.net 调用web Service时集合序列化的解决方案

在.net中调用Web Service时，如果要返回一个集合，一般使用Dataset或DataTable(Framework　2.0后DataTable也可以序列化了）

DataSet 的优势是可以与XML实现自由转换，可以被.net以外的其他平台调用。

可以参考MSDN:通过 XML Web Services 使用数据集 (ADO.NET)http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/s5xy331f.aspx

遗 憾的是，如果客户端无法传递特定序列化的集合，如自定义的对象集合。

曾经看到萤火虫 这样用：XmlSerializer 序列化实体类来操作xml文件 http://www.cnblogs.com/Marvel/archive/2009/01/20/1379041.html

以 前有做法是转化为DataSet,今天试了下，发现可以不用DataSet也可以实现WebSercice传递序列集合。

新建一个 web service,并建一个三个类：

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Collections; using System.Xml; namespace DemoListsByWebService { #region Area public class Area { private string m_Area_ID; /// <summary> /// Area_ID /// </summary> public string Area_ID { get { return m_Area_ID; } set { m_Area_ID = value; } } private string m_Area_Name; /// <summary> /// Area_Name /// </summary> public string Area_Name { get { return m_Area_Name; } set { m_Area_Name = value; } } private double m_Area_Order; /// <summary> /// Area_Order /// </summary> public double Area_Order { get { return m_Area_Order; } set { m_Area_Order = value; } } } #endregion #region AreaCollection [Serializable] public class AreaCollection : CollectionBase { public AreaCollection() { } public AreaCollection(Area[] value) { } public Area this[int index] { get { return ((Area)(this.List[index])); } } public int Add(Area value) { return this.List.Add(value); } public void AddRange(Area[] value) { for (int i = 0; (i < value.Length); i = (i + 1)) { this.Add(value[i]); } } public void AddRange(AreaCollection value) { for (int i = 0; (i < value.Count); i = (i + 1)) { this.Add((Area)value.List[i]); } } public bool Contains(Area value) { return this.List.Contains(value); } public void CopyTo(Area[] array, int index) { this.List.CopyTo(array, index); } public int IndexOf(Area value) { return this.List.IndexOf(value); } public void Insert(int index, Area value) { List.Insert(index, value); } public void Remove(Area value) { List.Remove(value); } private int _maxItems = 0; public int MaxItems { get { return this._maxItems; } set { this._maxItems = value; } } public Area FindByID(string id) { for (int i = 0; (i < Count); i++) { if (this[i].Area_ID == id) { return this[i]; } } return null; } public string FindNameByID(string id) { for (int i = 0; (i < Count); i++) { if (this[i].Area_ID == id) { return this[i].Area_Name; } } return null; } public string FindIDByName(string cateName) { for (int i = 0; (i < Count); i++) { Area tempArea = this[i]; if (tempArea.Area_Name.Trim() == cateName.Trim()) { return tempArea.Area_ID; } } return null; } } [Serializable] public class AreaLists : List<Area> { //Extend your properties and methods by Tony . for more Help to //http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/s6hkc2c4.aspx private int _maxItems = 0; public int MaxItems { get { return this._maxItems; } set { this._maxItems = value; } } } #endregion }

注意对象集合必须添加属性 [Serializable]

再建一测试方法：
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Web; namespace DemoListsByWebService { public class MyMethods { #region Methods public static AreaLists GetTestArea() { AreaLists al = new AreaLists(); for (int i = 1; i < 11; i++) { Area a = new Area(); a.Area_ID = i.ToString(); a.Area_Name = "第" + i.ToString() + "名"; al.Add(a); } return al; } public static AreaCollection GetTestAreaCollection() { AreaCollection al = new AreaCollection(); for (int i = 1; i < 11; i++) { Area a = new Area(); a.Area_ID = i.ToString(); a.Area_Name = "第" + i.ToString() + "名"; al.Add(a); } return al; } #endregion } }

web Service提供的方法：
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Web; using System.Web.Services; namespace DemoListsByWebService { /// <summary> /// Summary description for Service1 /// </summary> [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")] [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)] [System.ComponentModel.ToolboxItem(false)] public class Service1 : System.Web.Services.WebService { [WebMethod(Description = "Get Areas")] public AreaLists GetTestArea() { try { AreaLists ac = MyMethods.GetTestArea(); return ac; } catch (Exception e) { return null; } } [WebMethod(Description = "Get AreaCollections")] public AreaCollection GetTestAreaCollection() { try { AreaCollection ac = MyMethods.GetTestAreaCollection(); return ac; } catch (Exception e) { return null; } } } }

服 务OK！　

新建一　Winform窗体项目，添加web service引用，http://localhost/DemoListsByWebService/Service1.asmx

在 主窗体中调用方法：
private void BindAreaList() { DemoWebServiceList.Service1 dl = new TestWebServiceOfLists.DemoWebServiceList.Service1(); DemoWebServiceList.Area[] ac = dl.GetTestArea(); cbArea.DataSource = ac; cbArea.DisplayMember = "Area_Name"; cbArea.ValueMember = "Area_ID"; cbArea.SelectedValue = "5"; lbResult.Text = "集合共：" + ac.Length.ToString() + "个元素！"; } private void BindAreaCollection() { DemoWebServiceList.Service1 dl = new TestWebServiceOfLists.DemoWebServiceList.Service1(); DemoWebServiceList.Area[] ac = dl.GetTestAreaCollection(); cbArea.DataSource = ac; cbArea.DisplayMember = "Area_Name"; cbArea.ValueMember = "Area_ID"; cbArea.SelectedValue = "5"; lbResult.Text = "集合共：" + ac.Length.ToString() + "个元素！"; }

注意： DemoWebServiceList.Area[]的集合个数不用Count,MaxItems,而用Length,因为这是一个重新序列化后的数组集 合。

省去了对象转换的烦恼！

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