利用BBED恢复UPDATE改动前的值
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实验步骤例如以下：
1、创建表guo_test1
gyj@PROD> create table guoyJoe_t1(id int,name varchar2(10)); Table created. gyj@PROD> insert into guoyJoe_t1 values(1,'guoyJoe'); 1 row created. gyj@PROD> insert into guoyJoe_t1 values(1,'tom'); 1 row created. gyj@PROD> COMMIT; Commit complete.
2、查出这行记录的DBA
gyj@PROD> select name,dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid) file#,dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) block#,dbms_rowid.rowid_row_number(rowid) row# from guoyJoe_t1; NAME FILE# BLOCK# ROW# ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- guoyJoe 5 20877 0 tom 5 20877 1
3、刷数据缓存
gyj@PROD> alter system flush buffer_cache; System altered.
4、利用BBED找到这行记录（改动前的值：guoyJoe）
BBED> BBED> set file 5 block 20877
FILE# 5
BLOCK# 20877
--观察行头
BBED> p kdbr
sb2 kdbr[0] @118 8074
sb2 kdbr[1] @120 8064
BBED> p *kdbr[0]
rowdata[10]
-----------
ub1 rowdata[10] @8174 0x2c
--观察事务
BBBED> x /rnc
rowdata[10] @8174
-----------
flag@8174: 0x2c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFH)
lock@8175: 0x01
cols@8176: 2
col 0[2] @8177: 1
col 1[7] @8180: guoyJoe
---观察空间
BBED> p kdbhavsp
sb2 kdbhavsp @110 8042
BBED> p kdbhtosp
sb2 kdbhtosp @112 8042
5、发生UPDATE语句，把原来的值guoyJoe改动成oracledba
gyj@PROD> update guoyJoe_t1 set name='oracledba' where name='guoyJoe'; 1 row updated. gyj@PROD> commit; Commit complete
6、刷数据缓存
gyj@PROD> alter system flush buffer_cache; System altered.
7、利用BBED找到这行被改动后的记录（改动后的值上：oracledba）
BBED> set file 5 block 20877
FILE# 5
BLOCK# 20877
--观察行头
BBED> p kdbr
sb2 kdbr[0] @118 8048
sb2 kdbr[1] @120 8064
BBED> p *kdbr[0]
rowdata[0]
----------
ub1 rowdata[0] @8148 0x2c
--观察事务
BBED> x /rnc
rowdata[0] @8148
----------
flag@8148: 0x2c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFH)
lock@8149: 0x01
cols@8150: 2
col 0[2] @8151: 1
col 1[9] @8154: oracledba
---观察空间
BBED> p kdbhavsp
sb2 kdbhavsp @110 8040
BBED> p kdbhtosp
sb2 kdbhtosp @112 8040
8、对照改动前与改动后的数据
BBED> d /v offset 8174 count 16 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/tp01.dbf (5) Block: 20877 Offsets: 8174 to 8189 Dba:0x0140518d ------------------------------------------------------- 2c000202 c1020767 756f794a 6f650106 l ,...á..guoyJoe.. BBED> d /v offset 8148 count 16 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/tp01.dbf (5) Block: 20877 Offsets: 8148 to 8163 Dba:0x0140518d ------------------------------------------------------- 2c010202 c102096f 7261636c 65646261 l ,...á..oracledba
9、開始恢复
（1）改动row directory指针位置（@118）
--改动前
BBED> p kdbr
sb2 kdbr[0] @118 8074
--改动后
BBED> p kdbr
sb2 kdbr[0] @118 8048
gyj@PROD> select to_char('8074','xxxxxxxxxxxxxx') from dual;
TO_CHAR('8074',
---------------
1f8a
gyj@PROD> select to_char('8048','xxxxxxxxxxxxxx') from dual;
TO_CHAR('8048',
---------------
1f70
BBED> d /v offset 118 count 16
File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/tp01.dbf (5)
Block: 20877 Offsets: 118 to 133 Dba:0x0140518d
-------------------------------------------------------
701f801f 00000000 00000000 00000000 l p...............
