windows 7 PowerShell 笔记
对 powershell 做下总结
启动 powershell
#字符串操作
对象操作 "hello".Length
#进程操作
PS C:\> notepad
PS C:\> $process=get-process notepad
PS C:\> $process.Kill()
#默认对象操作
PS C:\> 40GB/650MB
63.0153846153846
#时间操作
PS C:\> [DateTime]"2009-12-5" - [DateTime]::Now
Days : -58
Hours : -14
Minutes : -53
Seconds : -58
Milliseconds : -510
Ticks : -50648385105314
TotalDays : -58.6208160941134
TotalHours : -1406.89958625872
TotalMinutes : -84413.9751755233
TotalSeconds : -5064838.5105314
TotalMilliseconds : -5064838510.5314
#时间对象操作
PS C:\> $result = [DateTime]"2009-12-5" - [DateTime]::Now
PS C:\> $result.TotalDays
-58.6213450248299
#查询今天星期几
PS C:\Users\vv> $date=Get-Date
PS C:\Users\vv> $date.DayOfWeek
Monday
#查找powershell命令中包含单词process的命令
PS C:\> Get-Command *process*
CommandType Name Definition
----------- ---- ----------
Application api-ms-win-core-processenvir... C:\Windows\system32\api-ms-w...
Application api-ms-win-core-processthrea... C:\Windows\system32\api-ms-w...
Cmdlet Debug-Process Debug-Process [-Name] <Strin...
Cmdlet Get-Process Get-Process [[-Name] <String...
Application microsoft-windows-kernel-pro... C:\Windows\system32\microsof...
Application qprocess.exe C:\Windows\system32\qprocess...
Cmdlet Start-Process Start-Process [-FilePath] <S...
Cmdlet Stop-Process Stop-Process [-Id] <Int32[]>...
Cmdlet Wait-Process Wait-Process [-Name] <String...
#检索donet中对象的属性和方法
PS C:\> "aaa" | Get-Member
TypeName: System.String
Name MemberType Definition
---- ---------- ----------
Clone Method System.Object Clone()
CompareTo Method int CompareTo(System.Object value), i...
Contains Method bool Contains(string value)
CopyTo Method System.Void CopyTo(int sourceIndex, c...
EndsWith Method bool EndsWith(string value), bool End...
Equals Method bool Equals(System.Object obj), bool ...
GetEnumerator Method System.CharEnumerator GetEnumerator()
GetHashCode Method int GetHashCode()
GetType Method type GetType()
GetTypeCode Method System.TypeCode GetTypeCode()
IndexOf Method int IndexOf(char value), int IndexOf(...
IndexOfAny Method int IndexOfAny(char[] anyOf), int Ind...
Insert Method string Insert(int startIndex, string ...
IsNormalized Method bool IsNormalized(), bool IsNormalize...
LastIndexOf Method int LastIndexOf(char value), int Last...
LastIndexOfAny Method int LastIndexOfAny(char[] anyOf), int...
...
