MySQL8.0.33 主主复制高可用部署
一、服务器规划
1.1 服务器详情
| 主机名 | IP | 配置 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|---|
| MySQLMasterVIP | 10.0.0.10 | 虚拟IP跳转 | MySQL连接地址 |
| MySQLMaster01 | 10.0.0.11 | 2H4G | |
| MySQLMaster02 | 10.0.0.12 | 2H4G |
1.2 修改主机名
## 修改各主机的主机名
如：10.0.0.11服务器
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname mysqlmaster01
退出终端重启进入
1.3 关闭防火墙
## 关闭防火墙
[root@mysqlmaster01 ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
## 关闭selinux
[root@mysqlmaster01 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@mysqlmaster01 ~]# sed -i 's|SELINUX=enforcing|SELINUX=disabled|g' /etc/selinux/config
二、MySQL Cluster环境部署
2.1 MySQL部署
2.1.1 性能调优
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
[root@mysqlmaster01 ~]# cat >> /etc/profile <2.1.2 下载MySQL官方包
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
## 下载MySQL
[root@mysqlmaster01 ~]# yum install -y libaio gcc gcc-c++ automake pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel wget
[root@mysqlmaster01 ~]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
2.1.3 解压并移动安装包
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
# 解压 tar -zxvf 待解压目录
[root@mysqlmaster01 ~]# tar xf mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
# 移动 mv 移动目录 移动后的目录
[root@mysqlmaster01 ~]# mv mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
2.1.4 创建数据目录
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
# 进入MySQL目录
[root@mysqlmaster01 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
# 创建data文件夹(也可以根据那个磁盘大而定--df -Th查看)
[root@mysqlmaster01 mysql]# mkdir data
2.1.5 创建mysql用户权限
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
# 创建msyql组
[root@mysqlmaster01 mysql]# groupadd mysql
# 创建mysql用户并添加到mysql组中,-r表示mysql是系统级用户，-g是所属组为mysql
[root@mysqlmaster01 mysql]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
# 修改mysql目录的组以及权限
[root@mysqlmaster01 mysql]# chown mysql:mysql -R ./
2.1.6 修改MySQL配置文件
2.1.6.1 主一
10.0.0.11服务器执行
[root@mysqlmaster01 mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
## 用于指定 MySQL 服务器绑定的网络接口地址，127.0.0.1代表只能本地访问
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
port = 3306
user = mysql
innodb_strict_mode=0
# mysql解压目录
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
# 数据存放目录
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
# 跳过密码验证
# skip-grant-tables
# socker文件存放目录
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
# 错误日志
log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.error
# mysql进程号
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
# 日志记录慢查询SQL
slow_query_log = true
slow_query_log_file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql_slow_query.log
long_query_time = 1
# 记录没有使用index的查询记录
log-queries-not-using-indexes
# 配置mysqlbinlog
server-id = 1 ## 注意不能重复
log-bin = mysql-bin
binlog_format = MIXED
gtid-mode = on
enforce-gtid-consistency = true
master-info-repository = TABLE
relay-log-info-repository = TABLE
default_authentication_plugin = mysql_native_password
# 并行复制工作线程数
slave-parallel-workers = 4
# 设置binlog过期时间，过期自动删除 binlog_expire_logs_seconds单位是秒
binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 259200
max_binlog_size = 50M
log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1
# 设置sql_mode行为规则
sql_mode = 'NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'
2.1.6.2 主二
10.0.0.12服务器执行
[mysqld]
## 用于指定 MySQL 服务器绑定的网络接口地址，127.0.0.1代表只能本地访问
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
port = 3306
user = mysql
innodb_strict_mode=0
# mysql解压目录
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
# 数据存放目录
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
# 跳过密码验证
# skip-grant-tables
# socker文件存放目录
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
# 错误日志
log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.error
# mysql进程号
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
# 日志记录慢查询SQL
slow_query_log = true
slow_query_log_file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql_slow_query.log
long_query_time = 1
# 记录没有使用index的查询记录
log-queries-not-using-indexes
# 配置mysqlbinlog
server-id = 2 ## 注意不能重复
log-bin = mysql-bin
binlog_format = MIXED
gtid-mode = on
enforce-gtid-consistency = true
master-info-repository = TABLE
relay-log-info-repository = TABLE
default_authentication_plugin = mysql_native_password
# 并行复制工作线程数
slave-parallel-workers = 4
# 设置binlog过期时间，过期自动删除 binlog_expire_logs_seconds单位是秒
binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 259200
max_binlog_size = 50M
log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1
# 设置sql_mode行为规则
sql_mode = 'NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'
2.1.7 初始化MySQL
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
# 初始化 --defaults-file为配置文件所在 ,--basedir为解压路径,--datadir为数据保存路径 --user表示MySQL所属用户
[root@mysqlmaster01 mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql --initialize
## 如果执行完初始化没有报错，复制MySQL启动脚本到/etc/init.d/目录便于使用service mysql start启动
[root@mysqlmaster01 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
2.1.8 查看密码
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
## 初始化MySQL是会生产一个临时密码，可以通过查看在my.cnf中配置的log-error的配置文件知晓。
[root@mysqlmaster01 mysql]# cat data/mysql.error | grep "root@"
root@mysqlmaster01: oK)CZs*bg9zw ##通常最后一行
2.1.9 设置systemd启动文件
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
[root@mysqlmaster01 mysql]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld()
