\Projects\Solution\web\News\Press |
磁盘驱动器代号:\父目录\子目录\
|
| System.IO.Path.GetFileName(Request.PhysicalPath) |
Content.aspx |
|
(接上面*) Request.FilePath, Request.PathInfo, Request.Path, RequestRawUrl
如果请求的地址为http://www.cnblogs.com/default.aspx/books则
Request.FilePath值为http://www.cnblogs.com/default.aspx
Request.PathInfo 值为 /books
Request.Path 值为 http://www.cnblogs.com/default.aspx/books
Request.RawUrl 值为 http://www.cnblogs.com/default.aspx/books
如果请求地址为http://www.cnblogs.com/defaut.aspx?id=1&name=kk则
Request.FilePath值为http://www.cnblogs.com/default.aspx
Request.PathInfo 值为 ""(空字符串)
Request.Path 值为 http://www.cnblogs.com/default.aspx
Request.RawUrl 值为 http://www.cnblogs.com/default.aspx?id=1&name=kk
二 Request.ServerVariables集合中获取到的相关信息:
左列是服务器变量名，右侧是值，值是通过Request.ServerVariables[服务器变量名]获取的
APPL_MD_PATH : /LM/W3SVC/894523/Root
APPL_PHYSICAL_PATH : D:\VssWorkFolder\British_School_MIS\src\WebSite\
INSTANCE_META_PATH : /LM/W3SVC/894523
LOCAL_ADDR : 192.168.1.6
PATH_INFO : /SysOption/BillingSetup1.aspx
PATH_TRANSLATED : D:\VssWorkFolder\British_School_MIS\src\WebSite\SysOption\BillingSetup1.aspx
REMOTE_ADDR : 192.168.1.6
REMOTE_HOST : 192.168.1.6
SCRIPT_NAME : /SysOption/BillingSetup1.aspx
SERVER_NAME : 192.168.1.6
URL : /SysOption/BillingSetup1.aspx
Request.ServerVariables是一个很强大的工具，可以帮助我们获取很多client和web宿主的信息，有兴趣的朋友可以通过以下代码看看它到底包含什么信息
foreach (string s in Request.ServerVariables)
{
Response.Write(s + " : " + Request.ServerVariables[s] + "<br /><br />");
}
三 path转换
1.转换为服务器端路径（Server.MapPath）
web服务器端开发设计一个有趣的问题就是，地址转换。比如http地址/images/a.txt，如果你想在服务器端通过io读取这个文件，就得有这个文件的“本机地址（形如c:\windows\system32\xx.dll）”,这时Server.MapPath就很有用了
Response.Write(Request.MapPath(Request.Path)); 输出为 D:\VssWorkFolder\British_School_MIS\src\WebSite\SysOption\BillingSetup1.aspx
2.转换为http地址（Page.ResolveClientUrl Page.ResolveUrl）
Response.Write(Page.ResolveClientUrl("~/a/a.jpg")); 输出为 ../a/a.jpg
Response.Write(Page.ResolveUrl("~/a/a.jpg")); 输出为 /a/a.jpg
另外,我们使用upload控件上传文件时，用HttpPostedFile 。例如:
HttpPostedFile file = context.Request.Files[i];//这里的context.Request.Files就是上传的文件集合.
PS:此处乃是利用HttpHandler..在Page页面中可以自己用其它办法多文件上传.
接着如何保存文件呢?
利用HttpPostedFile的SaveAs方法即可,如: file.SaveAs(SpecifiedPath);
此处的SpecifiedPath是上传文件的绝对路径.
至于如何获取上传文件的路径.我们可以利用Path类.来操作File.HttpPostedFile类中也包含了文件的基本信息.如文件名,大小,路径等等.Path类操作更齐全而已.接着就可以利用Server.MapPath()方法来进行转换.
为检验上面的理论，你可以编写一段code跑下就一清二楚啦。例:
StringBuilder req = new StringBuilder();
req.Append("<table cellpadding=3 cellspacing=0 border=1>");
// Request.ApplicationPath
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.ApplicationPath");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.ApplicationPath + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// Request.PhysicalPath
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.PhysicalPath");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.PhysicalPath + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(Request.PhysicalPath)
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(Request.PhysicalPath)");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(Request.PhysicalPath) + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// Request.PhysicalApplicationPath
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.PhysicalApplicationPath");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.PhysicalApplicationPath + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// System.IO.Path.GetFileName(Request.PhysicalPath)
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("System.IO.Path.GetFileName(Request.PhysicalPath)");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + System.IO.Path.GetFileName(Request.PhysicalPath) + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// Request.CurrentExecutionFilePath
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.CurrentExecutionFilePath");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.CurrentExecutionFilePath + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// Request.FilePath
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.FilePath");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.FilePath + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// Request.Path
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.Path");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.Path + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// Request.RawUrl
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.RawUrl");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.RawUrl + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// Request.Url.AbsolutePath
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.Url.AbsolutePath");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.AbsolutePath + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// Request.Url.AbsoluteUri
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.Url.AbsoluteUri");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.AbsoluteUri + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// Request.Url.Scheme
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.Url.Scheme");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.Scheme + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// Request.Url.Host
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.Url.Host");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.Host + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// Request.Url.Port
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.Url.Port");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.Port + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// Request.Url.Authority
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.Url.Authority");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.Authority + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// local Request.Url.LocalPath
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.Url.LocalPath");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.LocalPath + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// Request.PathInfo
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.PathInfo");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.PathInfo + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// Request.Url.PathAndQuery
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.Url.PathAndQuery");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.PathAndQuery + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// Request.Url.Query
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.Url.Query");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.Query + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// Request.Url.Fragment
// 原则上你应该无法从 Request.Url.Fragment 取得任何数据，因为通常 Browser 不会送出 #toc 这个部分
req.Append("<tr><td>");
req.Append("Request.Url.Fragment");
req.Append("</td><td>");
req.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.Fragment + "</b>");
req.Append("</td></tr>");
// Request.Url.Segments
req.Append("<tr>");
req.Append("<td>");
req.Append("Request.Url.Segments");
req.Append("</td>");
req.Append("<td>");
string[] segments = Request.Url.Segments;
foreach (string s in segments)
{
req.Append("<b>" + s + "</b>");
req.Append("<p>");
}
req.Append("</td>");
req.Append("</tr>");
req.Append("</table>");
Response.Write(req.ToString());
参考的文章：
http://blog.miniasp.com/post/2008/02/10/How-Do-I-Get-Paths-and-URL-fragments-from-the-HttpRequest-object.aspx
http://www.cnblogs.com/zyip/archive/2009/08/13/1544968.html
如有错误,请不吝指出。
另加上一个实例：
// Builds an absolute URL
private static string BuildAbsolute(string relativeUri)
{
// get current uri
Uri uri = HttpContext.Current.Request.Url;
// build absolute path
string app = HttpContext.Current.Request.ApplicationPath;
if (!app.EndsWith("/")) app += "/";
relativeUri = relativeUri.TrimStart('/');
// return the absolute path
return HttpUtility.UrlPathEncode(
String.Format("http://{0}:{1}{2}{3}",
uri.Host, uri.Port, app, relativeUri));
}