Struts2简单的验证,访问web元素
(五)Struts2简单的验证
这里使用的简单验证是Struts2中最简单的验证.
但是不得不说,struts2的验证系统还是没有JSF的好用.
首先是struts.xml文件配置
<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default"> <!-- action name is Visit URL's path,you can write 'hello.jsp' or 'hello' or 'hello.action' --> <!-- <action name="hello"> result不写name,其实name就是 name="success" <result> /hello.jsp </result> </action> --> <!-- 如果不写class,默认执行的是Action所要继承的类:ActionSupport --> <action name="index" class="org.credo.action.IndexAction"> <!-- result不写name,其实name就是 name="success" --> <result> /index.jsp </result> <result name="error"> /userinfo/success.jsp </result> </action> </package>
这里新添加了result name=error的配置.而不写默认是success.
其次是action的配置.
package org.credo.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class IndexAction extends ActionSupport{
/**
* 企业开发一般都必须使用继承ActionSupport接口来做.
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name;
public String execute(){
System.out.println("name:"+name);
if(name == null || !name.trim().equals("admin")){
this.addFieldError("name", "name is error");
this.addFieldError("name", "name is too long");
this.addFieldError("name2", "name is too long");
return ERROR;
}
return SUCCESS;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
在这里,可以看到this.addFieldError这个添加验证错误的信息.
接着就是UI页面:
<form action="index" method="post"> 姓名：<input type="text" name="name"></input> <input type="submit" value="submit" /> </form> </body> </html>
这里是一个简单的文版框,submit之后,用post传入到action类中.进行自动验证.
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'MyJsp.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<s:text name="success">Success</s:text>
<s:fielderror fieldName="name" theme="simple"/><br/>
123,filedName等于this.addFieldError("name", "name is error");中的"name",样式默认就为"simple"<br/>
<br/>
<s:property value="errors" /><br/>
<s:property value="errors.name[1]"/>
//errors是map,name是数组,so....
<br/>
//下面是struts ValueStack debug,s:property可以通过NAME获取值.
<s:debug></s:debug>
</body>
</html>
上面是跳转到的错误页面.
这里使用了2个struts2的标签.一个是<s:filedName>一个是<s:property>
第一个的说明很完全了.而第二个对应的是<s:debug>中的errors(是一个map)的value(是一个数组).filedName同理.
这里就是后台你手动传入的参数.
所有的struts2的验证,这个是最基本的,也是最常用的一个.
(六)Struts2访问web元素
首要的目的是获取到request,session,application. HttpServletRequest,HttpServletSession,ServletContext的引用.
取得Map类型request,session,application,真实类型 HttpServletRequest, HttpSession, ServletContext的引用:
公用代码如下:
UI界面index.jsp代码:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %> <html> <body> This is my login page. <br> <br> 取得Map类型request,session,application,真实类型 HttpServletRequest, HttpSession, ServletContext的引用: <br/> <form action="" name="loginForm" id="loginFormId" method="post"> 用户名:<input type="text" name="name" id="nameId" /> 密 码:<input type="password" name="pwd" id="pwdId" /><br/> <input type="button" value="submit1" onclick="javascript:document.loginForm.action='login/login1';document.loginForm.submit();" /> <input type="button" value="submit2" onclick="javascript:document.loginForm.action='login/login2';document.loginForm.submit();" /> <input type="button" value="submit3" onclick="javascript:document.loginForm.action='login/login3';document.loginForm.submit();" /> <input type="button" value="submit4" onclick="javascript:document.loginForm.action='login/login4';document.loginForm.submit();" /> </form> </body> </html>
UI界面跳转的页面代码:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<body>
Successful~~~~! <br>
s:property是用标签访问ActionContext中的值,也就是StackContext.<br/>
Stack Context--->These items are available using the #key notation!<br/>
所以可以使用Struts标签,来像下面代码那样直接获取值.<br/>
<s:property value="#request.r1" />||<%=request.getAttribute("r1") %><br>
<s:property value="#session.s1" />||<%=session.getAttribute("s1") %><br>
<s:property value="#application.a1" />||<%=application.getAttribute("a1") %><br>
<s:property value="#attr.r1" /><br>
<s:property value="#attr.s1" /><br>
<s:property value="#attr.a1" /><br>
attr这个属性用的很少,因为不确定性,你该明白你把你的数据放在什么地方了.<br/>
如果request和session都有值的name,获取会获取第一个,由此出现问题.