#统计所有正在运行的进程的句柄数
PS C:\> $handleCount=0
PS C:\> foreach($process in Get-process) { $handleCount +=$process.Handles }
PS C:\> $handleCount
23318
#直接调用donet对象，获取网页内容
PS C:\> $webClient = New-Object System.Net.WebClient
PS C:\> $content = $webClient.DownloadString("http://www.baidu.com")
PS C:\> $content.Substring(0,1000)
<html><head><meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html;charset=gb2312"><t
itle>百度一下，你就知道 </title><style>body{margin:4px 0}p{margin:0;paddin
g:0}img{border:0}td,p,#u{font-size:12px}#b,#u,#l td,a{font-family:arial}#kw{fon
t:16px Verdana;height:1.78em;padding-top:2px}#b{height:30px;padding-top:4px}#b,
#b a{color:#77c}#u{padding-right:10px;line-height:19px;text-align:right;margin:
0 0 3px !important;margin:0 0 10px}#sb{height:2em;width:5.6em}#km{height:50px}#
l{margin:0 0 5px 38px}#l td{padding-left:107px}p,table{width:650px;border:0}#l
td,#sb,#km{font-size:14px}#l a,#l b{margin-right:1.14em}a{color:#00c}a:active{c
olor:#f60}#hp{position:absolute;margin-left:6px}#lg{margin:-26px 0 -44px}#lk{wi
dth:auto;line-height:18px;vertical-align:top}form{position:relative;z-index:9}<
/style></head>
<body><div id=u><a href=http://passport.baidu.com/?login&tpl=mn>登录</a></div><
center><img src=http://www.baidu.com/img/baidu_logo.gif width=270 height=129 us
emap="#mp" id=lg><br><br><br><br><table cellpadd
#获取系统信息
PS C:\> Get-WmiObject Win32_Bios
SMBIOSBIOSVersion : 2TKT00AUS
Manufacturer : LENOVO
Name : Default System BIOS
SerialNumber : 1111111
Version : LENOVO - 5000821
#导航文件系统
PS C:\> Set-Location c:\
PS C:\> Get-ChildItem
目录: C:\
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
d---- 2010/1/7 14:20 bea
d---- 2010/1/7 14:20 BEA WebLogic E-Business Platform
d---- 2009/12/7 13:02 dzh
d---- 2010/1/2 15:48 his
d---- 2009/7/14 10:37 PerfLogs
d-r-- 2010/1/25 12:58 Program Files
d-r-- 2009/12/31 19:11 Users
d---- 2009/11/7 9:52 usr
d---- 2010/1/28 3:16 Windows
-a--- 2009/6/11 5:42 24 autoexec.bat
-a--- 2009/6/11 5:42 10 config.sys
-a--- 2009/10/28 13:37 454656 putty.exe
#导航注册表
PS C:\> Set-Location HKCU:\Software\Microsoft\Windows\
PS HKCU:\Software\Microsoft\Windows\> Get-ChildItem
Hive: HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows
SKC VC Name Property
--- -- ---- --------
33 0 CurrentVersion {}
0 11 DWM {Composition, CompositionPolicy, Colo...
3 0 Shell {}
1 0 ShellNoRoam {}
2 0 TabletPC {}
3 12 Windows Error Reporting {ConfigureArchive, DisableArchive, Di...
#导航证书
PS C:\Users\vv> Set-Location cert:\CurrentUser\Root
PS cert:\CurrentUser\Root> Get-ChildItem
目录: Microsoft.PowerShell.Security\Certificate::CurrentUser\Root
Thumbprint Subject
---------- -------
CDD4EEAE6000AC7F40C3802C171E30148030C072 CN=Microsoft Root Certificate Auth...
BE36A4562FB2EE05DBB3D32323ADF445084ED656 CN=Thawte Timestamping CA, OU=Thaw...
A7217F919843199C958C128449DD52D2723B0A8A CN=Alibaba.com Corporation Root CA...
A43489159A520F0D93D032CCAF37E7FE20A8B419 CN=Microsoft Root Authority, OU=Mi...
7F88CD7223F3C813818C994614A89C99FA3B5247 CN=Microsoft Authenticode(tm) Root...
742C3192E607E424EB4549542BE1BBC53E6174E2 OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certific...
654E9FADD2032AE1B87D6263AF04FD7FEE38D57C CN=iTruschina CN Root CA-3, OU=Chi...
46F168AF009C28C18F452EB85F5E8747892B3C8B CN=iTruschina CN Root CA-2, OU=Chi...
245C97DF7514E7CF2DF8BE72AE957B9E04741E85 OU=Copyright (c) 1997 Microsoft Co...
240A61A2577970625B9F0B81283C4AA4037217B1 CN=iTruschina CN Root CA-1, OU=Chi...
18F7C1FCC3090203FD5BAA2F861A754976C8DD25 OU="NO LIABILITY ACCEPTED, (c)97 V...
