使用Visifire+ArcGIS API for Silverlight实现Graphic信息的动态图表显示

原文: 使用Visifire+ArcGIS API for Silverlight实现Graphic信息的动态图表显示

  首先来看一看实现的效果:

获取 Microsoft Silverlight

PS:原始的程序中更新曲线数据时添加了过渡的效果,具体可查看官网的示例:

http://www.visifire.com/silverlight_spline_charts_gallery.php

点击其中的一个例子,然后点击Live Updates,就可看到数据更新时的过渡效果。但是蛋疼的博客园,不知道为什么,我插入了我原始的xap文件,过渡效果却没有了,每次更新数据时,曲线直接就出来了(中间没有过渡行为),开始的时候以为是上传后xap文件有可能发生了变化,或者进行压缩什么的,或者浏览器解析什么的,于是我把上传到博客园的xap文件又下载下来,然后嵌入到一个htm页面中,发现还是有过度效果的,但是为什么在博客园的日志中就没有呢?整了好久还是没有整明白,求解释!

 

下面来看看具体实现的过程吧:

首先需要添加SLVisifire.Charts,FJ.Core的引用。然后开始我们正式的工作:

1.定义一个Chart,该Chart即为显示的图表,以及定义一个Timer,用于定时刷新数据。

        Chart chart;                                       

        Random rand = new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond);    

        System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherTimer timer = new 

        System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherTimer();

2.定义一个方法:CreateChart实例化Chart,并完成Chart的相关设置(如:高,宽,曲线样式等等)

        /// <summary>

        /// Function to create a Visifire Chart

        /// </summary>

        public void CreateChart()

        {

            try

            {

                // Create a new instance of a Chart

                chart = new Chart();

                //添加X,Y坐标的描述

                Axis axisX = new Axis()

                {

                    Title = "月份",

                    FontSize = 18,

                };

                chart.AxesX.Add(axisX);



                Axis axisY = new Axis()

                {

                    Title = "实时监测值",

                    FontSize = 16,

                };

                chart.AxesY.Add(axisY);



                // 设置图表的高宽

                chart.Width = 640;

                chart.Height = 300;



                //Line数据更新时的过渡效果

                chart.AnimatedUpdate = true;



                // 定义DatatSeries实例,即一条曲线

                DataSeries dataSeries1 = new DataSeries();

                DataSeries dataSeries2 = new DataSeries();

                //只有当Series的个数大于等于2个时Lenged才会生效

                dataSeries1.LegendText = "CO2";

                dataSeries2.LegendText = "SO2";

                // 设置DataSeries样式

                dataSeries1.RenderAs = RenderAs.Spline;

                dataSeries2.RenderAs = RenderAs.Spline;

                // 定义数据点

                DataPoint dataPoint1;

                DataPoint dataPoint2;

                for (int i = 1; i <= 12; i++)

                {

                    // 实例化数据点

                    dataPoint1= new DataPoint();

                    dataPoint2 = new DataPoint();

                    //设置数据值

                    dataPoint1.YValue = rand.Next(0, 99);

                    dataPoint2.YValue = rand.Next(0, 99);

                    //设置X轴显示名称

                    dataPoint1.AxisXLabel = string.Format("{0} 月", i);

                    dataPoint2.AxisXLabel = string.Format("{0} 月", i);

                    // 添加数据点

                    dataSeries1.DataPoints.Add(dataPoint1);

                    dataSeries2.DataPoints.Add(dataPoint2);

                }



                // 将DataSeries(曲线)添加到Chart中

                chart.Series.Add(dataSeries1);

                chart.Series.Add(dataSeries2);

                // 注册Chart Loaded事件,在该事件中设置Timer的间断值及注册Timer Tick事件

                chart.Loaded += new RoutedEventHandler(chart_Loaded);

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());

            }

        }

3.我们看到在创建Chart中注册了Loaded事件,在该事件的完成函数我们设置Timer的间断值及注册Timer Tick事件

     void chart_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

        {

            timer.Tick += new EventHandler(timer_Tick);

            timer.Interval = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 0, 2000);

        }
        /// <summary>

        /// Event handler for Tick event of Dispatcher Timer

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="sender">System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherTimer</param>

        /// <param name="e">EventArgs</param>

        void timer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            for (Int32 i = 0; i < 12; i++)