<s:debug></s:debug>
</body>
</html>
struts.xml配置文件:
<package name="login" namespace="/login" extends="struts-default">
<action name="login*" class="org.credo.action.LoginAction{1}">
<result>/login/success.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
(一)最常用的方法:
package org.credo.action;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ApplicationAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.RequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.SessionAware;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
/**
* 依赖注入DI/控制反转IOC,本例是最常用的方法!!!!!
*/
public class LoginAction2 extends ActionSupport implements RequestAware,SessionAware,ApplicationAware{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private Map<String,Object> request;
private Map<String,Object> session;
private Map<String,Object> application;
//依赖注入(DI),request依赖于容器(Struts2)调用RequestAwre方法注入数据.
//控制反转 (IOC),把自己做的事情交给了别人去做.
public String execute(){
request.put("r1", "r1");
session.put("s1", "s1");
application.put("a1", "a1");
return SUCCESS;
}
@Override
public void setApplication(Map<String, Object> application) {
this.application= application;
}
@Override
public void setSession(Map<String, Object> session) {
this.session=session;
}
@Override
public void setRequest(Map<String, Object> request) {
this.request=request;
}
}
(二)方法2:
package org.credo.action;
import java.util.Map;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
//这种方法依赖于Struts2,依赖于容器.
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
public class LoginAction1 extends ActionSupport{
/**
* 首要的目的是获取到request,session,application. HttpServletRequest,HttpServletSession,ServletContext的引用.
* public class ActionContext implements Serializable {
* static ThreadLocal actionContext = new ThreadLocal();
*如山是ActionContext的实现,是一个实现了序列化的本地线程.也就是说Context是整个线程中的运行环境.
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private Map request;
private Map session;
private Map application;
//ActionContext就是<s:debug>显示的StackContext.
//ActionContext
public LoginAction1(){
//ActionContext.getContext()不是一个单例.是一个本地线程,ThreadLocal,但是在这个线程里他是单例.
request=(Map) ActionContext.getContext().get("request");
session=ActionContext.getContext().getSession();
application=ActionContext.getContext().getApplication();
//request,session,application在页面中访问的是HttpServletRequest,HttpServletSession,ServletContext
}
// 后台MAP形式的request,session,application,
//而前台的HttpServletRequest,HttpServletSession,ServletContext是Struts2把后台数据都填充到其中.
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public String execute(){
request.put("r1", "r1");
session.put("s1", "s1");
application.put("a1", "a1");
return SUCCESS;
}
}
(三)方法3:
package org.credo.action;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
//固定写法,基本不用.
public class LoginAction3 extends ActionSupport{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private HttpServletRequest request;
private HttpSession session;
private ServletContext application;
public LoginAction3(){
request=ServletActionContext.getRequest();
session=request.getSession();
application=session.getServletContext();
}
public String execute(){
request.setAttribute("r1", "r1");
session.setAttribute("s1", "s1");
application.setAttribute("a1", "a1");
return SUCCESS;
}
}
(四)方法4:
package org.credo.action;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class LoginAction4 extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware{
/**
* 这个也是IOC的,但是实现的是ServletRequestAware接口.也不常用.
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private HttpServletRequest request;
private HttpSession session;
private ServletContext application;
@Override
public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
this.request= request;
this.session=request.getSession();
this.application=session.getServletContext();
}
public String execute(){
request.setAttribute("r1", "r1");
session.setAttribute("s1", "s1");
application.setAttribute("a1", "a1");
return SUCCESS;
}
}