一、检索单个对象
Query和Criteria都提供了返回单个对象的方法uniqueResult()。先调用setMaxResult(1)方法,把最大检索数目设为1,在调用uniqueResult()方法。
Hx hx = (Hx)session.createQuery("from Hx").setMaxResults(1).uniqueResult();
Hx hx = (Hx)session.createCriteria(Hx.class).addOrder(Order.asc("name")).setMaxResults(1).uniqueResult();
与对象属性绑定
Hx hx = new Hx();
hx.setAge("33");
List list = session.createQuery("from Hx as c where c.age=:age").setProperties(hx).list();
SQL内连接
内连接就是传统的连接操作,用join连接关联表,on作为连接条件,where指定其他限定条件的查询,如:
select hx.name,hx.age,hxhome.home from hx join hxhome on hx.id=hxhome.hxid
SQL左外连接
在结果表中包含第一个表中满足的所有纪录,如果是在连接条件上匹配纪录,则第二个表返回相应的值,否则第二个表返回空值。如:
select hx.name,hx.age,hxhome.home from hx left join hxhome on hx.id=hxhome.hxid
SQL右外连接
在结果表中包含第二个表中满足的所有纪录,如果是在连接条件上匹配纪录,则第一个表返回相应的值,否则第一个表返回空值。如:
select hx.name,hx.age,hxhome.home from hx right outer join hxhome on hx.id=hxhome.hxid
二、Hibernate中各种连接
1.迫切左外连接
以下两种检索方式是等价的,它们都能同时迫切左外连接类B和类C:
//HQL迫切左外连接检索方式
from A a left join fetch a.b b left join fetch a.c c where b is not null and c is not null
//QBC迫切左外连接检索方式
List result=session.createCriteria(A.class).setFetchMode("this.b",FetchMode.EAGER).setFetchMode("this.c",FetchMode.EAGER).add(Expression.isNotNull("this.b")).add(Expression.isNotNull("this.c")).list();
迫切左外连接HQL:
Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
List list = session.createQuery("from Hxhome c left join fetch c.hx h") .list();
for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++)
{
Hxhome hh = (Hxhome)list.get(i);
System.out.println("homeid="+hh.getHxid());
System.out.println("home="+hh.getHome());
System.out.println("hxname="+hh.getHx().getName());
}
迫切左外连接QBC:
List list = session.createCriteria(Hxhome.class).setFetchMode("hx", FetchMode.EAGER).add(Expression.like("home","h%")).list();
for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++)
{
Hxhome hh = (Hxhome)list.get(i);
System.out.println("homeid="+hh.getHxid());
System.out.println("home="+hh.getHome());
System.out.println("hxname="+hh.getHx().getName());
}
QBC中的FetchMode
FetchMode.DEFAULT:表示采用映射文件中配置的检索策略
FetchMode.EAGER:覆盖映射文件中配置的检索策略,在程序中显示指定迫切左外连接检索策略
FetchMode.LAZY:覆盖映射文件中配置的检索策略,在程序中显示指定延迟检索策略
左外连接
HQL:
List list = session.createQuery("from Hxhome c left join c.hx ").list();
for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++)
{
Object[] zmx = (Object[])list.get(i);
Hx hx = (Hx)zmx[1];
Hxhome hh = (Hxhome)zmx[0];
System.out.println("hx="+hx.getName()+"---------hh="+hh.getHome());
}
左外连接
QBC不支持左外连接
内连接
HQL:
List list = session.createQuery("from Hxhome c join c.hx ").list();
for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++)
{
Object[] zmx = (Object[])list.get(i);
Hx hx = (Hx)zmx[1];
Hxhome hh = (Hxhome)zmx[0];
System.out.println("hx="+hx.getName()+"---------hh="+hh.getHome());
}
QBC:
List list =session.createCriteria(Hxhome.class).createAlias("hx", "h").add(Expression.like("home","h%")).list();
for(Iterator it=list.iterator();it.hasNext();)
{
Map map = (Map)it.next();
Hxhome hh = (Hxhome)map.get("this");
Hx hx = (Hx)map.get("h");
------------------------
}
右外连接
HQL:
List list = session.createQuery("from Hxhome c right join c.hx h").list();
for(Iterator it=list.iterator();it.hasNext();)