            {

                // 更新曲线数据

                chart.Series[0].DataPoints[i].YValue = rand.Next(0, 99); 

                chart.Series[1].DataPoints[i].YValue = rand.Next(20, 80); 

            }

        }

4.这里我们再写一个方法:AddChartToMapLayer,该方法用来将Chart添加到地图中

        /// <summary>

        /// Add Chart to Map

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="chart">Chart</param>

        /// <param name="position">Position</param>

        public void AddChartToMapLayer(Chart chart, Graphic position)

        {

            ElementLayer chartlayer = new ElementLayer();

            chartlayer.ID = "ChartLayer";

            chartlayer.Opacity = 1;

            if (Map.Layers["ChartLayer"] != null)

            {

                Map.Layers.Remove(Map.Layers["ChartLayer"]);

            }



            chart.Titles.Add(new Title()

            {

                Text=string.Format("City: {0}",position.Attributes["CITY_NAME"].ToString ())

            });



            //获得Graphic的中心坐标

            ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Geometry.Geometry geometry=position.Geometry;

            MapPoint mapPoint=new MapPoint ((geometry.Extent.XMax+geometry.Extent.XMin)/2,(geometry.Extent.YMax+geometry.Extent.YMin)/2);

          

            //获得图层X,Y方向对应的比例

            double cell_X = (Map.Extent.XMax - Map.Extent.XMin) / Map.ActualWidth;

            double cell_Y = (Map.Extent.YMax - Map.Extent.YMin) / Map.ActualHeight;



            //Chart的宽度为500所以,Chart的中心则位于宽度等于250的位置,将Chart向右移动,以防Chart覆盖Graphic

            Envelope extent = new Envelope(mapPoint.X + (320 + 20) * cell_X, mapPoint.Y, mapPoint.X + (320 + 20) * cell_X, mapPoint.Y);

            //设置ElementLayer的外包范围

            ElementLayer.SetEnvelope(chart, extent);

            chartlayer.Children.Add(chart);

            Map.Layers.Add(chartlayer);

        }

现在准备工作已经完成,下面就调用这些方法来实现上述的功能,我们大体的功能过程是:

当鼠标移入Graphic是就显示其对应的Chart,移除的移除Chart,这里我们注册一下FeatureLayer的MouseEnter和MouseLeave事件就行,我们再后台的XAML中注册这两个事件。

     <esri:FeatureLayer ID="MyFeatureLayer"

                    Url="http://sampleserver1.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Specialty/ESRI_StatesCitiesRivers_USA/MapServer/0" 

                    Where="POP1990 > 500000"

                                       MouseEnter="FeatureLayer_MouseEnter"

                                       MouseLeave="FeatureLayer_MouseLeave"

                                       Renderer="{StaticResource MySimplePointRenderer}"/>

最后在后台添加如下代码:

   private void FeatureLayer_MouseEnter(object sender, GraphicMouseEventArgs e)

        {

            //绘制Chart

            CreateChart();

            //将Chart添加到Map

            AddChartToMapLayer(chart, e.Graphic);

            //启动Timer,定时刷新数据

            timer.Start();

        }



        private void FeatureLayer_MouseLeave(object sender, GraphicMouseEventArgs e)

        {

            //停止Timer

            timer.Stop();

            //移除ElementLayer

            if (Map.Layers["ChartLayer"] != null)

            {

                Map.Layers.Remove(Map.Layers["ChartLayer"]);

            }

        }

后台的XAML代码:

View Code
<UserControl x:Class="SilverlightChartDemo.MainPage"

    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"

    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"

              xmlns:vsm="clr-namespace:System.Windows;assembly=System.Windows"

    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"

    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"

   xmlns:vc="clr-namespace:Visifire.Charts;assembly=SLVisifire.Charts"

    mc:Ignorable="d"

    d:DesignHeight="300" d:DesignWidth="400" xmlns:esri="http://schemas.esri.com/arcgis/client/2009">



    <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="White">

        <Grid.Resources>

            <esri:SimpleRenderer x:Key="MySimplePointRenderer">

                <esri:SimpleRenderer.Symbol>

                    <esri:SimpleMarkerSymbol Size="15" Style="Circle">

                        <esri:SimpleMarkerSymbol.ControlTemplate>

                            <ControlTemplate>

                                <Grid x:Name="RootElement" RenderTransformOrigin="0.5,0.5" Width="15" Height="15">