#显示所有进程
PS C:\Users\vv> Get-Process
Handles NPM(K) PM(K) WS(K) VM(M) CPU(s) Id ProcessName
------- ------ ----- ----- ----- ------ -- -----------
527 28 40784 44864 243 18.94 4956 360SE
537 29 49144 59340 248 9.09 5276 360SE
924 20 17580 2504 132 3768 360tray
160 5 16080 7852 41 2036 audiodg
318 24 6524 7008 124 188 CCProxy
56 5 796 288 33 1232 CNAB4RPK
61 4 1568 6916 63 0.19 5064 conhost
60 4 1532 3628 63 0.06 5584 conhost
645 6 2076 1204 72 380 csrss
649 9 8148 11056 185 440 csrss
......
#搜索所有包含Get动词的命令
PS C:\Users\vv> Get-Command -Verb Get
CommandType Name Definition
----------- ---- ----------
Cmdlet Get-Acl Get-Acl [[-Path] <String[]>]...
Cmdlet Get-Alias Get-Alias [[-Name] <String[]...
Cmdlet Get-AuthenticodeSignature Get-AuthenticodeSignature [-...
Cmdlet Get-ChildItem Get-ChildItem [[-Path] <Stri...
Cmdlet Get-Command Get-Command [[-ArgumentList]...
Cmdlet Get-ComputerRestorePoint Get-ComputerRestorePoint [[-...
......
#帮助
PS C:\Users\vv> Get-Help Get-Verb -Full/-Detailed/-Examples
#调用powershell脚本
PowerShell "& 'C:\get-report.ps1' arguments"
#循环
PS C:\Users\vv> 1..10 | % {"aaa"}
aaa
aaa
aaa
aaa
aaa
aaa
aaa
aaa
aaa
aaa
#数据加密(Base64)
PS C:\Users\vv> $bytes=[System.Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetBytes("aaa")
PS C:\Users\vv> $encodedString=[Convert]::ToBase64String($bytes)
PS C:\Users\vv> $encodedString
YQBhAGEA
#检查命令是否执行成功
PS C:\Users\vv> $lastExitCode
0
PS C:\Users\vv> $?
True
#性能测试，计算一个命令执行的时间
PS C:\Users\vv> Measure-Command { Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 337 }
Days : 0
Hours : 0
Minutes : 0
Seconds : 0
Milliseconds : 340
Ticks : 3404713
TotalDays : 3.9406400462963E-06
TotalHours : 9.45753611111111E-05
TotalMinutes : 0.00567452166666667
TotalSeconds : 0.3404713
TotalMilliseconds : 340.4713
#foreach 循环
foreach($alias in Get-Alias){
$alias
}
#显示为表格
PS C:\Users\vv> Get-Process | Format-Table Name,WS -Auto
#复制文件
Copy-Item c:\temp\*.txt c:\temp\backup\ -verbose
#列出所有已经停止的服务
PS C:\Users\vv> Get-Service | Where-Object { $_.Status -eq "Stopped" }
#列出当前位置的所有子目录
PS C:\Users\vv> Get-ChildItem | Where-Object { $_.PsIsContainer }
#循环
PS C:\Users\vv> 1..10 | Foreach-Object { $_ * 2 }
#获取正在运行的记事本程序的进程列表，然后等待他们退出
PS C:\Users\vv> $notepadProcesses = Get-Process notepad
PS C:\Users\vv> $notepadProcesses | Foreach-Object { $_.WaitForExit() }
#其它循环关键字
for foreach do while
#从管道中选择接收值
PS C:\Users\vv> dir | Select Name
#释放变量占用的内存空间
$processes = $null
#显示所有变量
PS C:\> dir variable:\
PS C:\> dir variable:\s*
#显示文件内容
PS C:\> ${c:\autoexec.bat}
#变量范围
$Global:myVariable1 = value1
$Script:myVariable2 = value2
$Local:myVariable3 = value3
#静态方法 调用 donet
PS C:\> [System.Diagnostics.Process]::GetProcessById(0)
Handles NPM(K) PM(K) WS(K) VM(M) CPU(s) Id ProcessName
------- ------ ----- ----- ----- ------ -- -----------
0 0 0 24 0 0 Idle
Get-Process Notepad
#Get-Process 代替 System.Diagnostics.Process
$process.WaitForExit() #暂停直到结束
Get-Date 等同于 [System.DateTime]::Now
#创建对象
PS C:\> $generator = New-Object System.Random
PS C:\> $generator.NextDouble()
0.121309703738107
PS C:\> (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString("http://www.baidu.com")
#先加载库文件
PS C:\> [Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.Windows.Forms")
GAC Version Location
--- ------- --------
True v2.0.50727 C:\Windows\assembly\GAC_MSIL\System.Windows.Forms\2.0....
