【JDK7】新特性(8) 异步io/AIO

概述
    JDK7引入了Asynchronous I/O。I/O编程中,常用到两种模式:Reactor 和 Proactor。Reactor就是Java的NIO。当有事件触发时,我们得到通知,进行相应的处理。Proactor就是我们今天要讲的 AIO了。AIO进行I/O操作,都是异步处理,当事件完成时,我们会得到通知。
    JDK7的 AIO包括网络和文件操作。两者大同小异,本文通过一个完整的客户端/服务器Sample来详细说明aio的网络操作。
    AIO提供了两种异步操作的监听机制。第一种通过返回一个Future对象来事件,调用其get()会等到操作完成。第二种类似于回调函数。在进行异步操作时,传递一个CompletionHandler,当异步操作结束时,会调用CompletionHandler.complete 接口

范例
    这个范例功能比较简单,就是客户端向服务端发送一个“test”命令,然后结束。
    服务端程序 Sever.java
    Java代码:

import java.io.IOException;  
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;  
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;  
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousServerSocketChannel;  
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousSocketChannel;  
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;  
import java.util.concurrent.Future;  
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;  
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;  
  
public class Server {  
    private AsynchronousServerSocketChannel server;  
      
    public Server()throws IOException{  
        server = AsynchronousServerSocketChannel.open().bind(new InetSocketAddress(8888));  
    }  
      
    public void start() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException{  
        Future<AsynchronousSocketChannel> future = server.accept();  
        AsynchronousSocketChannel socket = future.get();  
         
        ByteBuffer readBuf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);  
        socket.read(readBuf).get(100, TimeUnit.SECONDS);  
          
        System.out.printf("Receiver:%s%n",new String(readBuf.array()));  
    }  
      
    public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception{  
        new Server().start();  
    }  
}
    客户端程序 (Future版本)
    J ava代码:
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;  
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;  
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousSocketChannel;  
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;  
  
public class AIOClientWithFuture {  
    private final AsynchronousSocketChannel client;  
      
    public AIOClientWithFuture() throws IOException{  
        client = AsynchronousSocketChannel.open();  
    }  
      
    public void sendMsg() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException{  
        client.connect(new InetSocketAddress("localhost",8888));  
        client.write(ByteBuffer.wrap("test".getBytes())).get();  
    }  
    public static void main(String...args) throws Exception{  
        AIOClientWithFuture client = new AIOClientWithFuture();  
        client.sendMsg();  
    }  
} 
    客户端程序(CompleteHandler版本)
     Java代码:
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;  
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;  
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousSocketChannel;  
import java.nio.channels.CompletionHandler;  
  
public class AIOClientWithHandler {  
    private final AsynchronousSocketChannel client ;  
      
    public AIOClientWithHandler() throws Exception{  
       client = AsynchronousSocketChannel.open();  
    }  
      
    public void start()throws Exception{  
        client.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1",8888),null,new CompletionHandler<Void,Void>() {  
            @Override  
            public void completed(Void result, Void attachment) {  
                try {  
                    client.write(ByteBuffer.wrap("test".getBytes())).get();  
                } catch (Exception ex) {  
                    ex.printStackTrace();  
                }  
            }  
  
            @Override  
            public void failed(Throwable exc, Void attachment) {  
                exc.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        });  
    }  
      
    public static void main(String args[])throws Exception{  
        new AIOClientWithHandler().start();  
    }  
}  


相关类说明:
    AsynchronousSocketChannel 跟 SocketChannel操作类似,只不过改成异步接口了
    AsynchronousServerSocketChannel跟ServerSocketChannel操作类似,只不过改成异步接口了
    CompletionHandler 接口包括两个方法
        void completed(V result, A attachment);
        void failed(Throwable exc, A attachment);

总结:
    本文只是对jdk7的aio使用做了一个简单的说明。至于其性能提升多少,如何改进现有的网络应用程序,还在摸索中。这里推荐一个比较成熟的网络框架Project Grizzly:http://grizzly.dev.java.net。据说已经用aio重新实现了,有兴趣的同学可以去研究一下源码。

参考资料:
    (以下有些资料使用的jdk7版本太低,很多接口已经更改了,慎入!:)

http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-nio2-1/index.html?

http://www.iteye.com/topic/446298

http://www.iteye.com/topic/472333

【JDK7】新特性(1)概述:http://my.oschina.net/zhengjian/blog/94467
【JDK7】新特性(2)语法:http://my.oschina.net/zhengjian/blog/94473
【JDK7】新特性(3)JDBC4.1:http://my.oschina.net/zhengjian/blog/95070
【JDK7】新特性(4)NIO2.0 文件系统:http://my.oschina.net/zhengjian/blog/95071
【JDK7】新特性(5)fork/join 框架:http://my.oschina.net/zhengjian/blog/95072
【JDK7】新特性(6)监听文件系统的更改:http://my.oschina.net/zhengjian/blog/95077
【JDK7】新特性(7)监听文件系统的更改:http://my.oschina.net/zhengjian/blog/95078
【JDK7】新特性(8)异步io/AIO:http://my.oschina.net/zhengjian/blog/95081

原文地址: http://janeky.iteye.com/blog/1073695

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