用Tuscany、Axis、groovy来发布和调试Web Service

Tuscany是一个符合SCA标准的开源实现，他能够很容易地将一个服务绑定为一个Web Service：
<composite name="Employee" xmlns="http://www.osoa.org/xmlns/sca/1.0"><service name="HelloWorldService"><interface.wsdl><component name="HelloWorldServiceComponent"><implementation.java class="helloworld.HelloWorldImpl">

xml 代码

<composite xmlns="http://www.osoa.org/xmlns/sca/1.0" name="Employee">
    <service name="HelloWorldService"
        promote="HelloWorldServiceComponent">
        <interface.wsdl
            interface="http://helloworld#wsdl.interface(HelloWorld)" />
        <binding.ws uri="http://localhost:8085/HelloWorldService" />
    </service>
    <component name="HelloWorldServiceComponent">
        <implementation.java class="helloworld.HelloWorldImpl" />
    </component>
</composite>

</component>
要使服务发布成功，要保证有以下几个文件：
</interface.wsdl></service></composite>

1. 一个预定义的wsdl文件，只要保证这个文件在classpath下就可以了。
2. 一个java接口。
3. 一个java类。

下面列依次列出这几个文件：
* helloworld.wsdl
<wsdl:definitions xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:wsdlsoap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:tns="http://helloworld" targetnamespace="http://helloworld">

xml 代码

<wsdl:definitions targetNamespace="http://helloworld" xmlns:tns="http://helloworld" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:wsdlsoap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
    name="helloworld">
    <wsdl:types>
        <schema elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://helloworld" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
            <element name="getGreetings">
                <complexType>
                    <sequence>
                        <element name="name" type="xsd:string"/>
                    </sequence>
                </complexType>
            </element>

            <element name="getGreetingsResponse">
                <complexType>
                    <sequence>
                        <element name="getGreetingsReturn" type="xsd:string"/>
                    </sequence>
                </complexType>
            </element>

        </schema>
    </wsdl:types>
    <wsdl:message name="getGreetingsRequest">
        <wsdl:part element="tns:getGreetings" name="parameters"/>
    </wsdl:message>
    <wsdl:message name="getGreetingsResponse">
        <wsdl:part element="tns:getGreetingsResponse" name="parameters"/>
    </wsdl:message>

    <wsdl:portType name="HelloWorld">
        <wsdl:operation name="getGreetings">
            <wsdl:input message="tns:getGreetingsRequest" name="getGreetingsRequest"/>
            <wsdl:output message="tns:getGreetingsResponse" name="getGreetingsResponse"/>
        </wsdl:operation>
    </wsdl:portType>

    <wsdl:binding name="HelloWorldSoapBinding" type="tns:HelloWorld">
        <wsdlsoap:binding style="document" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>
        <wsdl:operation name="getGreetings">
            <wsdlsoap:operation soapAction=""/>
            <wsdl:input name="getGreetingsRequest">
                <wsdlsoap:body use="literal"/>
            </wsdl:input>
            <wsdl:output name="getGreetingsResponse">
                <wsdlsoap:body use="literal"/>
            </wsdl:output>
        </wsdl:operation>
    </wsdl:binding>

    <wsdl:service name="HelloWorldService">
        <wsdl:port binding="tns:HelloWorldSoapBinding" name="HelloWorldSoapPort">
            <wsdlsoap:address location="http://localhost:8085/HelloWorldService"/>
        </wsdl:port>
    </wsdl:service>

</wsdl:definitions>

<wsdl:types><schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" targetnamespace="http://helloworld" elementformdefault="qualified"><wsdl:message name="getGreetingsRequest"><wsdl:message name="getGreetingsResponse"><wsdl:porttype name="HelloWorld"><wsdl:operation name="getGreetings"><wsdl:binding type="tns:HelloWorld" name="HelloWorldSoapBinding"><wsdlsoap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" style=""><wsdl:operation name="getGreetings"><wsdlsoap:operation soapaction="">
* HelloWorldService.java

java 代码

package helloworld;
import org.osoa.sca.annotations.Remotable;
@Remotable
public interface HelloWorldService {
    public String getGreetings(String name);
}

