C++基于模板顺序表的实现（带排序）
说明：代码是可以运行的，但是发表在博客上后复制到编译器里面报N多错误，找了半天原因是网页里面生成了一些空白字符，这些字符编译器无法识别。
因此使用了2种插入格式插入代码。
第一个带注释解释的代码不可复制，最下面的第二个代码可以正常复制
代码如下：
#include <iostream>
#include<cstdlib> //rand()函数产生随机值
#include<string> //bool函数赋值
#include<iomanip> //输出格式控制头文件
using namespace std;
const int defaultsize = 100;
template <typename T>
class seqlist
{
public:
seqlist(int size = defaultsize); //默认形参的构造函数
seqlist(seqlist<T> &);
~seqlist();
//function
int lengthlist(void); //顺序表当前的元素个数
int listsize(void); //顺序表最大元素容纳个数
int searchlist(T i); //搜索顺序表
bool getdata(int i, T & t); //取顺序表第i个元素后赋值到引用t中
bool setdata(int i, T t); //设置第i个元素值为t
bool insertdate(T t); //插入到顺序表尾
bool removedate(int i, T & t); //将第i个元素保存到t后移出顺序表，
bool isempty(void); //判断表空
bool isfull(void); //判断表满
void sortlist(void); //表排序
private:
T * lists; //size of sequence list. //表存储的内存
int maxsize; //the maximum number of sequence list. //表的最大容纳元素个数
int last; //indicating sequence list last element. //当前表元素个数指示
};
template <typename T>
seqlist<T>::seqlist(int size)
{
if (size > 0)
{
maxsize = size;
last = -1;
lists = new T[size];
if (lists == NULL)
{
cout << "fatal error:can NOT allocate memory!" << endl;
exit(-1);
}
}
else
cout << "incorrect size!" << endl;
}
template <typename T>
seqlist<T>::seqlist(seqlist<T> &p)
{
maxsize = p.listsize();
last = p.lengthlist() - 1;
lists = new T[maxsize];
if (lists == NULL)
{
cout << "memory error." << endl;
exit(-1);
}
for (int i = 0; i <= last; i++)
{
lists[i] = p.lists[i];
}
}
template <typename T>
seqlist<T>::~seqlist()
{
cout << "free memory." << endl;
delete [] lists;
}
template <typename T>
int seqlist<T>::lengthlist(void)
{
return last + 1;
}
template <typename T>
int seqlist<T>::listsize(void)
{
return maxsize;
}
template <typename T>
int seqlist<T>::searchlist(T t)
{
if (!isempty())
{
cout << "search data=" << t << endl;
for (int i = 0; i <= last; i++)
if (t - lists[i] < 0.00000001) //使用差值判断2个元素是否相等，防止精度导致的浮点类型不相等，例如1.23456与1.23457默认精度的情况
return i + 1; //成功则返回位置
}
return -1; //失败返回-1
}
template <typename T>
bool seqlist<T>::getdata(int i, T & t)
{
if (i > 0 && i <= last + 1)
{
t = lists[i - 1];
return true;
}
else
return false;
}
template <typename T>
bool seqlist<T>::setdata(int i, T t)
{
if (i >= 1 && i <= last + 1)
{
lists[i - 1] = t;
return true;
}
else
return false;
}
template <typename T>
bool seqlist<T>::insertdate(T t)
{
if (isfull())
{
cout << "The lists is full!" << endl;
return false;
}
else
{
lists[last + 1] = t; //由于顺序表的元素排列未排序，处于无须状态，指定插入顺序无意义，因此默认插在顺序表尾
last++;
return true;
}
}
template <typename T>
bool seqlist<T>::removedate(int i, T & t)
{
if (isempty())
{
cout << "the lists is empty!" << endl;
return false;
}
else if (i > 0 && i <= last + 1)
{
t = lists[i - 1]; //先保存即将要移出表元素的值
for (int j = i; j <= last + 1; j++) //移出后，将后面的表元素填充到前面的位置
lists[j - 1] = lists[j];
last--;
return true;
}
else
{
cout << "incorrect number!" << endl;
return false;
}
}
template <typename T>
bool seqlist<T>::isempty(void)
{
