Centos 6.5 hadoop2.5

hadoop2.5.0

【步骤】

1. 准备条件

(1)集群规划

主机类型 IP地址 域名
master 192.168.3.132 hadoop01
slave1 192.168.3.134 hadoop02
slave2 192.168.3.136 hadoop03
slave3 192.168.3.138 hadoop04

   

 

 

 

 

 

        

 

(2)以root身份登录操作系统

(3)在集群中的每台主机上执行如下命令,设置主机名。

          hostname hadoop0*

          编辑文件/etc/sysconfig/network如下

          HOSTNAME= hadoop0*

      (4)修改文件/etc/hosts如下

         192.168.86.10 master.hadoop.com
         192.168.86.11 slave1.hadoop.com
         192.168.86.12 slave2.hadoop.com
         192.168.86.13 slave3.hadoop.com

          执行如下命令,将hosts文件复制到集群中每台主机上

          scp /etc/hosts 192.168.50.*:/etc/hosts 

      (5)安装jdk

          rpm -ivh jdk-7u67-linux-x64.rpm 

         创建文件

          echo -e "JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/default\nexport PATH=\$JAVA_HOME/bin:\$PATH" > /etc/profile.d/java-env.sh 

          . /etc/profile.d/java-env.sh 

      (6)关闭iptables

         service iptables stop  

         chkconfig iptables off 

      (7)关闭selinux。修改文件/etc/selinux/config,然后重启操作系统

         SELINUX=disabled

    2. 安装 (with YARN)

      (1)在master.hadoop.com主机上执行

           yum install hadoop-yarn-resourcemanager hadoop-mapreduce-historyserver hadoop-yarn-proxyserver hadoop-hdfs-namenode

         yum install hadoop-hdfs-secondarynamenode  可选,如果使用HA,就不要安装此包

      (2)在所有的slave*.hadoop.com主机上执行

           yum install hadoop-yarn-nodemanager hadoop-mapreduce hadoop-hdfs-datanode

     3. 配置。将以下文件修改完毕后,用scp命令复制到集群中的所有主机上

      (1)创建配置文件

cp -r /etc/hadoop/conf.empty /etc/hadoop/conf.my_cluster
alternatives --install /etc/hadoop/conf hadoop-conf /etc/hadoop/conf.my_cluster 50
alternatives --set hadoop-conf /etc/hadoop/conf.my_cluster

      (2)创建必要的本地文件夹

sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /tmp && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chmod -R 1777 /tmp
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /tmp/hadoop-yarn && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chown -R mapred:mapred /tmp/hadoop-yarn
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging/history/done_intermediate && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chown -R mapred:mapred /tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chmod -R 1777 /tmp
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /var
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /var/log && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chmod -R 1775 /var/log && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chown yarn:mapred /var/log
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /var/log/hadoop-yarn/apps && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chmod -R 1777 /var/log/hadoop-yarn/apps && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chown yarn:mapred /var/log/hadoop-yarn/apps
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user/history && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chown mapred /user/history
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user/test && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chmod -R 777 /user/test && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chown test /user/test
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user/root && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chmod -R 777 /user/root && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chown root /user/root

      (3)修改配置文件

        1)core-site.xml

  <property>
     <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
     <value>hdfs://master.hadoop.com:8020</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>fs.trash.interval</name>
     <value>1440</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>fs.trash.checkpoint.interval</name>
     <value>720</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>hadoop.proxyuser.mapred.groups</name>
     <value>*</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>hadoop.proxyuser.mapred.hosts</name>
     <value>*</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>io.compression.codecs</name>
     <value>org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.DefaultCodec,org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.GzipCodec,org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.BZip2Codec,com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoCodec,com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzopCodec,org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.SnappyCodec</value>
  </property>

        2)hdfs-site.xml

  <property>
     <name>dfs.permissions.superusergroup</name>
     <value>hadoop</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
     <value>file:///data/1/dfs/nn</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
     <value>file:///data/1/dfs/dn,file:///data/2/dfs/dn,file:///data/3/dfs/dn,file:///data/4/dfs/dn</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>dfs.datanode.failed.volumes.tolerated</name>
     <value>3</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>dfs.datanode.fsdataset.volume.choosing.policy</name>
     <value>org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.fsdataset.AvailableSpaceVolumeChoosingPolicy</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>dfs.datanode.available-space-volume-choosing-policy.balanced-space-threshold</name>
     <value>10737418240</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>dfs.datanode.available-space-volume-choosing-policy.balanced-space-preference-fraction</name>
     <value>0.75</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>
     <value>true</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>dfs.webhdfs.user.provider.user.pattern</name>
     <value>^[A-Za-z0-9_][A-Za-z0-9._-]*[$]?$</value>
  </property>

        3)yarn-site.xml

  <property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
    <value>master.hadoop.com</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
    <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce_shuffle.class</name>
    <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.log-aggregation-enable</name>
    <value>true</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <description>List of directories to store localized files in.</description>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.local-dirs</name>
    <value>/data/1/yarn/local,/data/2/yarn/local,/data/3/yarn/local,/data/4/yarn/local</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <description>Where to store container logs.</description>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.log-dirs</name>
    <value>/data/1/yarn/logs,/data/2/yarn/logs,/data/3/yarn/logs,/data/4/yarn/logs</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <description>Where to aggregate logs to.</description>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.remote-app-log-dir</name>
    <value>hdfs://master.hadoop.com:8020/var/log/hadoop-yarn/apps</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <description>Classpath for typical applications.</description>
     <name>yarn.application.classpath</name>
     <value>
        $HADOOP_CONF_DIR,
        $HADOOP_COMMON_HOME/*,$HADOOP_COMMON_HOME/lib/*,
        $HADOOP_HDFS_HOME/*,$HADOOP_HDFS_HOME/lib/*,
        $HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME/*,$HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME/lib/*,
        $HADOOP_YARN_HOME/*,$HADOOP_YARN_HOME/lib/*
     </value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.web-proxy.address</name>
    <value>master.hadoop.com</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <description>It's not the memory the physical machine totally has, but that allocated to containers</description>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.resource.memory-mb</name>
    <value>5120</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.scheduler.minimum-allocation-mb</name>
    <value>512</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.scheduler.maximum-allocation-mb</name>
    <value>10240</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>yarn.app.mapreduce.am.resource.mb</name>
    <value>512</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.app.mapreduce.am.command-opts</name>
    <value>-Xmx512m</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.vmem-pmem-ratio</name>
    <value>2.1</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.resource.cpu-vcores</name>
    <value>4</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.scheduler.minimum-allocation-vcores</name>
    <value>1</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.scheduler.maximum-allocation-vcores</name>
    <value>10</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.scheduler.increment-allocation-mb</name>
    <value>512</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.scheduler.increment-allocation-vcores</name>
    <value>1</value>
  </property>

        4)mapred-site.xml

  <property>
     <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
     <value>yarn</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
     <value>master.hadoop.com:10020</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
     <value>master.hadoop.com:19888</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>yarn.app.mapreduce.am.staging-dir</name>
     <value>/user/history</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.intermediate-done-dir</name>
     <value>/user/history/intermediate-done-dir</value>
  </property>

  <property>
     <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.done-dir</name>
     <value>/user/history/done-dir</value>
  </property>

      (4)复制配置文件到集群中的所有主机上

          scp /etc/hadoop/conf.my_cluster/*-site.xml  192.168.50.*:/etc/hadoop/conf.my_cluster/ 

     4. 格式化HDFS

       sudo -u hdfs hdfs namenode -format 

     5. 启动HDFS

       for x in `cd /etc/init.d ; ls hadoop-hdfs-*`; do service $x start; done 

     6. 在HDFS上创建必要的文件夹

sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /tmp && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chmod -R 1777 /tmp
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /tmp/hadoop-yarn && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chown -R mapred:mapred /tmp/hadoop-yarn
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging/history/done_intermediate && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chown -R mapred:mapred /tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chmod -R 1777 /tmp
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /var
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /var/log && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chmod -R 1775 /var/log && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chown yarn:mapred /var/log
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /var/log/hadoop-yarn/apps && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chmod -R 1777 /var/log/hadoop-yarn/apps && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chown yarn:mapred /var/log/hadoop-yarn/apps
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user/history && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chown mapred /user/history
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user/test && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chmod -R 777 /user/test && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chown test /user/test
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user/root && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chmod -R 777 /user/root && sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chown root /user/root

     7. 操作YARN 

       在集群中每台机器上执行如下命令:

      (1)启动  

service hadoop-yarn-resourcemanager start;service hadoop-mapreduce-historyserver start;service hadoop-yarn-proxyserver start;service hadoop-yarn-nodemanager start

      (2)查看  

service hadoop-yarn-resourcemanager status;service hadoop-mapreduce-historyserver status;service hadoop-yarn-proxyserver status;service hadoop-yarn-nodemanager status

      (3)停止  

service hadoop-yarn-resourcemanager stop;service hadoop-mapreduce-historyserver stop;service hadoop-yarn-proxyserver stop;service hadoop-yarn-nodemanager stop 

        (4)重启  

service hadoop-yarn-resourcemanager restart;service hadoop-mapreduce-historyserver restart;service hadoop-yarn-proxyserver restart;service hadoop-yarn-nodemanager restart

     8. 安装Hadoop客户端

      (1)安装CentOS 6.5

      (2)以root身份登录,执行以下命令:

rpm -ivh jdk-7u67-linux-x64.rpm

yum install hadoop-client

cp -r /etc/hadoop/conf.empty /etc/hadoop/conf.my_cluster
alternatives --install /etc/hadoop/conf hadoop-conf /etc/hadoop/conf.my_cluster 50
alternatives --set hadoop-conf /etc/hadoop/conf.my_cluster

scp 192.168.50.10:/etc/hadoop/conf.my_cluster/*-site.xml /etc/hadoop/conf.my_cluster/
scp 192.168.50.10:/etc/hosts /etc/
scp 192.168.50.10:/etc/profile.d/hadoop-env.sh /etc/profile.d/
. /etc/profile

useradd -u 700 -g hadoop test
passwd test <test用户密码>

      9. 测试Hadoop with YARN

su - test

#计算Pi
hadoop fs -mkdir input
hadoop fs -put /etc/hadoop/conf/*.xml input
hadoop jar /usr/lib/hadoop-mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples.jar wordcount input output
hadoop jar /usr/lib/hadoop-mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples.jar pi 2 100

#执行grep任务
hadoop jar /usr/lib/hadoop-mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples.jar grep input output 'dfs[a-z.]+'
hadoop fs -ls output
hadoop fs -cat output/part-r-00000 | head

 

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