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
PIDFile=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid
# Disable service start and stop timeout logic of systemd for mysqld service.
TimeoutSec=
# Execute pre and post scripts as root
PermissionsStartOnly=true
# Needed to create system tables
#ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd
# Start main service
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid
#注意这里要加上 --daemonize
# Use this to switch malloc implementation
#EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql
# Sets open_files_limit
LimitNOFILE =
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=
PrivateTmp=false
2.1.10 启动服务
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
## 开机自启动
[root@mysqlmaster01 mysql]# systemctl enable --now mysql.service
2.1.11 设置环境变量
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
[root@mysqlmaster01 mysql]# vim /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin ## 最后一行添加
[root@mysqlmaster01 mysql]# source /etc/profile
2.1.12 修改密码
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
## 登入MySQL
[root@mysqlmaster01 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: ## mysql.error获取的临时密码: 2yhm?>?s7=iJ
## 修改密码
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
mysql> set password for root@localhost = '123456';
## 设置MySQL远程登入
mysql> use mysql;
msyql> update user set user.Host='%' where user.User='root';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit
## 把mysql用户登录密码加密规则还原成mysql_native_password
[root@mysqlmaster01 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
2.1.13 主主复制
2.1.13.1 主一
10.0.0.11服务器执行
## 创建授权用户
[root@mysqlmaster01 local]# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql> CREATE USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> show master status; //查看bin文件
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 | 2684 | | | 7fa5f52b-8d0b-11ee-8aef-000c29aad94b:1-10 |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+
2.1.13.2 主二
10.0.0.12服务器执行
## 连接主库
[root@mysqlmaster02 local]# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql> stop slave;
mysql> CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO SOURCE_HOST ='10.0.0.11',SOURCE_USER='slave',SOURCE_PASSWORD ='123456',SOURCE_LOG_FILE ='mysql-bin.000002',SOURCE_LOG_POS =2684;
mysql> start slave;
参数：
SOURCE_HOST ='10.0.0.11' ## 主库IP地址
SOURCE_USER='slave' ## 主库创建用于主从复制的用户
SOURCE_PASSWORD ='123456' ## 主库创建用于主从复制的密码
SOURCE_LOG_FILE ='mysql-bin.000002' ## 主库binlog日志文件名
SOURCE_LOG_POS =2684 ## 主库binlog日志文件位置
## 检查是否成功
mysql> show slave status \G
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event
Master_Host: 10.0.0.11
Master_User: slave
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 2684
Relay_Log_File: relay-log-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 326
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes ## 两个Yes代表成功
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
2.1.13.3 主二
10.0.0.12服务器执行
## 创建授权用户
[root@mysqlmaster02 local]# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql> CREATE USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> show master status; //查看bin文件
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 | 2684 | | | 7fa5f52b-8d0b-11ee-8aef-000c29aad94b:1-10 |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+
2.1.13.4 主一
10.0.0.11服务器执行
## 连接主库
[root@mysqlmaster01 local]# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql> stop slave;
mysql> CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO SOURCE_HOST ='10.0.0.12',SOURCE_USER='slave',SOURCE_PASSWORD ='123456',SOURCE_LOG_FILE ='mysql-bin.000002',SOURCE_LOG_POS =2684;
mysql> start slave;
参数：
SOURCE_HOST ='10.0.0.12' ## 主库IP地址
SOURCE_USER='slave' ## 主库创建用于主从复制的用户
SOURCE_PASSWORD ='123456' ## 主库创建用于主从复制的密码
SOURCE_LOG_FILE ='mysql-bin.000002' ## 主库binlog日志文件名
SOURCE_LOG_POS =2684 ## 主库binlog日志文件位置
## 检查是否成功
mysql> show slave status \G
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event
Master_Host: 10.0.0.12
Master_User: slave
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 2684
Relay_Log_File: relay-log-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 326
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes ## 两个Yes代表成功
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
2.1.14 开放相关端口
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
[root@mysqlmaster01 mysql]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
[root@mysqlmaster01 mysql]# firewall-cmd --reload
2.2 keepalived部署
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
2.2.1下载Keepalived官方包
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
