linux 下搭建apache与php cenos

linux下的Apache2 + mysql5 + php5 安装详解 zt (2008-03-04 12:12)
分类： linux
linux下的Apache2 + mysql5 + php5 源码完整安装详解

原来出处找不到了，恰巧是您的大作请海涵:-)
一：准备软件包，存放/home/xiutuo/software/目录下。

主要软件包，
1. httpd-2.2.6.tar.gz
2. mysql-5.0.45-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz (这个版本是已编译好的压缩包，解压后稍做配置即可使用)
3. php-5.2.5.tar.gz

安装php所需的软件包（其中libxml2是安装php5必须的.）
1. libxml2-(version).tar.gz ---> http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sources/libxm2
2. libxslt-(version).tar.gz ---> http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sources/libxslt
3. curl-(version).tar.gz   ---> http://curl.haxx.se/download

GD库所需要软件包（有人说PHP源码包里自带了GD2.0.28和zlib，只要安装GD的三个支持包：jpg,png和freetype，但是我们还是下载）
1. gd-(version).tar.gz     ---> http://www.libgd.org/Main_Page or http://www.libgd.org/releases/
2. freetype-(version).tar.gz ---> http://sourceforge.net/projects/freetype
3. jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz     ---> http://ijg.org/files/jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz
4. libpng-(version).tar.gz   ---> http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/libpng.html
5. zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz       ---> http://www.zlib.net

把以上所有软件包下载到：/root/Software/目录下.

二：安装mysql

# tar -zvxf mysql-5.0.45-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql
# cp -r mysql-5.0.45 /usr/local/mysql
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql //开机启动mysql
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

添加mysql用户及用户组
# groupadd mysql
# useradd -g mysql mysql
修改mysql目录权限
# chown -R root /usr/local/mysql
# chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql
# chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/data
生成mysql系统数据库
# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql& //启动mysql服务
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql&
如出现 Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data 代表正常启动mysql服务了.
按Ctrl + C 跳出修改 mysql 的 root 密码
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p password "123456"

三：安装GD库(让PHP支持GIF,PNG,JPEG)
a.安装 jpeg6 建立目录：
# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6
# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/bin
# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/lib
# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/include
# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/man
# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/man1
# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/man/man1
# cd /root/Software/
# tar -zvxf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz
# cd jpeg6
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg6/ --enable-shared --enable-static
# make
# make install

b.libpng包(支持PNG)
# cd /root/Software/
# tar -zvxf libpng-(version).tar.gz
# cd libpng-(version)
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libpng
# make
#> make install

c.安装 freetype
# cd /root/Software/
# tar -zvxf freetype-(version).tar.gz
# cd freetype-(version)
# mkdir -p /usr/local/freetype
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype
# make
# make install

d.安装zlib
# cd /root/Software/
# tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz
# cd zlib.1.2.3
# mkdir /usr/local/zlib
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib
# make
# make install

e.安装GD库
# cd /root/Software/
# tar -zvxf gd-(version).tar.gz
# mkdir -p /usr/local/gd2
# cd gd-(version)
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd2 --with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg6 --with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib --with-png=/usr/local/libpng --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype
# make
# make install

e.安装Curl库
# cd /root/Software/
# tar -zxf curl-(version).tar.gz
# mkdir -p /usr/local/curl
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/curl
# make
# make install

四：安装apache2
# cd /roo/Software/
# tar -zvxf httpd-2.2.6.tar.gz
# cd httpd-2.2.6
# mkdir -p /usr/local/apache2
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-modules=so --enable-rewrite
# make
# make install
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -k start //启动apahce
用浏览器查看http://localhost,得到it works，说明apache已经配置成功了.
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -k stop //停止apache

五：安装php5，php5必须有libxml2支持!
a. 安装libxml2
# cd /root/Software/
# tar -zvxf libxml2-(version).tar.gz
# cd libxml2-(version)
# mkdir -p /usr/local/libxml2
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
# make
# make install

这上安装不成功用这个
/lib/cpp fails sanity check的解决


在某些软件的时候，运行./configure 会报错，错误提示为：


configure: error: C++ preprocessor “/lib/cpp” fails sanity
check See `config.log’ for more details


解决办法：出现该情况是由于c++编译器的相关package没有安装，以root用户登陆，在终端上执行：


# yum install glibc-headers


# yum install gcc-c++
还是不成功(php)用下面这个
yum install libxml2-devel

b.安装 libxslt (可选安装，你可以不安装)
# cd /root/Software/
# tar -zvxf libxslt-(version).tar.gz
# mkdir -p /usr/local/libxslt
# cd libxslt-(version)
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxslt --with-libxml-prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
# make
# make install

c.安装php5
# cd /root/Software/
# tar -zvxf php-(version).tar.gz
# mkdir -p /usr/local/php5
# cd php-(version)
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5 --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs \
>--with-gd=/usr/local/gd2 --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg6 \
>--with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib \
>--with-png-dir=/usr/local/libpng \
>--with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype -\
>--enable-trace-vars --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
>--enable-mbstring=all --with-curl=/usr/local/curl --enable-mbregex \
>--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php5 --enable-ftp \
>--enable-soap --with-xsl=/usr/local/libxslt

# make
# make install
# cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php5/php.ini （别忘记了呵呵）

六：重新配置apache2让他支持php

# cd /usr/local/apache2/conf
# vim httpd.conf
在LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so
添加AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

OK,基本的安装已经完成.
重新起动APACHE:
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
如果重新起动APACHE出现:
Syntax error on line 232 of /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf: Cannot load /usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp5.so into server:
/usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp4.so: cannot restore segment prot after reloc: Permission denied
那就要按照下面的方法解决:

1.chcon -t texrel_shlib_t /usr/local/apache2/modules/*.so

2.编辑/etc/selinux/config，找到这段：
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - SELinux is fully disabled.
SELINUX=enforcing

把 SELINUX=enforcing 注释掉：#SELINUX=enforcing ，然后新加一行为：
SELINUX=disabled
保存，关闭。

编辑/etc/sysconfig/selinux，找到:
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - SELinux is fully disabled.
SELINUX=enforcing

如果SELINUX已经是 SELINUX=disabled，那么就不用改了，否则就把SELINUX=enforcing 注释掉，新加一行：
SELINUX=disabled
保存，退出。

ok，web环境apache2+mysql5+php5就介绍到这里。更详细的apache2的配置和mysql配置和php.ini的配置参考相应文档