#创建后保存
PS C:\> $image = New-Object System.Drawing.Bitmap source.gif
PS C:\> $image.Save("source_1.jpg","JPEG")
PS C:\> [Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.Web")
GAC Version Location
--- ------- --------
True v2.0.50727 C:\Windows\assembly\GAC_32\System.Web\2.0.0.0__b03f5f7...
PS C:\> [Web.HttpUtility]::UrlEncode("http://search.msn.com")
http%3a%2f%2fsearch.msn.com
#缩短类名
PS C:\> $math=[System.Math]
PS C:\> $math::Min(1,10)
1
#调用COM组件
$sapi = New-Object -Com Sapi.SpVoice
$sapi.rate=0
$sapi.Speak("一直以为...只要隐着身，就没有美女认得出我是帅哥！但是...我错了，像我这样拉风的男人，就好比那暗夜里的萤火虫，田地里的金龟子，是那样的鲜明，那样的出众，特别是我那忧郁的眼神，凌乱的头发，嘴里叼着四块五的红金龙，还有我兜里露出来的半包旺旺雪饼，深深地出卖了我。")
#获取对象类型
$date = Get-Date
$date.GetType().ToString()
#正则表达式匹配
PS C:\Users\vv> "Hello World" -match "Hello"
True
#条件运算符
PS C:\Users\vv> $data = "Hello World"
($data -like "*llo w*") -and ($data.Length -gt 10)
True
#逻辑运算关键字
-eq -ne -ge -lt -le -like -notlike -match -notmatch -contains -notcontains -is isnot
#条件语句
if elseif else
$a=20
switch($a)
{
{$_ -lt 32} {"aaaa";break}
32 {"bbb";break}
default {"ccc"}
}
#循环
#for foreach while do foreach-object
foreach($file in dir){
"File length:"+$file.Length
}
#暂停或延迟
Read-Host "Press ENTER"
Start-Sleep 2
Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 300
#字符串 使用单引号表示原生字符串，不支持变量扩展或转义字符
$myString = 'Hello World'
#多行字符串
$myString = @"
This is the first line,
This is the second line.
"@
#多行注释
##This is a regular comment
$null=@"
function MyTest{
"aaaaaaaaaaaa"
}
"@
#变量$null告诉PowerShell不必为后续的使用而继续保留信息了
#转义字符 ` （不使用反斜杠）
PS C:\Users\vv> $myString = "Report for today `n---------"
$myString
Report for today
---------
#字符串变量
PS C:\Users\vv> $header = "Report for today"
$myString = "$header `n$('-'*$header.Length)"
$myString
Report for today
----------------
#格式化输出 右对齐8个字符，格式为4为数字，:C表示货币形式 -f String.Format()
PS C:\Users\vv> $formatString = "{0,8:D4} {1:C}`n"
$report = "Quantity Price`n"
$report += "--------------`n"
$report += $formatString -f 50,2.5677
$report += $formatString -f 3,7
$report
Quantity Price
--------------
0050 ¥2.57
0003 ¥7.00
#字符串方法
PS C:\Users\vv> "abc".IndexOf("b")
1
PS C:\Users\vv> "abc".Contains("b")
True
#$helpContent 得到的是一个对像，而不是字符串
$helpContent = Get-Help Get-ChildItem
$helpContent -match "location"
False
$helpContent.Name
Get-ChildItem
#得到字符串使用下面的方式
$helpContent = Get-Help Get-ChildItem | Out-String
$helpContent -match "location"
True
"Hello World".Replace("World","PowerShell")
Hello PowerShell
#replace 高级用法
"Hello World" -replace '(.*) (.*)','$2 $1'
World Hello
"Hello World".ToUpper()
HELLO WORLD
"Hello World".ToLower()
hello world
#首字符大写
$text = "hello"
$newText = $text.Substring(0,1).ToUpper()+$text.Substring(1)
"Hello World".Trim()
#从字符串尾部取出字符
"Hello World".TrimEnd('w','d',' ');
#格式化日期
$date = [DateTime]::now
$date.ToString("dd-MM-yyyy")
#日期比较
$dueDate = [DateTime] "01/01/2008"
if([DateTime]::Now -gt $dueDate)
{
"Account is now due"
}
#字符串合并用 append
Measure-Command{
$output = New-Object Text.StringBuilder
1..10000 |