[root@mysqlmaster01 ~]# wget https://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-2.2.8.tar.gz
2.2.2 解压安装包
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
[root@mysqlmaster01 ~]# tar -zxvf keepalived-2.2.8.tar.gz
2.2.3 编译安装
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
[root@mysqlmaster01 ~]# cd keepalived-2.2.8
[root@mysqlmaster01 keepalived-2.2.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
[root@mysqlmaster01 keepalived-2.2.8]# make -j4 && make install
2.2.4 启动脚本
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
[root@mysqlmaster01 keepalived-2.2.8]# cp keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
[root@mysqlmaster01 keepalived-2.2.8]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/keepalived
2.2.5 做软连接
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
[root@mysqlmaster01 keepalived-2.2.8]# ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
2.2.6 修改配置文件
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
2.2.6.1 主节点
10.0.0.11服务器执行
[root@mysqlmaster01 keepalived-2.2.8]# vim /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs { #全局配置
router_id mysqlmaster01 #路由id号，不能重复
}
vrrp_script mysqlmaster {
script "/usr/local/keepalived/scripts/mysql.sh" #检查当前mysqlmaster是否为master
interval 3 #每3秒检查一次
weight 2 #当本机为master检测结果返回1，将优先级加2
fall 2 ##检测失败多少次就才认为是真的失败
rise 1 ##检测成功1为就认为是成功的
}
vrrp_instance VI_mysqlmaster { #定义一个实例
state MASTER #参数 master/backup 只是说明，具体根据优先级
interface ens33 #虚IP地址放置的网卡位置
virtual_router_id 51 #同一个集群id一致
priority 100 #优先级决定是主还是备 越大越优先
advert_int 1 #主备通讯时间间隔
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111 #认证号，集群中要一致
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.0.10 #使用的虚拟ip，要和网段内ip不冲突
}
track_script { ##调用状态检查
mysqlmaster
}
}
2.2.6.1 从节点
10.0.0.12服务器执行
global_defs { #全局配置
router_id mysqlmaster02 #路由id号，不能重复
}
vrrp_script mysqlmaster {
script "/usr/local/keepalived/scripts/mysql.sh" #检查当前mysqlmaster是否为master
interval 3 #每3秒检查一次
weight 2 #当本机为master检测结果返回1，将优先级加2
fall 2 ##检测失败多少次就才认为是真的失败
rise 1 ##检测成功1为就认为是成功的
}
vrrp_instance VI_mysqlmaster { #定义一个实例
state backup #参数 master/backup 只是说明，具体根据优先级
interface ens33 #虚IP地址放置的网卡位置
virtual_router_id 51 #同一个集群id一致
priority 99 #优先级决定是主还是备 越大越优先
advert_int 1 #主备通讯时间间隔
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111 #认证号，集群中要一致
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.0.10 #使用的虚拟ip，要和网段内ip不冲突
}
track_script { ##调用状态检查
mysqlmaster
}
}
2.2.7 编写状态检查脚本
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
## 创建脚本目录
[root@mysqlmaster01 keepalived-2.2.8]# mkdir /usr/local/keepalived/scripts
[root@mysqlmaster01 keepalived-2.2.8]# vim /usr/local/keepalived/scripts/mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
MySQL_PS=`ps -C mysqld --no-header | wc -l`
if [ ${MySQL_PS} -eq 0 ];then
systemctl restart mysql.service
sleep 3
if [ ${MySQL_PS} -eq 0 ];then
systemctl stop keepalived.service
fi
else
printf "Service：mysqld.service Running！！！\r\n"
fi
## 脚本授权
[root@mysqlmaster01 keepalived-2.2.8]# chmod +x /usr/local/keepalived/scripts/mysql.sh
2.2.8 设置systemd启动文件
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
[root@mysqlmaster01 keepalived-2.2.8]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service
[Unit]
Description=LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor
After=network-online.target syslog.target
Wants=network-online.target
Documentation=man:keepalived(8)
Documentation=man:keepalived.conf(5)
Documentation=man:genhash(1)
Documentation=https://keepalived.org
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/run/keepalived.pid
KillMode=process
EnvironmentFile=-/usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
ExecStart=/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
TimeoutStopSec=5
KillMode=process
RestartSec=10
Restart=always
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
2.2.9 启动服务
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
[root@mysqlmaster01 keepalived-2.2.8]# systemctl enable --now keepalived.service
2.2.10 端口开放
MySQL相关服务器全部执行
[root@mysqlmaster01 keepalived-2.2.8]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
[root@mysqlmaster01 keepalived-2.2.8]# firewall-cmd --add-rich-rule='rule protocol value="vrrp" accept' --permanent
[root@mysqlmaster01 keepalived-2.2.8]# firewall-cmd --reload
2.2.11 检查VIP是否启动
查看VIP是否存在
[root@mysqlmaster01 keepalived-2.2.8]# ip a
1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:9f:39:98 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.0.0.11/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 10.0.0.10/32 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::50f7:7bb7:e131:be15/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever