nagios+rrdtoll+pnp个人参考资料
nagios+rrdtool+pnp 分析图表
(2012-04-18 16:13:42)
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nagios 对服务或主机监控的是一个瞬时状态，有时候管理员需要了解主机一段时间内的性能及服务的响应状态，并且形成图表，这时就会用到pnp。
pnp是基于php和perl的，pnp可以利用rrdtool工具将nagios采集的数据绘制成相关的图表，然后显示主机或者服务在一段时间内的运行状况。
如果要安装pnp，需要安装如下环境：
1）整合后的apache和php环境，需支持GD、zlib、jpeg
2）安装rrdtool工具
3）安装perl
1.安装PNP
首先安装rrdtool-1.4.5.tar.gz
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool
make
make install
接着安装pnp-0.4.13.tar.gz
./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group-nagios --with-rrdtool==/usr/local/rrdtool/bin/rrdtool --with-perfdata-dir=/usr/local/nagios/share/perfdata
make all
make install
make install-config
make install-init
2.配置PNP
(1)创建默认配置文件
cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/pnp
cp npcd.cfg-sample npcd.cfg
cp process_perfdata.cfg-sample process_perfdata.cfg
cp rra.cfg-sample rra.cfg
chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/etc/pnp
（2）修改process_perfdata.cfg文件
LOG_FILE = /usr/local/nagios/var/perfdata.log
#
# Loglevel 0=silent 1=normal 2=debug
#
LOG_LEVEL = 2
这里将日志级别改为2，即debug模式
3.修改nagios配置文件
（1）修改nagios.cfg
pnp是通过调用nagios的数据来生成图表的，所以需要开启nagios的数据输出功能
process_performance_data=1 ###开启数据输出功能
host_perfdata_command=process-host-perfdata
service_perfdata_command=process-service-perfdata
（2）修改commands.cfg
process-host-perfdata和process-service-perfdata指令声明了nagios输出哪些值到输出文件，pnp定义了一个perl脚本process_perfdata.pl，可以将指令中对应的执行命令替换成此脚本
# 'process-host-perfdata' command definition
define command{
command_name process-host-perfdata
command_line /usr/local/nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl
}
# 'process-service-perfdata' command definition
define command{
command_name process-service-perfdata
command_line /usr/local/nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl
}
（3）修改hosts.cfg和services.cfg文件
在hosts.cfg文件中增加以下代码：
define host {
name hosts-pnp
register 0
action_url /nagios/pnp/index.php?host=$HOSTNAME$
process_perf_data 1
}
并给每个主机增加一句：
use hosts-pnp 意思是将hosts-pnp引用
在services.cfg文件中增加以下代码：
define service {
name services-pnp
register 0
action_url /nagios/pnp/index.php?host=$HOSTNAME$&srv=$SERVICEDESC$
process_perf_data 1
}
并给每个服务增加一句：
use services-pnp 意思是将services-pnp引用
4.测试pnp功能
重启nagios
/etc/init.d/nagios restart
在目录/usr/local/nagios/share/perfdata下会生成以主机名命名的文件夹
访问主页，在每个主机后面会有一个小太阳图标，点击进行就能看见图表了
5.报错修改
（1）点击小太阳也能会报以下这种错误：
Warning: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings.You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/no DST' instead in /usr/local/nagios/share/pnp/include/function.inc.php on line 557
Deprecated: Function eregi() is deprecated in /usr/local/nagios/share/pnp/include/function.inc.php on line 1541
Deprecated: Function eregi() is deprecated in /usr/local/nagios/share/pnp/include/function.inc.php on line 1541
Deprecated: Function eregi() is deprecated in /usr/local/nagios/share/pnp/include/function.inc.php on line 1541
这是因为pnp-0.4.14对PHP 5.3.0的支持还不是很好，其中有几个bug需要修改：
根据错误提示打开
vi /usr/local/nagios/share/pnp/include/function.inc.php
找到行1541附近修改为
if($level == 2 && $type == "complete" && preg_match("/^NAGIOS_/",$tag)){
还会有两处错误需要修改，根据提示找到对应行进行修改：
line 556: 添加：date_default_timezone_set('UTC');
line 1033：修改为$pdf = new PDF('P', 'mm', 'A4'); 删除&
再重新重启nagios，应该就能看到图表了
终于搞定搞定，中间安装的时候还报了很多次错误，大部分都是你的包没有装完全，只要按照错误提示把相应的包安装好就OK了，先确认是否有以下rpm包：
rpm -qa |grep zlib
zlib-1.1.4-8
zlib-devel-1.1.4-8
rpm -qa |grep libpng
libpng-1.2.10-7.1.el5_3.2
libpng-devel-1.2.10-7.1.el5_3.2
rpm -qa |grep freetype
freetype-2.2.1-21.el5_3
freetype-devel-2.2.1-21.el5_3
rpm -qa |grep libart_lgpl
libart_lgpl-devel-2.3.17-4
libart_lgpl-2.3.17-4
-----------
pnp4nagios “RRDs Perl Modules: *** NOT FOUND ***”
2012-03-16 13:38:34| 分类： 默认分类 | 标签： |字号大中小 订阅
1.检查模块是否存在：
[root@localhost pnp4nagios-0.6.16]# perl -MRRDs -le 'print q(ok!)'
Can't locate RRDs.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/lib64/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8 .).
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted.
[root@localhost pnp4nagios-0.6.16]#ln -s /usr/local/rrdtool-1.4.7/lib/perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/RRDs.pm /usr/lib64/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/
2.此检查模块是否存在：
[root@localhost pnp4nagios-0.6.16]# perl -MRRDs -le 'print q(ok!)'
Can't locate loadable object for module RRDs in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/lib64/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8 .) at -e line 0
Compilation failed in require.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted.
[root@localhost pnp4nagios-0.6.16]# ln -s /usr/local/rrdtool-1.4.7/lib/perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/auto/RRDs/RRDs.so /usr/lib64/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/
3.此次检查模块是否存在：
[root@localhost pnp4nagios-0.6.16]# perl -MRRDs -le 'print q(ok!)'
ok!
----
要实现Nagios数据的图像化需要使用第三方的软件，PNPNagios可以完成这个任务，PNPNagios的原名为php，下载地址为http://sourceforge.net/projects/pnp4nagios/，它利用RRDTool工具将Nagios的数据生成图形，以便更直观的查看，而且可以查看历史记录。
PNPNagios的安装与设置
如果解决了PNPNagios软件的依赖性，那么它还是比较好安装的，因此在具体的安装中，首先要根据下面提到的“软件依赖性”安装相关的软件或者模块，然后再安装PNPNagios软件。
软件依赖性
要安装使用pnp4nagios需要以下软件：
u Perl >= 5.x，不需要其它额外的模块；
u RRDtool >= 1.x，1.2版本更好，但是并不强制使用这个版本；
u PHP >= 5.1.6 基于Kohana的web前端的需要；
u Nagios >= 2.x 或者是Icinga；
u Kohana需要启用“mod_rewrite”模块
注意：安装RRDtool没有安装包管理器可能会导致丢失dejavu字体，如果查看图像没有字体时，那么可能是由于这个问题引起的。
下载安装
首先来安装rrdtool，在这里比较简单的节选了部分安装过程：
|
[root@ff ~]# tar -zxvf rrdtool- 1.2.15 .tar.gz [root@ff ~]# cd rrdtool- 1.2.15 [root@ff rrdtool- 1.2.15 ]# ./configure
---------------------------------------------------------------- Config is DONE!
With MMAP IO: yes Perl Modules: perl_piped perl_shared Perl Binary: /usr/bin/perl Perl Version: 5.8.5 Perl Options: PREFIX=/usr/local/rrdtool- 1.2.15 LIB=/usr/local/rrdtool-1.2.15/lib/perl/5.8.5 Build Tcl Bindings: yes Build Python Bindings: yes Build rrdcgi: yes Build librrd MT: yes
Type 'make' to compile the software and use 'make install' to install everything to: /usr/local/rrdtool- 1.2.15 .
... that wishlist is NO JOKE. If you find RRDtool useful make me happy. Go to http://people.ee.ethz.ch/oetiker/wish and place an order.
