我的android 第26天 - Contant Provider
介绍:Contant Provider 内容提供者,android四大组件之一,使用于多个应用同时使用同一份数据。它对不同的数据存储(file\sqlite\intent)进行了封装,提供了统一的数据访问方式.android系统内部很多内容都以内容提供者的形式共享输出,比如联系人信息、短信等
案例:采用Contant Provider 共享SQLite person表的数据,
实现增删改查等操作
一、Contant Provider机制
二、采用内容提供者共享数据实现过程
1、继承ContantProvider,重写以下方法
•boolean onCreate():创建ContantProvider时调用
•Uriinsert(Uri uri, ContentValues values)
插入操作
•int delete(Uri uri,String selection, String[] selectionArgs):删除操作
• intupdate(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[]selectionArgs):更新操作
• Cursor query(Uri uri,String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder):查询操作
•StringgetType(Uri uri):返回数据的MINE-TYPE
•
2、内容提供者为android四大组件之一,需要在AndroidManifest.xml中注册
public class PersonProvider extends ContentProvider { static UriMatcher matcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH); private static final int MULTI = 1; private static final int SINGLE = 2; static { // content://cn.itcast.sqlite.providers.personprovider/person matcher.addURI("cn.itcast.sqlite.providers.personprovider", "person", MULTI); // content://cn.itcast.sqlite.providers.personprovider/person/4 matcher.addURI("cn.itcast.sqlite.providers.personprovider", "person/#", SINGLE); } DBHelper helper; /** * 初始化ContentProvider的时候调用 */ public boolean onCreate() { helper = new DBHelper(getContext()); return false; } @Override public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) { SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getReadableDatabase(); switch (matcher.match(uri)) { case MULTI: //访问多条数据 content://cn.itcast.sqlite.providers.personprovider/person return db.query(PersonMgr.TABLE, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder); case SINGLE: // 访问单条数据 content://cn.itcast.sqlite.providers.personprovider/person/4 // 解析Uri尾部的id long id = ContentUris.parseId(uri); String where = PersonMgr.ID + " = " + id; if (selection!=null && !"".equals(selection.trim())) { where += " and " + selection; } return db.query(PersonMgr.TABLE, projection, where, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder); case UriMatcher.NO_MATCH: // uri不合法 throw new IllegalArgumentException("uri不合法"); } return null; } /** * 返回数据的MINE-TYPE : image/jpeg plain/text image/png */ public String getType(Uri uri) { switch (matcher.match(uri)) { case MULTI: //多条数据 content://cn.itcast.sqlite.providers.personprovider/person return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/person"; case SINGLE: // 单条数据 content://cn.itcast.sqlite.providers.personprovider/person/4 return "vnd.android.cursor.item/person"; case UriMatcher.NO_MATCH: // uri不合法 throw new IllegalArgumentException("uri不合法"); } return null; } @Override public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) { // content://cn.itcast.sqlite.providers.personprovider/person SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase(); switch (matcher.match(uri)) { case MULTI: // content://cn.itcast.sqlite.providers.personprovider/person long id = db.insert(PersonMgr.TABLE, null, values); db.close(); // 发出数据改变的通知 getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null); return ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, id); default: // uri不合法 throw new IllegalArgumentException("uri不合法"); } } @Override public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) { SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getReadableDatabase(); int result = 0; switch (matcher.match(uri)) { case MULTI: //多条数据 content://cn.itcast.sqlite.providers.personprovider/person result = db.delete(PersonMgr.TABLE, selection, selectionArgs); break; case SINGLE: // 单条数据 content://cn.itcast.sqlite.providers.personprovider/person/4 String where = PersonMgr.ID + "=" + ContentUris.parseId(uri); if (selection != null && !"".equals(selection.trim())) { where += " and " + selection; } result = db.delete(PersonMgr.TABLE, where, selectionArgs); break; case UriMatcher.NO_MATCH: // uri不合法 throw new IllegalArgumentException("uri不合法"); } db.close(); return result; } public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) { SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getReadableDatabase(); int result = 0; switch (matcher.match(uri)) { case MULTI: //多条数据 content://cn.itcast.sqlite.providers.personprovider/person result = db.update(PersonMgr.TABLE, values, selection, selectionArgs); break; case SINGLE: // 单条数据 content://cn.itcast.sqlite.providers.personprovider/person/4 String where = PersonMgr.ID + "=" + ContentUris.parseId(uri); if (selection != null && !"".equals(selection.trim())) { where += " and " + selection; } result = db.update(PersonMgr.TABLE, values, where, selectionArgs); break; case UriMatcher.NO_MATCH: // uri不合法 throw new IllegalArgumentException("uri不合法"); } db.close(); return result; } }
三、关注点
. 理解Android ContantProvider 机制
. Uri格式
. 运用UriMatcher匹配Uri
.运用ContentUris为Uri添加或截取尾部的ID数据
ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, 10):给Uri尾部添加10(id)
ContentUris.parseId(uri);//获取尾部的id
. 如何监听ContentProvider数据的改变
. getType:返回所访问数据的minetype(image/jpeg plain/text
image/png)
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