                                    <Grid.RenderTransform>

                                        <ScaleTransform x:Name="customEnlargeRotatingMarkerSymbolScale" ScaleX="1" ScaleY="1" />

                                    </Grid.RenderTransform>

                                    <Grid.Resources>

                                        <DropShadowEffect x:Key="customEnlargeRotatingMarkerSymbolEffect" />

                                    </Grid.Resources>

                                    <vsm:VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>

                                        <vsm:VisualStateGroup x:Name="CommonStates">

                                            <vsm:VisualState x:Name="Normal">

                                                <Storyboard>

                                                    <DoubleAnimation BeginTime="00:00:00" Storyboard.TargetName="customEnlargeRotatingMarkerSymbolScale" Storyboard.TargetProperty="ScaleX" To="1" Duration="0:0:0.2" />

                                                    <DoubleAnimation BeginTime="00:00:00" Storyboard.TargetName="customEnlargeRotatingMarkerSymbolScale" Storyboard.TargetProperty="ScaleY" To="1" Duration="0:0:0.2" />

                                                    <DoubleAnimation BeginTime="00:00:00" Storyboard.TargetName="customEnlargeRotatingMarkerSymbolRotate" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Angle" To="360" Duration="0:0:0.2" />

                                                    <DoubleAnimation BeginTime="00:00:00" Storyboard.TargetName="ellipse" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Effect).(DropShadowEffect.ShadowDepth)" To="2" Duration="0:0:0.2" />

                                                </Storyboard>

                                            </vsm:VisualState>

                                            <vsm:VisualState x:Name="MouseOver">

                                                <Storyboard>

                                                    <DoubleAnimation BeginTime="00:00:00" Storyboard.TargetName="customEnlargeRotatingMarkerSymbolScale" Storyboard.TargetProperty="ScaleX" To="2" Duration="0:0:0.2" />

                                                    <DoubleAnimation BeginTime="00:00:00" Storyboard.TargetName="customEnlargeRotatingMarkerSymbolScale" Storyboard.TargetProperty="ScaleY" To="2" Duration="0:0:0.2" />

                                                    <DoubleAnimation BeginTime="00:00:00" Storyboard.TargetName="customEnlargeRotatingMarkerSymbolRotate" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Angle" To="0" Duration="0:0:0.2" />

                                                    <DoubleAnimation BeginTime="00:00:00" Storyboard.TargetName="ellipse" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Effect).(DropShadowEffect.ShadowDepth)" To="5" Duration="0:0:0.2" />

                                                </Storyboard>

                                            </vsm:VisualState>

                                        </vsm:VisualStateGroup>

                                    </vsm:VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>

                                    <Ellipse x:Name="ellipse" Width="15" Height="15" Fill="Green" Stroke="White" StrokeThickness="2" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Effect="{StaticResource customEnlargeRotatingMarkerSymbolEffect}"></Ellipse>

                                    <Canvas x:Name="RotateCanvas" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="15" Height="15" RenderTransformOrigin="0.5,0.5">

                                        <Canvas.Clip>

                                            <EllipseGeometry RadiusX="7.5" RadiusY="7.5" Center="7.5,7.5" />

                                        </Canvas.Clip>

                                        <Canvas.RenderTransform>

                                            <RotateTransform x:Name="customEnlargeRotatingMarkerSymbolRotate" Angle="360" />

                                        </Canvas.RenderTransform>

                                        <Line Stroke="White" StrokeThickness="2" X1="0" Y1="0" X2="15" Y2="15" />

                                        <Line Stroke="White" StrokeThickness="2" X1="0" Y1="15" X2="15" Y2="0" />

                                    </Canvas>

                                </Grid>

                            </ControlTemplate>

                        </esri:SimpleMarkerSymbol.ControlTemplate>

                    </esri:SimpleMarkerSymbol>



                </esri:SimpleRenderer.Symbol>

            </esri:SimpleRenderer>

        </Grid.Resources>

        <esri:Map Background="White" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" Margin="0" Grid.ColumnSpan="3" Name="Map" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" WrapAround="True" Extent="-15000000,2000000,-7000000,8000000">

