办公自动化--python-pptx

安装

• pip install python-pptx

python操作pptx文件

from pptx import Presentation

创建ppt文件

prs = Presentation()    # 创建ppt文件
prs.save('texst01_ppt.pptx')    # 保存ppt文件

创建副件

prs1 = Presentation('texst01_ppt.pptx')
prs1.save('texst01_ppt副件.pptx')

操作幻灯片

from pptx import Presentation

prs = Presentation()
slide_layout = prs.slide_layouts[1]  # 选择版式
slide_01 = prs.slides.add_slide(slide_layout)   # 应用版式
shapes = slide_01.shapes
prs.save('test02_ppt.pptx')

形状学习和颜色

from pptx import Presentation
from pptx.util import Inches,Pt
from pptx.enum.shapes import MSO_SHAPE
from pptx.dml.color import RGBColor
from pptx.enum.dml import MSO_THEME_COLOR

prs = Presentation()
slide_layout = prs.slide_layouts[1]
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(slide_layout)
shapes = slide.shapes
# shapes.add_shape??  autoshape_type_id,left,top,width,height
left = top = width = height = Inches(1)

查看一英尺

length = Inches(1)
print(length,length.cm,length.pt)
length2 = Pt(72)
print(length2)

添加圆角矩形并设置长宽和在ppt的位置

shape = shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.ROUNDED_RECTANGLE,left,top,width,height)

颜色填充

left = top = width = height = Inches(2)
shape_02 = shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.ROUNDED_RECTANGLE,left,top,width,height)
fill = shape_02.fill    # 设置填充色
fill.solid()    # 实心填充
fill.fore_color.rgb = RGBColor(255,0,0)

设置形状颜色填充

left = top =width = height = Inches(4)
shape_03 = shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.ROUNDED_RECTANGLE,left,top,width,height)
fill_03 = shape_03.fill
fill_03.solid()
fill_03.fore_color.theme_color = MSO_THEME_COLOR.ACCENT_1   # 设置主题颜色
fill_03.fore_color.brightness = -0.25 # 设置亮度

设置背景色

left = top =width = height = Inches(8)
shape_04 = shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.ROUNDED_RECTANGLE,left,top,width,height)
shape_04.fill.background()

设置轮廓颜色

slide_layout_02 = prs.slide_layouts[0]
slide_02 = prs.slides.add_slide(slide_layout_02)
shapes_02 = slide_02.shapes

设置图片轮廓

left = top =width = height = Inches(4)
shape_03 = shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.ROUNDED_RECTANGLE,left,top,width,height)

设置边框

line = shape_02.line
line.color.rgb = RGBColor(255,0,0)  # 设置边框颜色
line.color.brithtness = 0.5    #设置边框的通透度
line.width = Pt(2.5)    # 设置边框宽度
line.color.theme_color = MSO_THEME_COLOR.ACCENT_1   # 将边框设置为主题色
line.fill.background()  # 设置边框为透明色

保存

prs.save('test03_ppt.pptx')

占位符

from pptx import Presentation

prs = Presentation()
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(prs.slide_layouts[8])
# 输出slide中的每个占位符的索引和名字
for shape in slide.placeholders:
    print(shape.placeholder_format.idx,shape.name)
# 知道索引后也可以这样访问名称
print(slide.palceholder[1])

for shape in slide.shapes:
    if shape.is_placeholder:
        phf = shape.placeholder_format
        print(phf.index,phf.type)

slide_02 = prs.slides.add_slide(prs.slide_layouts[8])
place_holder = slide_02.placeholders[1]
# print(place_holder.name)
# print(place_holder.placeholder_format.type)
picture = place_holder.insert_picture('壁纸.jpg')
prs.save('test04_ppt.pptx')

文本框

from pptx import Presentation
from pptx.enum.text import MSO_VERTICAL_ANCHOR,MSO_AUTO_SIZE
from pptx.util import Inches,Pt
from pptx.enum.dml import MSO_THEME_COLOR

prs = Presentation()
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(prs.slide_layouts[1])
shapes = slide.shapes
for shape in shapes:
    if not shape.has_text_frame:    # 判断如果说形状没有文本框，跳出，进行下一次循环
        continue
    text_frame = shape.text_frame
    print(text_frame)

