Windows Azure: 在Service Bus Brokered Messaging服务中使用Session

Service Bus Brokered Messaging(Queues和Topic/Subscription)中提供了对Session的支持。当我们需要接收方对消息集合进行处理时,或者是按照特定的顺序,或者是一个大消息体分拆成多个BrokeredMessage,或者是存在多个接收方的情况下,需要一系列消息完全由同一接收方实例处理,在这些情况下,Session机制为我们提供了很大的便利。这篇文章将以Queue为例子,介绍一下Session的使用以及如何使用Queue与Session实现Request/Response模式。。

如何使用Session

需要使用Session,首先在创建Queue的时候需要将QueueDescription的RequiresSession设置为true,然后在发送消息时将同一集合内的消息的SessionId设置成统一值。接收方不再通过QueueClient接收消息,而是通过QueueClient的AcceptMessageSession方法接受一次会话(MessageSession),再使用MessageSession接收这次会话包含的所有消息。

需要注意的是,如果Queue的RequiresSession设置为true,则接收方必须通过会话接收消息,否则会抛出InvalidOperationException(It is not possible for an entity that requires sessions to create a non-sessionful message receiver)。并且如果使用会话接收了一条消息,则这个会话内所有消息都由当前接收方接收,其他接收方无法接收这部分消息。所以谁先使用会话接收了第一条消息,则会话内所有消息就属于谁。

发送消息

创建队列

 1             string queueName = "MyQueue";
 2             NamespaceManager namespaceClient = NamespaceManager.Create();
 3             if (namespaceClient.QueueExists(queueName))
 4             {
 5                 namespaceClient.DeleteQueue(queueName);
 6             }
 7             QueueDescription queueDescription = new QueueDescription(queueName)
 8             {
 9                 RequiresSession = true
10             };
11             namespaceClient.CreateQueue(queueDescription);        

创建客户端并发送消息

 1             MessagingFactory factory = MessagingFactory.Create();
 2             QueueClient queueClient = factory.CreateQueueClient(queueName);
 3 
 4             string sessionId = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
 5             CreateAndSendOrderMessage(Guid.NewGuid().ToString(), "Beijing", queueClient, sessionId);
 6             CreateAndSendOrderMessage(Guid.NewGuid().ToString(), "Dalian", queueClient, sessionId);
 7             CreateAndSendOrderMessage(Guid.NewGuid().ToString(), "Guangzhou", queueClient, sessionId);
 8 
 9             var message = new BrokeredMessage();
10             message.Properties.Add("OrderId", Guid.NewGuid().ToString());
11             message.Properties.Add("OrderRegion", "Beijing");
12             Console.WriteLine("Sending message of Order Id:{0}, Session Id:{1}.", message.Properties["OrderId"], message.SessionId);
13 
14             Console.WriteLine();
15             Console.WriteLine("Press [Enter] to delete queue and exit.");
16             Console.ReadLine();
17             namespaceClient.DeleteQueue(queueName);
18             factory.Close();
19             queueClient.Close();
1         private static void CreateAndSendOrderMessage(string orderId, string orderRegion, QueueClient sender, string sessionId)
2         {
3             var message = new BrokeredMessage();
4             message.SessionId = sessionId;
5             message.Properties.Add("OrderId", orderId);
6             message.Properties.Add("OrderRegion", orderRegion);
7             Console.WriteLine("Sending message of Order Id:{0}, Session Id:{1}.", orderId, sessionId);
8             sender.Send(message);
9         }

 

使用Session接收消息

 

 1             string queueName = "MyQueue";
 2             MessagingFactory factory = MessagingFactory.Create();
 3             QueueClient queueClient = factory.CreateQueueClient(queueName, ReceiveMode.PeekLock);
 4             Console.WriteLine("Reading messages from queue...");
 5 
 6             try
 7             {
 8                 MessageSession session = queueClient.AcceptMessageSession(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1));
 9                 BrokeredMessage message = null;
10                 int i = 0;
11                 while ((message = session.Receive(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1))) != null)
12                 {
13                     Console.WriteLine("Receiving message of Order Id:{0}, Session Id:{1}.", message.Properties["OrderId"], message.SessionId);
14                     message.Complete();
15                     i++;
16                 }
17             }
18             catch
19             { 
20                 
21             }

 

使用Session实现Request/Response模式

我们知道,Queue的消息传送完全是异步通信,发送方只负责发送消息,接收方只负责接收,当发送方发出消息以后,接收方不需要给发送方响应,同时也不可能提供响应。而面向服务的设计中,大部分需求都是调用服务后返回调用方需要的资源,即Request/Response通信模式。那么,如果需要用Service Bus Queue来实现这种Request/Response模式,该如何做呢?接下来,我们通过一个例子来看看实现过程。