            <esri:Map.Layers>

                <esri:LayerCollection>

                    <esri:ArcGISTiledMapServiceLayer Url="http://www.arcgisonline.cn/ArcGIS/rest/services/ChinaOnlineCommunity/MapServer" />

                    <esri:FeatureLayer ID="MyFeatureLayer"

                    Url="http://sampleserver1.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Specialty/ESRI_StatesCitiesRivers_USA/MapServer/0" 

                    Where="POP1990 > 500000"

                                       MouseEnter="FeatureLayer_MouseEnter"

                                       MouseLeave="FeatureLayer_MouseLeave"

                                       Renderer="{StaticResource MySimplePointRenderer}"/>

                </esri:LayerCollection>

            </esri:Map.Layers>

        </esri:Map>

       

    </Grid>

</UserControl>

这样我们便实现了上述的效果。

 

需要注意的几点:

1.Chart控件第一次加载数据的动画效果(一个点一个点添加),只能使用一次,也就是实例化Chart,加载数据时会有这样的效果,之后更新Chart控件的数据不会有类似第一次加载Chart时显示曲线动画效果,而是上面说的过渡效果。

2.注意设置Chart的AnimatedUpdate属性为True,否则数据更新时绘制曲线没有过渡的效果

3.将Chart作为ElementLayer添加到地图中,注意设置ElementLayer的显示位置。

 

 总结:

 以上的过程数据都是用Timer组件来定时生成的,当然这里也可以扩展,比如你的数据也可以是通过SQL查询得到。此外,本例没有用到数据绑定,这是因为本文的Chart是动态生成的,每次选择Graphic时都会重新生成Chart.所以没有用数据绑定。当然如果你的Chart是写死的(实例化一次),或者定义在后台的xaml中,那么建议您选择数据绑定的方式,数据绑定的方式也很简单,例如在XAML定义如下的Chart(详见Visifire documentation):

<vc:Chart Name="MyChart" Width="500" Height="300" Theme="Theme1">



    <vc:Chart.Series>



        <vc:DataSeries RenderAs="Column" DataSource="{Binding}">



            <vc:DataSeries.DataMappings>

                <vc:DataMapping MemberName="XValue" Path="Key"></vc:DataMapping>

                <vc:DataMapping MemberName="YValue" Path="Value"></vc:DataMapping>

            </vc:DataSeries.DataMappings>



        </vc:DataSeries>



    </vc:Chart.Series>



</vc:Chart>

在后台添加如下代码:

public partial class Page : UserControl

{

    public Page()

    {

        InitializeComponent();

 



        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)

        {

            values.Add(new KeyValuePair<double,double>(i, i + 1));

        }

            

        MyChart.DataContext = values;

    }



    Random rand = new Random();

    ObservableCollection<KeyValuePair<Double, Double>> values = new ObservableCollection<KeyValuePair<double, double>>();

}

这样便可以实现Chart曲线的数据绑定。

PS:有那么一段时间没有用Visifire了,很多又忘记了,以上算是自己的一个总结,同时很多人也问个类似的效果怎么做,在此和大家分享一下,鉴于时间和知识的关系,疏漏和错误在所难免,还望各位指正。

 //关于解决地图缩放时Chart偏移的问题。

1.注册Map的ExtentChanging事件,然后在事件完成函数中重新设定Elmentlayer的Envelop,代码如下:

        private void Map_ExtentChanging(object sender, ExtentEventArgs e)

        {

            double cell_X = (Map.Extent.XMax - Map.Extent.XMin) / Map.ActualWidth;

            ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Geometry.Geometry geometry = selectedGraphic.Geometry;

            MapPoint mapPoint = new MapPoint((geometry.Extent.XMax + geometry.Extent.XMin) / 2, (geometry.Extent.YMax + geometry.Extent.YMin) / 2);

            Envelope extent = new Envelope(mapPoint.X + (320 + 20) * cell_X, mapPoint.Y, mapPoint.X + (320 + 20) * cell_X, mapPoint.Y);

            Chart Mychart = chartlayer.Children[0] as Chart;

            ElementLayer.SetEnvelope(Mychart, extent);

        }

感谢8楼 vergiljzy的建议和提示,有兴趣的不妨试试采用Inforwindow的方式。

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