Linux网络管理之五:vsftpd服务器的创建实例

    VSFTP全称为Very Safe Ftp，可见相对于Linux的其它FTP版本安全性有了很大的提高。

    本人曾为某一学院创建了一个FTP站点,其中学生只能只读，而教师可以写入。以下是创建过程：

 

 

一、             建立用户和组群：

1、  建立组群： public  用户成员： student  teacher
          student
          teacher

2、  建立用户： student   组群： public   主目录： /home/public/student
          teacher   组群： public   主目录： /home/public

二、             目录权限

1 、 /home/public
   文件拥有者： teacher   权限： rwx   组群： public    r_x

2 、 /home/public/student
   文件拥有者： student   权限： r_x   组群： public    rwx
三、vsftpd.chroot_list 文件内容

    [root@linux-ftp linux]# more /etc/vsftpd.chroot_list

teacher

student

四、具体配置vsftpd.conf

[root@linux-ftp linux]# cat /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

 

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf

#

# The default compiled in settings are very paranoid. This sample file

# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.

#

# Allow anonymous FTP?

anonymous_enable=NO

#

# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.

local_enable=YES

#

# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.

write_enable=YES

#

# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,

# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)

local_umask=022

#

# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only

# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will

# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.

#anon_upload_enable=YES

#

# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create

# new directories.

#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES

#

# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they

# go into a certain directory.

dirmessage_enable=YES    /* 如果启动这个选项，使用者第一次进入一个目录时，会检查该目录下是否有 .message 这个档案，若是有，则会出现此档案的内容，通常这个档案会放置欢迎话语，或是对该目录的说明。默认值为开启。 */

#

# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.

xferlog_enable=YES   /* 如果启动，上传与下载的信息将被完整纪录在底下 xferlog_file 所定义的档案中。预设为开启。 */

#

# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).

connect_from_port_20=YES

#

# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by

# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not

# recommended!

#chown_uploads=YES

#chown_username=whoever

#

# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown

# below.

#xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log

#

# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format

xferlog_std_format=YES  /* 如果启动，则纪录文件将会写为 xferlog 的标准格式，如同 wu-ftpd 一般。默认值为关 闭。 */

 

#

# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.

idle_session_timeout=600

#

# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.

data_connection_timeout=120

#

# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the

# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.

#nopriv_user=ftpsecure

#

# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not

# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,

# however, may confuse older FTP clients.

#async_abor_enable=YES

#

# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore

# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII

# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.

# Beware that turning on ascii_download_enable enables malicious remote parties

# to consume your I/O resources, by issuing the command "SIZE /big/file" in

# ASCII mode.

# These ASCII options are split into upload and download because you may wish

# to enable ASCII uploads (to prevent uploaded scripts etc. from breaking),

# without the DoS risk of SIZE and ASCII downloads. ASCII mangling should be

# on the client anyway..

#ascii_upload_enable=YES

#ascii_download_enable=YES

#

# You may fully customise the login banner string:

ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.

#

# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently

# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.

#deny_email_enable=YES

# (default follows)

#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails

#

# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home

# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of

# users to NOT chroot().

chroot_list_enable=YES    /* 如果启动这项功能，则所有的本机使用者登入均可进到根目录之外的数据夹，除了列在 /etc/vsftpd.chroot_list 之中的使用者之外。默认值为 NO 。 */

# (default follows)

chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list

#

# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by

# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large

# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume

# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.

#ls_recurse_enable=YES

 

pam_service_name=vsftpd

userlist_enable=YES    /* 若是启动此功能，则会读取 /etc/vsftpd.user_list 当中的使用者名称。此项功能可以在询问密码前就出现失败讯息，而不需要检验密码的程序。默认值为关闭。
*/

#enable for standalone mode

listen=YES   /* 若是启动，则 vsftpd 将会以独立运作的方式执行，若是 vsftpd 独立执行，如 RedHat9 的默认值，则必须启动 若是 vsftpd 包含在 xinetd 之中，则必须关闭此功能，如 RedHat8 。在 RedHat9 的默认值为 YES 。 */

tcp_wrappers=YES   /* 如果启动，则会将 vsftpd 与 tcp wrapper 结合，也就是可以在 /etc/hosts.allow 与 /etc/hosts.deny 中定义可联机或是拒绝的来源地址。 */

max_clients=1000

#max_per_ip=5

#anon_max_rate=1024000

#local_max_rate=1024000

[root@linux-ftp linux]#

 

3.2.1 . 直接重启动 VSFTP 服务
这个范例是套用 RedHat 的预设范例 , 直接启动 vsftp 。
[root@relay vsftpd]# /sbin/service vsftpd  restart
Starting vsftpd for vsftpd: OK ]

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