在这个例子中,包含两个应用程序,SalesApplication与ProductCatalogApplication。其中SalesApplication将产品ID发送给ProductCatalogApplication,ProductCatalogApplication根据产品ID返回产品的详细信息给SalesApplication。整个实现的难点在于对于SalesApplication,如何将响应的产品信息与请求的信息一一对应,即收到的产品信息如何唯一匹配发送的请求(也许先后请求了一样的产品ID,唯一匹配则需要知道返回的响应到底对应于哪一次发送的包含产品ID的请求),这里通过SessionID实现唯一匹配,架构如下图所示,包含两个队列,一个用于传输请求消息(RequiresSession为false),一个用于传输响应消息(RequiresSession为true)。

Windows Azure: 在Service Bus Brokered Messaging服务中使用Session

  1. sales application创建了一个用于请求的包含产品ID的消息,并将ReplyToSessionId设置成唯一的值(例如Guid);
  2. 用于请求的消息发送至请求队列中;
  3. sales application调用AcceptMessageSession等待响应消息会话,接受响应会话成功以后则可以通过会话接收消息;
  4. 服务端(Product catalog application)接收请求消息;
  5. 服务端根据产品ID获取产品信息,并创建响应消息,响应消息的SessionId设置为请求消息的ReplyToSessionId;
  6. 服务端发送响应消息;
  7. sales application接收响应消息,从消息内容中获取产品详细信息,并根据消息的SessionId匹配请求,从而对消息进行处理。

SalesApplication代码:

 

 1             string requestQueueName = "ProductRequestQueue";
 2             string responseQueueName = "ProductResponseQueue";
 3             
 4 
 5             MessagingFactory factory = MessagingFactory.Create();
 6             QueueClient requestQueueClient = factory.CreateQueueClient(requestQueueName);
 7             QueueClient responseQueueClient = factory.CreateQueueClient(responseQueueName);
 8 
 9             string sessionId = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
10 
11             BrokeredMessage requestMessage = new BrokeredMessage();
12             requestMessage.Properties["ProductId"] = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
13             requestMessage.ReplyToSessionId = sessionId;
14             requestQueueClient.Send(requestMessage);
15             Console.WriteLine("Request Message sent. Session Id:{0}", requestMessage.ReplyToSessionId);
16             requestMessage.Dispose();
17 
18             try
19             {
20                 MessageSession session = responseQueueClient.AcceptMessageSession(sessionId);
21                 BrokeredMessage responseMessage = session.Receive();
22                 if (responseMessage != null)
23                 {
24                     object productInfo = responseMessage.GetBody<object>();
25                     Console.WriteLine("Response Message received. Session Id:{0}", responseMessage.SessionId);
26                 }
27             }
28             catch
29             { 
30                 
31             }
32 
33             Console.WriteLine();
34             Console.WriteLine("Press [Enter] to exit.");
35             Console.ReadLine();
36             
37             factory.Close();
38             requestQueueClient.Close();
39             responseQueueClient.Close();

 

Product Catalog Application代码:

 

 1             string requestQueueName = "ProductRequestQueue";
 2             string responseQueueName = "ProductResponseQueue";
 3             NamespaceManager namespaceClient = NamespaceManager.Create();
 4             if (namespaceClient.QueueExists(requestQueueName))
 5             {
 6                 namespaceClient.DeleteQueue(requestQueueName);
 7             }
 8             if (namespaceClient.QueueExists(responseQueueName))
 9             {
10                 namespaceClient.DeleteQueue(responseQueueName);
11             }
12             QueueDescription requestQueueDescription = new QueueDescription(requestQueueName)
13             {
14                 RequiresSession = false
15             };
16             namespaceClient.CreateQueue(requestQueueDescription);
17             QueueDescription responseQueueDescription = new QueueDescription(responseQueueName)
18             {
19                 RequiresSession = true
20             };
21             namespaceClient.CreateQueue(responseQueueDescription);
22 
23 
24             MessagingFactory factory = MessagingFactory.Create();
25             QueueClient requestQueueClient = factory.CreateQueueClient(requestQueueName);
26             QueueClient responseQueueClient = factory.CreateQueueClient(responseQueueName);
27 
28             while (true)
29             {
30                 BrokeredMessage requestMessage = null;
31                 while ((requestMessage = requestQueueClient.Receive()) != null)
32                 {
33                     Console.WriteLine("Request Message received. Session Id:{0}", requestMessage.ReplyToSessionId);
34                     string sessionId = requestMessage.ReplyToSessionId;
35                     object productInfo = GetProductInfo(requestMessage.Properties["ProductId"].ToString());
36                     BrokeredMessage responseMessage = new BrokeredMessage(productInfo);
37                     responseMessage.SessionId = sessionId;
38                     responseQueueClient.Send(responseMessage);
39                     Console.WriteLine("Response Message sent. Session Id:{0}", responseMessage.SessionId);
40 
41                     requestMessage.Complete();
42                     requestMessage.Dispose();
43                     responseMessage.Dispose();
44                 }
45 
46                 //Thread.Sleep(5 * 1000);
47             }

 

 

 

首先运行Product Catalog Application,因为需要先创建Queue,然后运行SalesApplication,测试结果如图所示:

请求端:

 

响应端:

 

 

 

点击 这里 下载源码。

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