// cout << "last" << last << endl;
return (last == -1) ? true : false;
}
template <typename T>
bool seqlist<T>::isfull(void)
{
return (last == maxsize - 1) ? true : false;
}
template <typename T>
void seqlist<T>::sortlist(void)
{
if (isempty())
cout << "lists do not need to sort." << endl;
else
for (int i = 0; i < last; i++) //无须顺序表的排序，从第一个元素开始与后面所有的元素比较
{
int k = i; //用k指示最小的元素
for (int j = i + 1; j < last + 1; j++) //用当前最小的与整个顺序表的所有元素比较
if (lists[j] < lists [k])
k = j;
if (k != i)
{
T temp = lists[i];
lists[i] = lists[k];
lists[k] = temp;
}
}
}
int main(void)
{
int x1 = 0, x2 = 0 , x3 = 42 ;
double y1 = 97.2775, y2 = 0, y3 = 0 ;
bool status;
seqlist<int> seq1(30);
for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++)
seq1.insertdate(rand() % 998);
cout << "排序前：" << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++)
{
seq1.getdata(i + 1, x2);
cout.fill('0');
cout << "list[" << setw(2) << i + 1 << "]=" << setw(3) << x2 << " ";
if ((i + 1) % 5 == 0)
cout << endl;
}
seq1.sortlist();
cout << endl;
cout << "排序后：" << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++)
{
seq1.getdata(i + 1, x2);
cout.fill('0');
cout << "list[" << setw(2) << i + 1 << "]=" << setw(3) << x2 << " ";
if ((i + 1) % 5 == 0)
cout << endl;
}
cout << endl;
x1 = seq1.listsize();
cout << "lists seq1 size:" << x1 << endl;
status = seq1.isempty();
if (!status)
cout << "lists seq1 is not empty." << endl;
x1 = seq1.lengthlist();
cout << "lists seq1 length:" << x1 << endl;
x1 = seq1.searchlist(x3);
cout << "lists seq1 search:" << x1 << endl;
cout << endl << endl;
cout << "building seq2." << endl;
seqlist<double> seq2(30);
for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++)
seq2.insertdate(rand() / (double)(RAND_MAX / 100));
status = seq2.isfull();
if (status)
cout << "lists seq2 is full." << endl;
cout << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
{
seq2.getdata(i + 1, y2);
cout << "list[" << setw(2) << i + 1 << "]=" << setw(7) << y2 << " ";
if ((i + 1) % 5 == 0)
cout << endl;
}
cout << endl;
x1 = seq2.lengthlist();
cout << "lists seq2 length:" << x1 << endl;
x1 = seq2.searchlist(y1);
cout << "lists seq2 search:" << x1 << endl;
seq2.setdata(7, 99);
seq2.getdata(7, y2);
cout << "seq2 setdata=" << y2 << endl;
seq2.removedate(7, y3);
cout << "remove data=" << y3 << endl;
cout << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < 19; i++)
{
seq2.getdata(i + 1, y2);
cout << "list[" << setw(2) << i + 1 << "]=" << setw(7) << y2 << " ";
if ((i + 1) % 5 == 0)
cout << endl;
}
cout << endl;
cout << endl;
seqlist<int> seq3(seq1);
for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++)
{
seq1.getdata(i + 1, x2);
cout.fill('0');
cout << "list[" << setw(2) << i + 1 << "]=" << setw(3) << x2 << " ";
if ((i + 1) % 5 == 0)
cout << endl;
}
return 0;
}
可正常编译代码：