* HelloWorldImpl.java

java 代码

package helloworld;
import org.osoa.sca.annotations.Service;
@Service(HelloWorldService.class)
public class HelloWorldImpl implements HelloWorldService {
    public String getGreetings(String name) {
        return "hello "+name;
    }
}

这样我们就可以写一个类来创建一个SCA中的Domain，并由它来创建组件并发布为一个web服务。

java 代码

public class HelloWorldServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SCADomain scaDomain = SCADomain.newInstance("","","Calculator.composite","Employee.composite");
        try {
            System.out.println("HelloWorld server started (press enter to shutdown)");
            System.in.read();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        scaDomain.close();
        System.out.println("HelloWorld server stopped");
    }
}

运行这个类，也就启动了一个SCA的Domain，打开浏览器输入http://localhost:8085/HelloWorldService? wsdl（注意这个是以binding.ws的uri为准的，和wsdl文件中的wsdlsoap:address的location无关，当然在这里它 们俩个是一致的），就可以看到发布的服务的wsdl描述，应该和前面的helloworld.wsdl的内容一样。

下面我们写一个groovy的客户端来测试一下这个web服务，代码大概象这样（更多的信息可以参考 http://docs.codehaus.org/display/GROOVY/Groovy+SOAP ，要运行下面的代码需要先安装一个groovy的用来除了soap的类库）：

java 代码

import groovy.net.soap.SoapClient
def proxy = new SoapClient("http://localhost:8085/HelloWorldService?wsdl")
println proxy.getGreetings("yanhua")

运行它，在控制台可以看到hello yanhua了吗？

有时候我们想查看一下客户端和服务器之间来往的soap消息，我们可以用AXIS提供的一个叫TCPMonitor的工具。先下载AXIS，解压后在AXIS的目录下运行如下的命令：java -classpath ./lib/axis.jar org.apache.axis.utils.tcpmon，这样会打开TCPMonitor这个工具。我们新建一个Listener，设置如下图：

</wsdlsoap:operation></wsdl:operation></wsdlsoap:binding></wsdl:binding></wsdl:operation></wsdl:porttype></wsdl:message></wsdl:message></schema></wsdl:types></wsdl:definitions>

我们把刚才的wsdl文件在groovy的运行目录下放置一份，并找到<wsdlsoap:address location="http://192.168.0.100:8085/HelloWorldService">把它的端口号改为8081，也就是<wsdlsoap:address location="http://192.168.0.100:8081/HelloWorldService">。再把上面的groovy代码改一下：

java 代码

import groovy.net.soap.SoapClient
def proxy = new SoapClient("file:/E:/temp/groovy/helloworld.wsdl")
println proxy.getGreetings("yanhua")

运行它，在TCPMonitor中就可以看到往返的soap消息了，对这个例子来说分别是：
发送到服务器的soap消息：

xml 代码

POST /HelloWorldService HTTP/1.1
SOAPAction: ""
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=UTF-8
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.0; XFire Client +http://xfire.codehaus.org)
Host: 127.0.0.1:8081
Expect: 100-continue
Content-Length: 308

<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><soap:Body><getGreetings xmlns="http://helloworld"><name xmlns="http://helloworld">yanhua</name></getGreetings></soap:Body></soap:Envelope>

<soap:envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soap:body><getgreetings xmlns="http://helloworld"><name xmlns="http://helloworld"></getgreetings></soap:body></soap:envelope>

返回给客户端的soap消息：

xml 代码

POST /HelloWorldService HTTP/1.1
SOAPAction: ""
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=UTF-8
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.0; XFire Client +http://xfire.codehaus.org)
Host: 127.0.0.1:8081
Expect: 100-continue
Content-Length: 308

<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><soap:Body><getGreetings xmlns="http://helloworld"><name xmlns="http://helloworld">yanhua</name></getGreetings></soap:Body></soap:Envelope>

<soap:envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soap:body><getgreetings xmlns="http://helloworld"><name xmlns="http://helloworld"></getgreetings></soap:body></soap:envelope>

</wsdlsoap:address></wsdlsoap:address>