python config

Python模块之: ConfigParser 配置文件读取

http://zhangjunhd.blog.51cto.com/113473/348863 

http://docs.python.org/library/configparser.html 

http://www.linux-field.com/?p=437 

1.读取配置文件

-read(filename)  直接读取 ini 文件内容

-sections()  得到所有的 section ，并以列表的形式返回

-options(section)  得到该 section 的所有 option

-items(section)  得到该 section 的所有键值对

-get(section,option)  得到 section 中 option 的值，返回为 string 类型

-getint(section,option)  得到 section 中 option 的值，返回为 int 类型

 

2. 写入 配置文件

-add_section(section)  添加一个新的 section

-set( section, option, value)  对 section 中的 option 进行设置

          需要调用 write 将内容写入配置文件。

 

3. 例子

test.conf

[sec_a] a_key1 = 20 a_key2 = 10   [sec_b] b_key1 = 121 b_key2 = b_value2 b_key3 = $r b_key4 = 127.0.0.1

 

parse_test_conf.py

import  ConfigParser   cf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()   #read config cf.read( "test.conf" )   # return all section secs = cf.sections() print  'sections:' , secs   opts = cf.options( "sec_a" ) print  'options:' , opts   kvs = cf.items( "sec_a" ) print  'sec_a:' , kvs   #read by type str_val = cf.get( "sec_a" ,  "a_key1" ) int_val = cf.getint( "sec_a" ,  "a_key2" )   print  "value for sec_a's a_key1:" , str_val print  "value for sec_a's a_key2:" , int_val   #write config #update value cf.set( "sec_b" ,  "b_key3" ,  "new-$r" ) #set a new value cf.set( "sec_b" ,  "b_newkey" ,  "new-value" ) #create a new section cf.add_section( 'a_new_section' ) cf.set( 'a_new_section' ,  'new_key' ,  'new_value' )   #write back to configure file cf.write(open( "test.conf" ,  "w" ))

 

print

sections: ['sec_b', 'sec_a']

options: ['a_key1', 'a_key2']

sec_a: [('a_key1', "i'm value"), ('a_key2', '22')]

value for sec_a's a_key1: i'm value

value for sec_a's a_key2: 22

 

更新后的 test.conf

[sec_b] b_newkey = new-value b_key4 = 127.0.0.1 b_key1 = 121 b_key2 = b_value2 b_key3 = new-$r   [sec_a] a_key1 = i'm value a_key2 = 22   [a_new_section] new_key = new_value

 

4. 可能抛出的异常

exception NoSectionError Exception raised when a specified section is not found. exception DuplicateSectionError Exception raised if add_section() is called with the name of a section that is already present. exception NoOptionError Exception raised when a specified option is not found in the specified section. exception InterpolationError Base class for exceptions raised when problems occur performing string interpolation. exception InterpolationDepthError Exception raised when string interpolation cannot be completed because the number of iterations exceeds MAX_INTERPOLATION_DEPTH. Subclass of InterpolationError. exception InterpolationMissingOptionError Exception raised when an option referenced from a value does not exist. Subclass of InterpolationError. New in version 2.3. exception InterpolationSyntaxError Exception raised when the source text into which substitutions are made does not conform to the required syntax. Subclass of InterpolationError. New in version 2.3. exception MissingSectionHeaderError Exception raised when attempting to parse a file which has no section headers. exception ParsingError Exception raised when errors occur attempting to parse a file.