C#的XML序列化和反序列化1

3.1 从可串行化的类中定制XML串行化
     1.格式化XML文档元素

     [XmlRoot(ElementName = " Pupil " , Namespace = " urn:MyNamespace " )]
     public class Student
     {
         // 则生成XML文档中，根元素<Pupil xmlns="urn:MyNamespace">
     }

    
     2.格式化XML元素

         [XmlElement(ElementName = " FullName " , Namespace = " urn:OtherNamespace " )]
         public string Name
         {
             get { return name; }
             set { name = value; }
         }

    
         生成XML如下：

<? xml version = " 1.0 " encoding = " utf-8 " ?>
< Pupil xmlns:xsd = " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema "
        xmlns:d1p1 = " urn:OtherNamespace " >
   < d1p1:FullName > Thomas Smith </ d1p1:FullName >     
</ Pupil >

         这里的d1p1是自动生成的，在标题4，有办法自己指定Namespace前缀。
         
     3.格式化XML属性

         [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = " StudentNumber " , Namespace = " urn:MyNamespace " )]
         public string Name
         {
             get { return name; }
             set { name = value; }
         }

         同样还是Name属性，这次是使用XmlAttribute标签，生成XML如下：

<? xml version = " 1.0 " encoding = " utf-8 " ?>
< Pupil xmlns:xsd = " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema "
        xmlns:d1p1 = " urn:OtherNamespace "
        d1p1:Name = " Thomas Smith " >
</ Pupil >

         XML属性在空间利用率上比XML元素略高一些。
        
     4.为元素/属性设计限定的命名空间
         使用XmlSerializer的Serialize方法重载，额外带一个XmlSerializerNamespace参数，指定这个命名空间前缀

         public void SerializeIt( string filename)
         {
             // 自定义命名空间
             XmlSerializerNamespaces ns = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
             ns.Add( " xsd " , " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema " );
             ns.Add( " xsi " , " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance " );
             ns.Add( " otherNS " , " urn:OtherNamespace " );

             XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer( typeof (Book));
             StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(filename);
             Book myBook = new Book();

             // 使用Serialize重载方法
             serializer.Serialize(writer, myBook, ns);
             writer.Close();
         }

         从而生成完全自定义的XML：

<? xml version = " 1.0 " encoding = " utf-8 " ?>
< Pupil xmlns:xsd = " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema "
        xmlns:otherNS = " urn:OtherNamespace "
         xmlns:xsi = " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance "
         otherNS:StudentNumber = " 8007 " xmlns = " urn:MyNamespace " >
     < otherNS:FullName > Thomas Smith </ otherNS:FullName >
</ Pupil >