BBED> modify /x 8a offset 118
Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) Y
File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/tp01.dbf (5)
Block: 20877 Offsets: 118 to 133 Dba:0x0140518d
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8a1f801f 00000000 00000000 00000000
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 5, Block 20877:
current = 0x8a00, required = 0x8a00
BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/tp01.dbf
BLOCK = 20877
Block Checking: DBA = 20992397, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
data header at 0x7f76ff66e264
kdbchk: xaction header lock count mismatch ----事务锁报错
trans=1 ilk=1 nlo=0
Block 20877 failed with check code 6108
DBVERIFY - Verification complete
Total Blocks Examined : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Failing (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt : 0
Total Blocks Influx : 0
Message 531 not found; product=RDBMS; facility=BBED
（2）接下来改动事务锁
---把更新前值的事务锁标记从00改为01
BBBED> x /rnc
rowdata[10] @8174
-----------
flag@8174: 0x2c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFH)
lock@8175: 0x01
cols@8176: 2
BBED> d /v offset 8175 count 16
File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/tp01.dbf (5)
Block: 20877 Offsets: 8175 to 8190 Dba:0x0140518d
-------------------------------------------------------
000202c1 02076775 6f794a6f 6501066f l ...á..guoyJoe..o
BBED> modify /x 01 offset 8175
File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/tp01.dbf (5)
Block: 20861 Offsets: 8175 to 8190 Dba:0x0140517d
------------------------------------------------------------------------
010202c1 02076775 6f794a6f 650106ed
--把更新后值的事务锁标识01改为00
BBED> x /rnc
rowdata[0] @8148
----------
flag@8148: 0x2c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFH)
lock@8149: 0x01
cols@8150: 2
BBED> d /v offset 8149 count 16
File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/tp01.dbf (5)
Block: 20877 Offsets: 8149 to 8164 Dba:0x0140518d
-------------------------------------------------------
010202c1 02096f72 61636c65 6462612c l ...á..oracledba,
BBED> modify /x 00 offset 8149
File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/tp01.dbf (5)
Block: 20861 Offsets: 8159 to 8174 Dba:0x0140517d
------------------------------------------------------------------------
000202c1 02096f72 61636c65 6462612c
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 5, Block 20877:
current = 0x8a00, required = 0x8a00
BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/tp01.dbf
BLOCK = 20877
Block Checking: DBA = 20992397, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
data header at 0x7cb464
kdbchk: the amount of space used is not equal to block size
used=46 fsc=0 avsp=8040 dtl=8088
---提示数据块的空间使用不对（dtl-used=kdbhavsp=kdbhtosp）
8088-46=8042 与 avsp=8040相关2,也就是说我要恢复到8042
(3)改动空间，把空间改动为6a1f,以dtl-used=kdbhavsp为主
gyj@PROD> select to_char('8042','xxxxxxxxxxxxxx') from dual;
TO_CHAR('8042',
---------------
1f6a
BBED> modify /x 6a1f offset 110
File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/tp01.dbf (5)
Block: 20877 Offsets: 110 to 125 Dba:0x0140518d
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6a1f681f 00000200 8a1f801f 00000000
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> modify /x 6a1f offset 112
File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/tp01.dbf (5)
Block: 20877 Offsets: 112 to 127 Dba:0x0140518d
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6a1f0000 02008a1f 801f0000 00000000
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 5, Block 20877:
current = 0x8a00, required = 0x8a00
BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/tp01.dbf
BLOCK = 20877
DBVERIFY - Verification complete
Total Blocks Examined : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Failing (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt : 0
Total Blocks Influx : 0
Message 531 not found; product=RDBMS; facility=BBED
10、恢复成功（oracledba--->guoyJoe）
gyj@PROD> alter system flush buffer_cache; System altered. gyj@PROD> select name,dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid) file#,dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) block#,dbms_rowid.rowid_row_number(rowid) row# from guoyJoe_t1 where id=1; NAME FILE# BLOCK# ROW# ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- guoyJoe 5 20877 0 tom 5 20877 1
实际上用BBED恢复UPDATE前的值不难，主要是要了解内部原理和块格式
总结例如以下：
（1）改动行头
（2）改动事务
（3）改动空间