1 #include <iostream> 2 #include<cstdlib> 3 #include<string> 4 #include<iomanip> 5 6 using namespace std; 7 8 const int defaultsize = 100; 9 10 template <typename T> 11 class seqlist 12 { 13 public: 14 seqlist(int size = defaultsize); 15 seqlist(seqlist<T> &); 16 ~seqlist(); 17 18 //function 19 int lengthlist(void); 20 int listsize(void); 21 int searchlist(T i); 22 bool getdata(int i, T & t); 23 bool setdata(int i, T t); 24 bool insertdate(T t); 25 bool removedate(int i, T & t); 26 bool isempty(void); 27 bool isfull(void); 28 void sortlist(void); 29 30 private: 31 T * lists; 32 int maxsize; 33 int last; 34 }; 35 36 template <typename T> 37 seqlist<T>::seqlist(int size) 38 { 39 if (size > 0) 40 { 41 maxsize = size; 42 last = -1; 43 lists = new T[size]; 44 if (lists == NULL) 45 { 46 cout << "fatal error:can NOT allocate memory!" << endl; 47 exit(-1); 48 } 49 } 50 else 51 cout << "incorrect size!" << endl; 52 } 53 54 template <typename T> 55 seqlist<T>::seqlist(seqlist<T> &p) 56 { 57 maxsize = p.listsize(); 58 last = p.lengthlist() - 1; 59 lists = new T[maxsize]; 60 if (lists == NULL) 61 { 62 cout << "memory error." << endl; 63 exit(-1); 64 } 65 for (int i = 0; i <= last; i++) 66 { 67 lists[i] = p.lists[i]; 68 } 69 } 70 71 template <typename T> 72 seqlist<T>::~seqlist() 73 { 74 cout << "free memory." << endl; 75 delete [] lists; 76 } 77 78 template <typename T> 79 int seqlist<T>::lengthlist(void) 80 { 81 return last + 1; 82 } 83 84 template <typename T> 85 int seqlist<T>::listsize(void) 86 { 87 return maxsize; 88 } 89 90 template <typename T> 91 int seqlist<T>::searchlist(T t) 92 { 93 if (!isempty()) 94 { 95 cout << "search data=" << t << endl; 96 for (int i = 0; i <= last; i++) 97 if (t - lists[i] < 0.00000001) 98 return i + 1; 99 } 100 return -1; 101 } 102 103 template <typename T> 104 bool seqlist<T>::getdata(int i, T & t) 105 { 106 if (i > 0 && i <= last + 1) 107 { 108 t = lists[i - 1]; 109 return true; 110 } 111 else 112 return false; 113 } 114 115 template <typename T> 116 bool seqlist<T>::setdata(int i, T t) 117 { 118 if (i >= 1 && i <= last + 1) 119 { 120 lists[i - 1] = t; 121 return true; 122 } 123 else 124 return false; 125 } 126 127 template <typename T> 128 bool seqlist<T>::insertdate(T t) 129 { 130 if (isfull()) 131 { 132 cout << "The lists is full!" << endl; 133 return false; 134 } 135 else 136 { 137 lists[last + 1] = t; 138 last++; 139 return true; 140 } 141 } 142 143 template <typename T> 144 bool seqlist<T>::removedate(int i, T & t) 145 { 146 if (isempty()) 147 { 148 cout << "the lists is empty!" << endl; 149 return false; 150 } 151 else if (i > 0 && i <= last + 1) 152 { 153 t = lists[i - 1]; 154 for (int j = i; j <= last + 1; j++) 155 lists[j - 1] = lists[j]; 156 last--; 157 return true; 158 } 159 else 160 { 161 cout << "incorrect number!" << endl; 162 return false; 163 } 164 } 165 166 template <typename T> 167 bool seqlist<T>::isempty(void) 168 { 169 // cout << "last" << last << endl; 170 return (last == -1) ? true : false; 171 } 172 173 template <typename T> 174 bool seqlist<T>::isfull(void) 175 { 176 return (last == maxsize - 1) ? true : false; 177 } 178 179 template <typename T> 180 void