{
Object[] zmx = (Object[])it.next();
Hxhome hh = (Hxhome)zmx[0];
Hx hx = (Hx)zmx[1];
System.out.print(hh.getHome());
System.out.println(hx.getName());
}
右外连接
QBC:
不支持右外连接
HQL支持各种的连接查询
1、默认情况
from Hx c where c.name like ‘h%’
2、迫切左外连接
from Hx c left join fetch c.hxhome where c.name like ‘h%’
3、左连接
from Hx c left join c.hxhome where c.name like ‘h%’
4、迫切内连接
from Hx c join fetch c.hxhome where c.name like ‘h%’
5、内连接
from Hx c join c.hxhome where c.name like ‘h%’
6、右外连接
from Hx c right join c.hxhome where c.name like ‘h%’
三、报表查询
1、投影查询
2、使用聚集函数
3、分组查询
投影查询
投影查询:指查询结果仅包含部分实体或实体的部分属性,通过select关键字来实现。select关键字用于选择对象的部分属性,例如:
Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
Iterator it = session.createQuery("select c.name,c.age,h.home from Hx c join c.homes h where c.id>0 ").list().iterator();
while(it.hasNext())
{
Object[] row = (Object[])it.next();
String age = (String)row[1];
String home = (String)row[2];
System.out.println("|age="+age+"|home="+home);
}
tx.commit();
session.close();
投影查询
过滤结果中的重复数据—使用set
Iterator it = session.createQuery("select c.name from Hx c").iterate();
Set set = new HashSet();
while(it.hasNext())
{
String it1 = set.iterator();
while(it1.hasNext())
{
String name1 = (String)it1.next();
System.out.println("name1="+name1);
}
}}} }
投影查询也可以使用distinct关键字来过滤重复记录
Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
Iterator it = session.createQuery("select distinct c.name from Hx c").iterate();
while(it.hasNext())
{
String c.ID,c.NAME,o.ORDER_NUMBER
from CUSTOMERS c inner join ORDERS o
on c.ID=o.CUSTOMER_ID where o.ORDER_NUMBER like 'T%';
以上查询语句的查询结果如下:
+----+------+--------------+
| ID | NAME | ORDER_NUMBER |
+----+------+--------------+
| 1 | Tom | Tom_Order001 |
| 1 | Tom | Tom_Order002 |
| 1 | Tom | Tom_Order003 |
+----+------+--------------+
Query的list()方法返回的集合中包含三个对象数组类型的元素,每个对象数组代表以上查询结果的一条记录。
使用聚集函数
在HQL中可以调用
Count:统计函数
Min:求最小值函数
Max:求最大值函数
Sum:求和函数
Avg:求平均数函数
Count:统计函数
Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
Integer count = (Integer)session.createQuery("select count(*) from Hx").uniqueResult();
System.out.print(count);
tx.commit();
session.close();
Avg:求平均数函数
Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
Float count = (Float)session.createQuery("select avg(c.id) from Hx c").uniqueResult();
System.out.print(count);
tx.commit();
session.close();
Sum:求和函数
Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
Integer count = (Integer)session.createQuery("select sum(c.id) from Hx c").uniqueResult();
System.out.print(count);
tx.commit();
session.close();
Min:求最小值函数 Max:求最大值函数
Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
Object[] count = (Object[])session.createQuery("select min(c.age),max(c.age) from Hx c").uniqueResult();
String min = (String)count[0];
String max = (String)count[1];
System.out.print("min="+min+"|max="+max);
tx.commit();
session.close();
分组查询
Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
Iterator it = session.createQuery("select c.name,count(c) from Hx c group by c.name").iterate();
while(it.hasNext())
{
Object[] oc = (Object[])it.next();
String count = (Integer)oc[1];
System.out.println(name+":"+count);
}
tx.commit();
session.close();