访问段落

para_strs = [
    'Egg,bacon,sausage and spam',
    'spam,bacon,sausage and spam',
    'spam,egg,spam,spam,bacon and spam'
]
for shape in shapes:
    if not shape.has_text_frame:
        continue
    text_frame = shape.text_frame  # 因为文本框中时常有自带的段落，所以我们首先需清空文本框
    text_frame.clear()  # 清空文本框
    para = text_frame.paragraphs[0] # 获取索引为0的段落
    print(para)
    para.text = para_strs[0]    # 将第一条数据放置段落1中
    run = para.add_run()
    run.text = 'hello world'
    for para_str in para_strs[1:]:  # 取出第一条下面的所有数据
        p = text_frame.add_paragraph()
        p.text = para_str

文本框格式

slide_02 = prs.slides.add_slide(prs.slide_layouts[1])
shapes = slide_02.shapes
shape = shapes[0]
text_frame = shape.text_frame
text_frame.text = 'hello world bababbababbababa'
text_frame.margin_bottom = Inches(0.08) # 设置下边距
text_frame.vertical_anchor = MSO_VERTICAL_ANCHOR.TOP # 垂直方向顶锚点
text_frame.word_wrap = False    # True 允许自动换行  False不允许自动换行
text_frame.auto_size = MSO_AUTO_SIZE.SHAPE_TO_FIT_TEXT  # 文本框自适应字体大小
text_frame_02 = shapes[1].text_frame
text_frame_02.clear()
p = text_frame_02.paragraphs[0]
run = p.add_run()
run.text = 'how are you,I am study python'

设置颜色

font = run.font
font.name = 'Calibri'   # 设置字体样式
font.size = Pt(15)    # 设置字体大小
font.blod = True  # 设置字体石否加粗 True 加粗 False 不加粗 None 保持原有设置
font.italic = None # 字体是否倾斜 True 倾斜 False 不倾斜 None 保持原有设置
font.color.theme_color = MSO_THEME_COLOR.ACCENT_1 # 设置字体主题颜色
prs.save('text05_ppt.pptx')

操作图表

导入库

from pptx import Presentation
from pptx.util import Inches,Pt
from pptx.chart.data import CategoryChartData
from pptx.enum.chart import XL_CHART_TYPE, XL_LABEL_POSITION

插入柱状图

prs = Presentation()
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(prs.slide_layouts[5])
char_data = CategoryChartData()
char_data.categories = ['Apple','banana','cherry']  # x轴的分类
char_data.add_series('sales',(20,30,10))
left = Inches(2)
top = Inches(2)
width = Inches(6)
height = Inches(5)
slide.shapes.add_chart(
    XL_CHART_TYPE.COLUMN_CLUSTERED, # 图表类型为簇状柱形图
    x=left, y=top,    # 图表区左上角在幻灯片中的坐标位置
    cx=width,  cy=height,     # 图表区的长和宽
    chart_data=char_data    # 图表数据

)
prs.save('text06-chart01.pptx')

创建折线图

prs_02 = Presentation()
slide_02 = prs_02.slides.add_slide(prs_02.slide_layouts[5])
chart_data02 = CategoryChartData()  # 图表数据
chart_data02.categories = ['Q1 sales','Q2 sales','Q3 sales']
chart_data02.add_series('Apple',(30,25,40))
chart_data02.add_series('banana',(25,30,40))
chart_data02.add_series('cherry',(40,25,30))
chart = slide_02.shapes.add_chart(
    XL_CHART_TYPE.LINE,left,top,width,height,chart_data02
)
chart.has_legend = True
prs_02.save('test06_chart02.pptx')