seqlist<T>::sortlist(void) 181 { 182 if (isempty()) 183 cout << "lists do not need to sort." << endl; 184 else 185 for (int i = 0; i < last; i++) 186 { 187 int k = i; 188 for (int j = i + 1; j < last + 1; j++) 189 if (lists[j] < lists [k]) 190 k = j; 191 if (k != i) 192 { 193 T temp = lists[i]; 194 lists[i] = lists[k]; 195 lists[k] = temp; 196 } 197 } 198 } 199 200 int main(void) 201 { 202 int x1 = 0, x2 = 0 , x3 = 42 ; 203 double y1 = 97.2775, y2 = 0, y3 = 0 ; 204 bool status; 205 206 seqlist<int> seq1(30); 207 for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) 208 seq1.insertdate(rand() % 998); 209 cout << "排序前：" << endl; 210 for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) 211 { 212 seq1.getdata(i + 1, x2); 213 cout.fill('0'); 214 cout << "list[" << setw(2) << i + 1 << "]=" << setw(3) << x2 << " "; 215 if ((i + 1) % 5 == 0) 216 cout << endl; 217 } 218 seq1.sortlist(); 219 cout << endl; 220 cout << "排序后：" << endl; 221 for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) 222 { 223 seq1.getdata(i + 1, x2); 224 cout.fill('0'); 225 cout << "list[" << setw(2) << i + 1 << "]=" << setw(3) << x2 << " "; 226 if ((i + 1) % 5 == 0) 227 cout << endl; 228 } 229 cout << endl; 230 x1 = seq1.listsize(); 231 cout << "lists seq1 size:" << x1 << endl; 232 status = seq1.isempty(); 233 if (!status) 234 cout << "lists seq1 is not empty." << endl; 235 236 x1 = seq1.lengthlist(); 237 cout << "lists seq1 length:" << x1 << endl; 238 x1 = seq1.searchlist(x3); 239 cout << "lists seq1 search:" << x1 << endl; 240 241 cout << endl << endl; 242 cout << "building seq2." << endl; 243 seqlist<double> seq2(30); 244 for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) 245 seq2.insertdate(rand() / (double)(RAND_MAX / 100)); 246 247 status = seq2.isfull(); 248 if (status) 249 cout << "lists seq2 is full." << endl; 250 cout << endl; 251 252 for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) 253 { 254 seq2.getdata(i + 1, y2); 255 cout << "list[" << setw(2) << i + 1 << "]=" << setw(7) << y2 << " "; 256 if ((i + 1) % 5 == 0) 257 cout << endl; 258 } 259 260 cout << endl; 261 262 x1 = seq2.lengthlist(); 263 cout << "lists seq2 length:" << x1 << endl; 264 265 x1 = seq2.searchlist(y1); 266 cout << "lists seq2 search:" << x1 << endl; 267 268 seq2.setdata(7, 99); 269 seq2.getdata(7, y2); 270 cout << "seq2 setdata=" << y2 << endl; 271 272 seq2.removedate(7, y3); 273 cout << "remove data=" << y3 << endl; 274 cout << endl; 275 for (int i = 0; i < 19; i++) 276 { 277 seq2.getdata(i + 1, y2); 278 cout << "list[" << setw(2) << i + 1 << "]=" << setw(7) << y2 << " "; 279 if ((i + 1) % 5 == 0) 280 cout << endl; 281 } 282 283 cout << endl; 284 cout << endl; 285 286 seqlist<int> seq3(seq1); 287 for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) 288 { 289 seq1.getdata(i + 1, x2); 290 cout.fill('0'); 291 cout << "list[" << setw(2) << i + 1 << "]=" << setw(3) << x2 << " "; 292 if ((i + 1) % 5 == 0) 293 cout << endl; 294 } 295 296 return 0; 297 }