-- Tobi Oetiker <[email protected]> ---------------------------------------------------------------- [root@ff rrdtool- 1.2.15 ]# make [root@ff rrdtool- 1.2.15 ]# make install |
因为下面的安装中需要rrdtool的安装目录，因此在这里有必要提一下，下面来下载并安装PNP4Nagios。
点击上面的图标下载最新版本的安装包，下面是命令行的下载：
| [root@s10 ~]# wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pnp4nagios/PNP-0.6/pnp4nagios- 0.6.17 .tar.gz --16:03:19-- http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pnp4nagios/PNP-0.6/pnp4nagios- 0.6.17 .tar.gz => `pnp4nagios- 0.6.17 .tar.gz' 正在解析主机 jaist.dl.sourceforge.net... 150.65.7.130 正在连接 jaist.dl.sourceforge.net[150.65.7.130]:80... 已连接。 已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK 长度：3,006,338 [application/x-gzip]
100%[===========================>] 3,006,338 709.85K/s ETA 00:00
16:03:25 (649.88 KB/s) - `pnp4nagios- 0.6.17 .tar.gz' saved [3,006,338/3,006,338]
[root@s10 ~]# |
解压安装包：
| [root@ff ~]# tar -zxvf pnp4nagios- 0.6.17 .tar.gz [root@ff ~]# cd pnp4nagios- 0.6.17 |
执行configure：
| [root@ff pnp4nagios- 0.6.17 ]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pnp4nagios --with-rrdtool=/usr/local/rrdtool-1.2.15/bin/rrdtool
*** Configuration summary for pnp4nagios-0.6.17 03-25-2012 ***
General Options: ------------------------- ------------------- Nagios user/group: nagios nagios Install directory: /usr/local/pnp4nagios HTML Dir: /usr/local/pnp4nagios/share Config Dir: /usr/local/pnp4nagios/etc Location of rrdtool binary: /usr/local/rrdtool- 1.2.15 /bin/rrdtool Version 1.2.15 RRDs Perl Modules: *** NOT FOUND *** RRD Files stored in: /usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/perfdata process_perfdata.pl Logfile: /usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/perfdata.log Perfdata files (NPCD) stored in: /usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/spool
Web Interface Options: ------------------------- ------------------- HTML URL: http://localhost/pnp4nagios Apache Config File: /etc/httpd/conf.d/pnp4nagios.conf
Review the options above for accuracy. If they look okay, type 'make all' to compile.
WARNING: The RRDs Perl Modules are not found on your system Using RRDs will speedup things in larger installations. |
注意提示，这个错误的原因是没有找到RRD perl模块，查看RRDTool的安装包，确实是在下面的路径中存在：
| [root@ff ~]# ll /usr/local/rrdtool- 1.2.15 /lib/perl/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/ total 16 -r--r--r-- 1 root root 3850 Jul 14 2006 RRDs.pm drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Jun 8 16:34 auto -r--r--r-- 1 root root 1215 Jul 14 2006 ntmake.pl -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 456 Jun 8 16:34 perllocal.pod [root@ff ~]# |
解决方法使用--with-perl_lib_path选项：
| [root@ff pnp4nagios- 0.6.17 ]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pnp4nagios \ > --with-rrdtool=/usr/local/rrdtool- 1.2.15 /bin/rrdtool \ > --with-perl_lib_path=/usr/local/rrdtool- 1.2.15 /lib/perl/ \ > 5.8.5 /i386-linux-thread-multi/
*** Configuration summary for pnp4nagios-0.6.17 03-25-2012 ***
General Options: ------------------------- ------------------- Nagios user/group: nagios nagios Install directory: /usr/local/pnp4nagios HTML Dir: /usr/local/pnp4nagios/share Config Dir: /usr/local/pnp4nagios/etc Location of rrdtool binary: /usr/local/rrdtool- 1.2.15 /bin/rrdtool Version 1.2.15 RRDs Perl Modules: FOUND (Version 1.2015) RRDs Perl search path: /usr/local/rrdtool- 1.2.15 /lib/perl/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/ RRD Files stored in: /usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/perfdata process_perfdata.pl Logfile: /usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/perfdata.log Perfdata files (NPCD) stored in: /usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/spool
Web Interface Options: ------------------------- ------------------- HTML URL: http://localhost/pnp4nagios Apache Config File: /etc/httpd/conf.d/pnp4nagios.conf
Review the options above for accuracy. If they look okay, type 'make all' to compile. |