关于Membership的设置

关于Membership的设置

初学MemberShip,遇到一个Membership设置的问题因为一般教程使用的示例都是SQL Server 2005 Express版本的本地 ASPNETDB.MDF文件，如果我要使用远程的Sql Server 2005服务器的话，需要进行一些设置。

Setp1:当你使用Membership, 我们可以发现ASP.NET 2.0 已经在 SQL Server 2005 Express建立了很多表(aspnet_Membership等)，视图，存储过程等。当时我们自己的远程服务器上并没有这些表。难道我们需要自己建？当然不用，微软给我们准备了一个工具：

  
  

   
   
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   %
   
   systemroot
   
   %
   
   \Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.x\ 

  
  

目录下的aspnet_regsql工具根据它的向导，可以很方便地指定你的服务器和数据库。完成之后，我们可以发现，我们的远程服务器上制定数据库上已经创建好了我们需要的表，视图，存储过程等。

Step2:这时候我们需要在web.config更改Membership的Provider

我们可以参考machine.config文件中的内容：（machine.config在%systemroot%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.x\CONFIG目录下）

  
  

   
   
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   <
   
   connectionStrings
   
   >
   
    
   
   <
   
   add 
   
   name
   
   ="LocalSqlServer"
   
    connectionString
   
   ="data source=.\SQLEXPRESS;Integrated Security=SSPI;AttachDBFilename=|DataDirectory|aspnetdb.mdf;User Instance=true"
   
    providerName
   
   ="System.Data.SqlClient"
   
    
   
   />
   
    
   
   </
   
   connectionStrings
   
   >
   
    
   
   <
   
   membership
   
   >
   
    
   
   <
   
   providers
   
   >
   
    
   
   <
   
   add 
   
   name
   
   ="AspNetSqlMembershipProvider"
   
    type
   
   ="System.Web.Security.SqlMembershipProvider, System.Web, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"
   
    connectionStringName
   
   ="LocalSqlServer"
   
    enablePasswordRetrieval
   
   ="false"
   
    enablePasswordReset
   
   ="true"
   
    requiresQuestionAndAnswer
   
   ="true"
   
    applicationName
   
   ="/"
   
    requiresUniqueEmail
   
   ="false"
   
    passwordFormat
   
   ="Hashed"
   
    maxInvalidPasswordAttempts
   
   ="5"
   
    minRequiredPasswordLength
   
   ="7"
   
    minRequiredNonalphanumericCharacters
   
   ="1"
   
    passwordAttemptWindow
   
   ="10"
   
    passwordStrengthRegularExpression
   
   =""
   
    
   
   />
   
    
   
   </
   
   providers
   
   >
   
    
   
   </
   
   membership
   
   >
   
    

  
  

你可以直接在machine.config里更改，不过这里一更改，会影响到以后所有ASP.NET程序的设置，所以我们还是在自己的web.config中更改比较好.在web.config中，首先创建我们自己的连接字符串：

  
  

   
   
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   <
   
   connectionStrings
   
   >
   
    
   
   <
   
   add 
   
   name
   
   ="remoteSqlServer"
   
    connectionString
   
   ="server=..;uid=..;pwd=..;initial catalog=.."
   
    providerName
   
   ="System.Data.SqlClient"
   
    
   
   />
   
    
   
   </
   
   connectionStrings
   
   >
   
    

  
  

然后修改Membership的provider.，修改的时候需要注意一个问题，因为machine.config中已经存在一个provider了，所以你直接增加一个provider的话

  
  

   
   
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   <
   
   membership
   
   >
   
    
   
   <
   
   providers
   
   >
   
    
   
   <
   
   add 
   
   name
   
   ="RemoteSqlMembershipProvider"
   
    type
   
   ="System.Web.Security.SqlMembershipProvider, System.Web, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"
   
    connectionStringName
   
   ="remoteSqlServer"
   
    enablePasswordRetrieval
   
   ="false"
   
    enablePasswordReset
   
   ="true"
   
    requiresQuestionAndAnswer
   
   ="false"
   
    applicationName
   
   ="/"
   
    requiresUniqueEmail
   
   ="false"
   
    passwordFormat
   
   ="Hashed"
   
    maxInvalidPasswordAttempts
   
   ="5"
   
    minRequiredPasswordLength
   
   ="7"
   
    minRequiredNonalphanumericCharacters
   
   ="1"
   
    passwordAttemptWindow
   
   ="10"
   
    passwordStrengthRegularExpression
   
   =""
   
    
   
   />
   
    
   
   </
   
   providers
   
   >
   
    
   
   </
   
   membership
   
   >
   
    

  
  

在程序运行中还是会去寻找在machineconfig中定义的AspNetSqlMembershipProvider,因为那个是default的。所以一种选择是，我们把这个新的Provider设置为Default的。

  
  

   
   
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   <
   
   membership 
   
   defaultProvider
   
   ="RemoteSqlMembershipProvider"
   
   >
   
    
   
   <
   
   providers
   
   >
   
    
   
   <
   
   add 
   
   name
   
   ="RemoteSqlMembershipProvider"
   
    type
   
   ="System.Web.Security.SqlMembershipProvider, System.Web, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"
   
    connectionStringName
   
   ="remoteSqlServer"
   
    enablePasswordRetrieval
   
   ="false"
   
    enablePasswordReset
   
   ="true"
   
    requiresQuestionAndAnswer
   
   ="false"
   
    applicationName
   
   ="/"
   
    requiresUniqueEmail
   
   ="false"
   
    passwordFormat
   
   ="Hashed"
   
    maxInvalidPasswordAttempts
   
   ="5"
   
    minRequiredPasswordLength
   
   ="7"
   
    minRequiredNonalphanumericCharacters
   
   ="1"
   
    passwordAttemptWindow
   
   ="10"
   
    passwordStrengthRegularExpression
   
   =""
   
    
   
   />
   
    
   
   </
   
   providers
   
   >
   
    

  
  

另一种选择是，我们首先clear原来的provider,然后再增加自己的provider(connectiongStringName设置为我们自己的ConnectionString):

  
  

   
   
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   <
   
   membership
   
   >
   
    
   
   <
   
   providers
   
   >
   
    
   
   <
   
   clear
   
   />
   
    
   
   <
   
   add 
   
   name
   
   ="AspNetSqlMembershipProvider"
   
    type
   
   ="System.Web.Security.SqlMembershipProvider, System.Web, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"
   
    connectionStringName
   
   ="remoteSqlServer"
   
    enablePasswordRetrieval
   
   ="false"
   
    enablePasswordReset
   
   ="true"
   
    requiresQuestionAndAnswer
   
   ="false"
   
    applicationName
   
   ="/"
   
    requiresUniqueEmail
   
   ="false"
   
    passwordFormat
   
   ="Hashed"
   
    maxInvalidPasswordAttempts
   
   ="5"
   
    minRequiredPasswordLength
   
   ="7"
   
    minRequiredNonalphanumericCharacters
   
   ="1"
   
    passwordAttemptWindow
   
   ="10"
   
    passwordStrengthRegularExpression
   
   =""
   
    
   
   />
   
    
   
   </
   
   providers
   
   >
   
    
   
   </
   
   membership
   
   >
   
    

  
  

这里需要注意的另一个问题就是，provider的名字一定需要是AspNetSqlMembershipProvider，其他名字就会出现这个错误：Default Membership Provider could not be found.因为原来已经指定了AspNetSqlMembershipProvider为Default Provider.