Foreach-Object { $output.Append("Hello World") }
}
Days : 0
Hours : 0
Minutes : 0
Seconds : 1
Milliseconds : 696
Ticks : 16965372
TotalDays : 1.96358472222222E-05
TotalHours : 0.000471260333333333
TotalMinutes : 0.02827562
TotalSeconds : 1.6965372
TotalMilliseconds : 1696.5372
Measure-Command{
$output =""
1..10000 |
Foreach-Object { $output+="Hello World" }
}
Days : 0
Hours : 0
Minutes : 0
Seconds : 5
Milliseconds : 453
Ticks : 54531118
TotalDays : 6.31147199074074E-05
TotalHours : 0.00151475327777778
TotalMinutes : 0.0908851966666667
TotalSeconds : 5.4531118
TotalMilliseconds : 5453.1118
#数学计算
$result = [int](3/2)
$result
2
#截断
$result=3/2
[Math]::Truncate($result)
1
function trunc($number){
[Math]::Truncate($number)
}
$result=3/2
trunc $result
1
[Math]::Abs(-10.6)
[Math]::Pow(123,2)
[Math]::Sqrt(100)
[Math]::Sin([Math]::PI /2)
[Math]::ASin(1)
#立方根
function root($number,$root){ [Math]::Exp($([Math]::Log($number)/$root))}
root 64 3
4
#统计
1..10 | Measure-Object -Average -Sum
Count : 10
Average : 5.5
Sum : 55
Maximum :
Minimum :
Property :
Get-ChildItem > output.txt
Get-COntent output.txt | Measure-Object -Character -Word -Line
Lines Words Characters Property
----- ----- ---------- --------
28 117 2638
#从文件列表中取得LastWriteTime的平均值
$times = dir | Foreach-Object { $_.LastWriteTime }
$results = $times | Measure-Object Ticks -Average
New-Object DateTime $results.Average
2009年12月11日 21:27:09
#16进制数
$hexNumber = 0x1234
$hexNumber
4660
#16进制 转 2进制
[Convert]::ToString(12341,2)
11000000110101
#2进制转10进制
[Convert]::ToInt32("11000000110101",2)
12341
#修改文件属性，并查询
$archive = [System.IO.FileAttributes] "Archive"
attrib +a test.txt
Get-ChildItem | Where { $_.Attributes -band $archive } | Select Name
#文件加密
(Get-Item output.txt).Encrypt()
#文件解密
(Get-Item output.txt).Decrypt()
#设置文件属性
(Get-Item output.txt).IsReadOnly
True
(Get-Item output.txt).IsReadOnly = $false
(Get-Item output.txt).IsReadOnly
False
#枚举文件可能的属性
[Enum]::GetNames([System.IO.FileAttributes])
ReadOnly
Hidden
System
Directory
Archive
Device
Normal
Temporary
SparseFile
ReparsePoint
Compressed
Offline
NotContentIndexed
Encrypted
[int] (Get-Item output.txt).Attributes
32
#文件属性的表示形式
$attributes = [Enum]::GetValues([System.IO.FileAttributes])
$attributes | Select-Object `
@{"Name"="Property";"Expression"={ $_ }},
@{"Name"="Integer";"Expression"={ [int]$_ }},
@{"Name"="Hexadecimal";"Expression"={ [Convert]::ToString([int] $_,16)}},
@{"Name"="Binary";"Expression"={ [Convert]::ToString([int] $_,2)}} |
Format-Table -auto
Property Integer Hexadecimal Binary
-------- ------- ----------- ------
ReadOnly 1 1 1
Hidden 2 2 10
System 4 4 100
Directory 16 10 10000
Archive 32 20 100000
Device 64 40 1000000
Normal 128 80 10000000
Temporary 256 100 100000000
SparseFile 512 200 1000000000
ReparsePoint 1024 400 10000000000
Compressed 2048 800 100000000000
Offline 4096 1000 1000000000000
NotContentIndexed 8192 2000 10000000000000
Encrypted 16384 4000 100000000000000
#判断文件属性
$encrypted=16384
$attributes = (Get-Item output.txt -force).Attributes