扇形图

prs_03 = Presentation()
slide_03 = prs_03.slides.add_slide(prs_03.slide_layouts[5])
char_data03 = CategoryChartData()
char_data03.categories = ['Q1', 'Q2', 'Q3']
char_data03.add_series('Q1 sales',[0.5,0.3,0.2])
chart_03 = slide_03.shapes.add_chart(
    XL_CHART_TYPE.PIE,left,top,width,height,char_data03
)
chart = chart_03.chart
plot = chart.plots[0]
# 设置数据标签
plot.has_data_labels = True    # 显示数据标签
data_labels = plot.data_labels    # 获取数据标签控制类
data_labels.show_category_name = True    # 是否显示类别名称
data_labels.show_value = False    # 是否显示值
data_labels.show_percentage = True    # 是否显示百分比
data_labels.number_format = '0.0%'    # 标签的数字格式
data_labels.position = XL_LABEL_POSITION.INSIDE_END    # 标签位置
data_labels.font.name = 'Arial'
data_labels.font.size = Pt(14)

# 设置图表标题
chart.has_title = True    # 显示标题
para = chart.chart_title.text_frame.add_paragraph()
para.text = '销量占比'    # 标题内容
para.font.size = Pt(16)    # 字体大小

prs_03.save('test06_chart03.pptx')

添加表格

from pptx import Presentation
from pptx.util import Inches

prs_04 = Presentation()
slide_04 = prs_04.slides.add_slide(prs_04.slide_layouts[5])
x,y,cx,cy = Inches(2),Inches(2),Inches(4),Inches(1.5)
shape = slide_04.shapes.add_table(3,3,x,y,cx,cy)

print(shape.has_table)  # 判断是否有表格
table = shape.table
cell = table.cell(0,0)
cell.text = 'Apple'
prs_04.save('test07_tb.pptx')

练习

导入库

from pptx import Presentation

练习01

prs = Presentation()
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(prs.slide_layouts[0])
title = slide.shapes.title
title.text = 'Hello World'
subtitle = slide.placeholders[1]
subtitle.text = 'Welcome python-pptx'
prs.save('test1.pptx')

练习02

slide_02 = prs.slides.add_slide(prs.slide_layouts[1])
shapes = slide_02.shapes
title_shape = shapes.title
body_shape = shapes.placeholders[1]
title_shape.text = '添加bullet shape'
tf = body_shape.text_frame
tf.text = '定位到bullet 幻灯片'
p = tf.add_paragraph()
p.text = '使用文本框'
p.level = 1
p = tf.add_paragraph()
p.text = '使用文本框的二级'
p.level = 2
prs.save('text1.pptx')

插入图片

from pptx import Presentation
from pptx.util import Inches

prs = Presentation()
blank_layout = prs.slide_layouts[6]
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(blank_layout)
# slide.shapes.add_picture??
left = top = Inches(1)
img_path = '壁纸.jpg'
slide.shapes.add_picture(
    img_path,left,top
)
prs.save('text2.pptx')

添加形状（五边形）

from pptx import Presentation
from pptx.util import Inches
from pptx.enum.shapes import MSO_AUTO_SHAPE_TYPE

prs = Presentation()
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(prs.slide_layouts[5])
shapes = slide.shapes
shapes.title.text = '添加形状'
left = Inches(0.93)
top = Inches(3)
width = Inches(1.75)
height = Inches(1)
# shapes.add_shape??
shape = shapes.add_shape(MSO_AUTO_SHAPE_TYPE.PENTAGON,left,top,width,height)  # 添加五边形
shape.text = 'step'
'''
如何在第一个五边形后边添加V型
- 添加第一个
- 通过for循环改变其内容以及位置
'''
left = left + width - Inches(0.4)
width = Inches(2)
for n in range(2,6):
    shape = shapes.add_shape(MSO_AUTO_SHAPE_TYPE.CHEVRON,left,top,width,height)   # 创建v型图
    shape.text = 'step %d '%n # 每个V型的图片的内容填充
    left  = left + width - Inches(0.4)  # 每个图片的位置进行累加 往右移动
    prs.save('test3_shape.pptx')

读取幻灯片内容

from pptx import Presentation

prs = Presentation(r'python-ppt\text1.pptx')  # 打开text1.pptx文件
text_runs = []
for slide in prs.slides:
    for shape in slide.shapes:
        if not shape.has_text_frame:
            continue
        for para in shape.text_frame.paragraphs:
            for run in para.runs:
                text_runs.append(run.text)
print(text_runs)