REHL 5.4 下编译安装LNMP（上）

此文多处从网络博文里借鉴，自己整合如下

系统平台：RHEL 5.4（32位系统）2.6.18-406.el5

yum安装相关函数库，方便快捷，节省时间，避免得不偿失。233333

gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

下载安装包

cd /usr/local/src

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/nginx/nginx-0.8.46.tar.gz \

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/php/php-5.2.14.tar.gz \

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/phpfpm/php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz \

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mysql/mysql-5.5.3-m3.tar.gz \

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz \

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz \

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz \

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/memcache/memcache-2.2.5.tgz \

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz \

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pcre/pcre-8.10.tar.gz \

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/eaccelerator/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2 \

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pdo/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz \

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz \

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/imagick-2.3.0.tgz

1.安装libiconv

对文本进行编码间的转换，用它来处理中文各种编码之间的转换。

#tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz

#cd libiconv-1.13.1/

#./configure --prefix=/usr/local

#make

#make install

cd ../

2.安装libmcrypt 实现加密功能的库。

# tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

# cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/

# ./configure

# make

# make install

# /sbin/ldconfig

# 注：这里不要退出去了。

# cd libltdl/

# ./configure --enable-ltdl-install

# make

# make install

# cd ../

3. 安装mhash(哈稀函数库)

# tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

# cd mhash-0.9.9.9/

# ./configure

# make

# make install

# cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la && ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so && ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 && ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 && ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a && ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la && ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so && ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2 && ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 && ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config

4. 安装mcrypt

# tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

# cd mcrypt-2.6.8/

# /sbin/ldconfig

#./configure

# make

# make install

# cd ../

安装mysql

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql

mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql

chown mysql:mysql -R /usr/local/mysql

tar zxvf mysql-5.5.3-m3.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.5.3-m3

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --without-debug --enable-thread-safe-client --with-pthread --enable-assembler --enable-profiling --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-extra-charsets=all --with-plugins=all --with-mysqld-user=mysql --without-embedded-server --with-server-suffix=-community --with-unix-socket-path=/tmp/mysql.sock

make && make install

#初始化数据库

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

将MySQL添加到系统服务

cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql

chkconfig --add mysql

chkconfig mysql on

#启动数据库

service mysql start                  or  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

#修改 mysql 登录密码

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password "hello"

#用 mysql 登录

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'hello';

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

#准备 mysql 配置文件

cp ./support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

#设置连接字符集添加如下两行

vi /etc/my.cnf

[client]

default-character-set=utf8

#重启 mysql 服务让字符集生效

pkill mysql or /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin shutdown  #关闭数据库

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.16 /usr/lib

建立软连接，不然编译php会报错

5. 编译安装 PHP（ FastCGI 模式）

tar zxvf php-5.2.14.tar.gz

gzip -cd php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.14 -p1

cd php-5.2.14/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \

--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \

--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib \

--with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode \

--enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl \

--with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect \

--enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash \

--enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip \

--enable-soap 

注：Nginx+PHP整合，在安装时必须启用-–enable-fastcgi和--enable-fpm

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

make install

cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

cd ../

6.准备编译安装 PHP5 扩展模块

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz

cd memcache-2.2.5/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make && make install

说明：memcache库的位置Installing shared extensions:/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/

cd ../

安装eaccelerator php加速

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2

cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make && make install

cd ../

安装PDO_MYSQL(数据库连接的支持)

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql

make && make install

cd ../

安装ImageMagick是Linux下非常强大的图象处理函数与GD类似

tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz

cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

安装imagick(连接PHP和ImageMagick的通道)

tar zxvf imagick-2.3.0.tgz

cd imagick-2.3.0/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make && make install

cd ../

7. 修改 php.ini 文件,让 php 模块生效

vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

查找

extension_dir = "./"

修改为

extension_dir="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"

并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：

extension = "memcache.so"

extension = "pdo_mysql.so"

extension = "imagick.so"

再查找output_buffering = Off

修改为output_buffering = On

去掉注释cgi.fix_pathinfo=0，防止 Nginx 文件类型错误解析漏洞

8.配置 eaccelerator 加速 PHP

mkdir -p /usr/local/eaccelerator_cache

#准备 eaccelerator 缓存目录

vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

到配置文件的最末尾，粘上以下内容:

[eaccelerator]

zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"

eaccelerator.shm_size="64"

eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/eaccelerator_cache"

eaccelerator.enable="1"

eaccelerator.optimizer="1"

eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"

eaccelerator.debug="0"

eaccelerator.filter=""

eaccelerator.shm_max="0"

eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_only="0"

eaccelerator.compress="1"

eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

9.准备 php-cgi 和 nginx 进程执行者用户

groupadd nginx

useradd -g nginx nginx

10. 创建 php-fpm 配置文件- php-fpm.conf

最好备份下/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

建立新的配置内容如下

vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

<?xml version="1.0" ?>

<configuration>

<section name="global_options">

<value name="pid_file">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>

<value name="error_log">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>

<value name="log_level">notice</value>

<value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value>

<value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value>

<value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value>

<value name="daemonize">yes</value>

</section>

<workers>

<section name="pool">

<value name="name">default</value>

<value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value>

<value name="listen_options">

<value name="backlog">-1</value>

<value name="owner"></value>

<value name="group"></value>

<value name="mode">0666</value>

</value>

<value name="php_defines">

<value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value>

<value name="display_errors">1</value>

</value>

<value name="user">nginx</value>

<value name="group">nginx</value>

<value name="pm">

<value name="style">static</value>

<value name="max_children">128</value>

<value name="apache_like">

<value name="StartServers">20</value>

<value name="MinSpareServers">5</value>

<value name="MaxSpareServers">35</value>

</value>

</value>

<value name="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value>

<value name="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value>

<value name="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value>

<value name="rlimit_files">51200</value>

<value name="rlimit_core">0</value>

<value name="chroot"></value>

<value name="chdir"></value>

<value name="catch_workers_output">yes</value>

<value name="max_requests">500</value>

<value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value>

<value name="environment">

<value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>

<value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>

<value name="TMP">/tmp</value>

<value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value>

<value name="TEMP">/tmp</value>

<value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>

<value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value>

<value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value>

</value>

</section>

</workers>

</configuration>

说明

<value name="display_errors">0</value>

#0 改成 1，页面上会输出错误日志

Unix user of processes

<value name="user">nginx</value>

Unix group of processes

<value name="group">nginx</value>

<value name="max_children">128</value>

#最大子进程数 128,如果内存小于 2G，则 64 个最佳

<value name="rlimit_files">65535</value>

# Set open file desc rlimit,同时打开的文件数,linux 系统允许同时打开的文件数为 1024,修改

linux 系统中允许同时打开的文件,ulimit -SHn 65535，而且这个参数重启后还能生效，加到

/etc/profile 全局配置文件的最后，开机就会生效,ulimit -a 查看 open files 65535

<value name="max_requests">1024</value>

#最大请求数, How much requests each process should execute before respawn.一个子进程能够

回应 1042 个请求

11. 启动 php-cgi(fastcgi)进程，监听 127.0.0.1 的 9000 端口，进程数为 128（如果服务器内

存小于 3GB，可以只开启 64 个进程），用户为 nginx：

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start