($attributes -band $encrypted) -eq $encrypted
False
#读取文件内容
$content = Get-Content c:\file.txt
$content = ${c:\file.txt}
$content = [System.IO.File]::ReadAllText("c:\file.txt")
#搜索文件文本
Select-String -Simple "aaa" file.txt
Select-String "\(...\) ...-..." phone.txt
Get-ChildItem -Filter *.txt -Recurse | Select-String pattern
#获取被补丁修改的文件列表
cd $env:WINDIR
$parseExpression = "(.*): Destination:(.*) \((.*)\)"
$files = dir kb*.log -Exclude *uninst.log
$logContent = $files | Get-Content | Select-String $parseExpression
$logContent
#移动文件，删除文件
$filename = [System.IO.Path]::GetTempFileName()
$newname = [System.IO.Path]::ChangeExtension($filename,".cs")
Move-Item $filename $newname
Remove-Item $newname
#内容写入到文件
$filename = "output.txt"
$content = Get-Content $filename
$content = "hellohello"
$content | Set-Content $filename
#xml文件
$xml = [xml] (Get-Content powershell_blog.xml)
$xml.rss
($xml.rss.channel.item).Count
($xml.rss.channel.item)[0].title
$xml.rss.channel.item | Sort-Object title | Select-Object title
#XPath查询
#查询所有少于20个字符的标题
$xml = [xml] (Get-Content powershell_blog.xml)
$query = "/rss/chanel/item[string-length(title) < 20]/title"
$xml.SelectNodes($query)
#修改xml
$filename = (Get-Item phone.xml).FullName
Get-Content $fileName
$phoneBook = [xml](Get-Content $fileName)
$person = $phoneBook.AddressBook.Person[0]
$person.Phone[0]."#text" = "555-1214"
$person.Phone[0].type="mobile"
$newNumber = [xml]'<Phone type="home">555-1215</Phone>'
$newNode = $phoneBook.ImportNode($newNumber.Phone,$true)
[void] $person.AppendChild($newNode)
$phoneBook.save($filename)
Get-Content $filename
#Internet 脚本
#下载一个文件 (参数错误？)
$source = "http://img3.cn.msn.com/images/0809/logo1.png"
$destination = "c:\logo1.png"
$wc = New-Object System.Net.WebClient
$wc.DownloadFile($source,$destination)
#下载一个Web页面
$source = "http://blogs.msdn.com/powershell/rss.xml"
$wc = New-Object System.Net.WebClient
$content = $wc.DownloadString($source)
#输出格式为Html 创建一个PowerShell命令的概要
$filename = "c:\PowerShell.html"
$commands = Get-Command | Where { $_.CommandType -ne "Alias" }
$summary = $commands | Get-Help | Select Name,Synopsis
$summary | ConvertTo-Html | Set-Content $filename
#脚本块
function MultiplyInpuByTwo
{
process
{
$_ * 2
}
}
1,2,3 | MultiplyInpuByTwo
2
4
6
#从脚本块返回数据
function GetDate
{
Get-Date
}
$tomorrow = (GetDate).AddDays(1)
#数组
$myArray = 1,2,"aaa"
$myArray
1
2
aaa
#数组 基本操作
$collection = New-Object System.Collections.ArrayList
$collection.Add("Hello")
[void]$collection.Add("Hello")
[void]$collection.AddRange{("a","b")}
$collection.RemoveAt(1)
$myArray = New-Object string[] 10
$myArray[5]="bbb"
$myArray = Get-Process
$myArray
Handles NPM(K) PM(K) WS(K) VM(M) CPU(s) Id ProcessName
------- ------ ----- ----- ----- ------ -- -----------
851 38 69204 101888 338 137.36 5012 360SE
532 30 42192 42316 271 54.19 5864 360SE
965 19 17784 2192 132 3768 360tray
134 5 15516 12864 41 3612 audiodg
314 21 6796 5228 127 188 CCProxy
56 5 796 304 33 1232 CNAB4RPK
61 4 1532 1312 63 0.09 5436 conhost
......
