Android提高第五篇之Service

http://blog.csdn.net/hellogv/archive/2010/11/08/5994952.aspx
上次介绍了 Activity以及Intent的使用,这次就介绍Service,如果把Activity比喻为前台程序,那么Service就是后台程序,Service的整个生命周期都只会在后台执行。Service跟Activity一样也由Intent调用。在工程里想要添加一个Service,先新建继承Service的类,然后到AndroidManifest.xml -> Application ->Application Nodes中的Service标签中添加。

         Service要由Activity通过startService 或者 bindService来启动,Intent负责传递参数。先贴出本文程序运行截图:

Android提高第五篇之Service

本文主要讲解Service的调用,以及其生命周期。

Android提高第五篇之Service
上图是startService之后再stopService的Service状态变化。

Android提高第五篇之Service

上图是bindService之后再unbindService的Service状态变化。

       startService与bindService都可以启动Service,那么它们之间有什么区别呢?它们两者的区别就是使Service的周期改变。由startService启动的Service必须要有stopService来结束Service,不调用stopService则会造成Activity结束了而Service还运行着。bindService启动的Service可以由unbindService来结束,也可以在Activity结束之后(onDestroy)自动结束。

Android提高第五篇之Service
上图是startService之后再Activity.finish()的Service状态变化,Service还在跑着。

Android提高第五篇之Service
上图是bindService之后再Activity.finish()的Service状态变化,Service最后自动unbindService。

main.xml代码:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
    android:layout_height="fill_parent">  
    <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/btnStartMyService"  
        android:text="StartMyService"></Button>  
    <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/btnStopMyService"  
        android:text="StopMyService"></Button>  
    <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/btnBindMyService"  
        android:text="BindMyService"></Button>  
    <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/btnUnbindMyService"  
        android:text="UnbindMyService"></Button>  
    <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/btnExit"  
        android:text="退出程序"></Button>  
</LinearLayout>  

testService.java的源码:
package com.testService;  
  
import android.app.Activity;  
import android.app.Service;  
import android.content.ComponentName;  
import android.content.Intent;  
import android.content.ServiceConnection;  
import android.os.Bundle;  
import android.os.IBinder;  
import android.util.Log;  
import android.view.View;  
import android.widget.Button;  
  
public class testService extends Activity {  
    Button btnStartMyService,btnStopMyService,btnBindMyService,btnUnbindMyService,btnExit;  
    @Override  
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
        setContentView(R.layout.main);  
        btnStartMyService=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.btnStartMyService);  
        btnStartMyService.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());  
          
        btnStopMyService=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.btnStopMyService);  
        btnStopMyService.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());  
          
        btnBindMyService=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.btnBindMyService);  
        btnBindMyService.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());  
          
        btnUnbindMyService=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.btnUnbindMyService);  
        btnUnbindMyService.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());   
          
        btnExit=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.btnExit);  
        btnExit.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());  
    }  
    @Override  
    public void onDestroy()  
    {  
        super.onDestroy();  
        Log.e("Activity","onDestroy");  
    }  
      
    private ServiceConnection _connection = new ServiceConnection() {    
        @Override  
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName arg0, IBinder arg1) {  
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
        }  
  
        @Override  
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {  
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
        }    
    };    
    class ClickEvent implements View.OnClickListener{  
  
        @Override  
        public void onClick(View v) {  
            Intent intent=new Intent(testService.this,MyService.class);  
            if(v==btnStartMyService){  
                testService.this.startService(intent);  
            }  
            else if(v==btnStopMyService){  
                testService.this.stopService(intent);  
            }  
            else if(v==btnBindMyService){  
                testService.this.bindService(intent, _connection, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);  
            }  
            else if(v==btnUnbindMyService){  
                if(MyService.ServiceState=="onBind")//Service绑定了之后才能解绑  
                    testService.this.unbindService(_connection);  
            }  
            else if(v==btnExit)  
            {  
                testService.this.finish();  
            }  
              
        }  
          
    }  
}  

MyService.java的源码:
package com.testService;  
  
import android.app.Service;  
import android.content.Intent;  
import android.os.IBinder;  
import android.util.Log;  
  
public class MyService extends Service {  
    static public String ServiceState="";  
    @Override  
    public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) {  
        Log.e("Service", "onBind");  
        ServiceState="onBind";  
        return null;  
    }  
    @Override  
    public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent){  
        super.onUnbind(intent);  
        Log.e("Service", "onUnbind");  
        ServiceState="onUnbind";  
        return false;  
          
    }  
    @Override  
    public void onCreate(){  
        super.onCreate();  
        Log.e("Service", "onCreate");  
        ServiceState="onCreate";  
    }  
    @Override  
    public void onDestroy(){  
        super.onDestroy();  
        Log.e("Service", "onDestroy");  
        ServiceState="onDestroy";  
    }  
    @Override  
    public void onStart(Intent intent,int startid){  
        super.onStart(intent, startid);  
        Log.e("Service", "onStart");  
        ServiceState="onStart";  
    }  
  
}  

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