$myArray = @(Get-Process Explorer)
$myArray
Handles NPM(K) PM(K) WS(K) VM(M) CPU(s) Id ProcessName
------- ------ ----- ----- ----- ------ -- -----------
1085 42 52080 98140 300 164.77 2256 explorer
$a = @(
(1,2,3,4),
(5,6,7,8)
)
$a[0][1]
2
$myArray = 1,2,3
$myArray[1..3 + 0]
2
3
1
#访问数组中的每一个元素
$myArray = 1,2,3
$sum = 0
$myArray | Foreach-Object {$sum+=$_}
$sum
6
#访问数组中的每一个元素，更脚本化
$myArray = 1,2,3
$sum=0
foreach($element in $myArray){$sum+=$element}
$sum
6
#数组列表排序
Get-ChildItem | Sort-Object -Descending Length | Select Name, Length
#检查数组列表是否包含指定的项
"Hello","World" -contains "Hello"
#合并数组
$array = 1,2
$array += 3,4
#数组查询
$array = "Item1","Item2","Item3","Item4","Item15"
$array -eq "Item1" #Item1
$array -like "*2*" #Item2
$array -match "Item.." #Item15
$array -ne "Item1" #Item2 Item3 Item4 Item15
$array -notlike "*1*" #Item2 Item3 Item4
$array -notmatch "Item.." #Item1 Item2 Item3 Item4
#哈希表 ,哈希表不保存顺序，可用 Sort 排序
$myHashtable = @{}
$myHashtable = @{key1="value1";key2=1,2,3}
$myHashtable["NewItem"]=5
foreach($item in $myHashtable.GetEnumerator() | Sort Name)
{
$item.value
}
#参数
function Reverse
{
$srgsEnd = $args.Length - 1
$args[$srgsEnd..0]
}
Reverse 1,2,3,4
#用户交互
#读取用户输入一行
$directory = Read-Host "Enter a directory name:"
$directory
#读取用户输入的键
$key = [Console]::ReadKey($true)
$key
$key = $host.UI.RawUI.ReadKey("NoEcho,IncludeKeyDown")
#环境变量
#查看
$env:username
#完整方式
Get-Content Env:\Username
#查看所有变量
dir env:
Name Value
---- -----
ALLUSERSPROFILE C:\ProgramData
ANT_HOME D:\J2EE\apache-ant-1.7.0
APPDATA C:\Users\vv\AppData\Roaming
CLASSPATH .\;D:\Design\J2EE\jdk1.6.0_10\lib\tools.jar
CommonProgramFiles C:\Program Files\Common Files
COMPUTERNAME VV-PC
ComSpec C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe
FP_NO_HOST_CHECK NO
HOMEDRIVE C:
HOMEPATH \Users\vv
JAVA_HOME D:\Design\J2EE\jdk1.6.0_10
......
#设置环境变量（永久）
$oldPersonalPath = ";d:\tools"
[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("Path",$oldPersonalPath,"User")
[Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path","User") #;d:\tools
#阅读 rss
$sapi = New-Object -Com Sapi.SpVoice
$WebClient = New-Object System.Net.WebClient
$WebClient.Encoding=[System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8
$rss = [XML]($WebClient.DownloadString("http://weather.qq.com/zixun/rss_fyzx.xml"))
foreach($item in $rss.rss.channel.Item){
$title = $item.title
#$title = $item.title.InnerText
$content = $item.description
#$content = $item.description.InnerText
#$content = $item.description.InnerText.Replace(" ","")
$title
$sapi.Speak($title+"。")
$content
$sapi.Speak($content+"。。")
}