Cent OS – Tomcat 7 - 集群

Cent OS – Tomcat 7 - 集群

集群方式：

使用一个Apache HTTP Server 加mod_jk-1.2.31-httpd-2.2.3.so 实现负载均衡的策略。两个Toncat 7集群，实现Session复制。

Window 7 系统：

Apache http Server 2.2

mod_jk-1.2.31-httpd-2.2.3.so

Cent OS系统：

1、 安装tomcat7.0.30 名称 oks1 IP：192.168.1.109

2、 安装Tomcat7.0.30 名称 oks2 IP：192.168.1.108

准备工作：

Windows 7 配置

一、安装Apache服务器

a) 下载: Apache http Server 2.2

b) 安装。 必须成功。

二、JK安装

a) 下载: mod_jk-1.2.31-httpd-2.2.3.so

b) 添加到Apache的module文件夹下

三、开始配置负载均衡策略

a) 修改Apache服务器的conf文件夹下的httpd.conf

最后一行添加如下代码：

include "D:\AppServ\Apache2.2\conf\mod_jk.conf" //mod_jk.conf的地址

b) Mod_jk.conf文件内容

LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk-1.2.31-httpd-2.2.3.so

JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties //配置策略的文件

JkMount /* controller //所有请求 /*

c) workers.properties文件内容

d) 内容：

#server

worker.list = controller

#========oks1======== //oks1 ：tomcat服务器的server.xml文件中指定

worker.oks1.port=11009

worker.oks1.host=192.168.1.109

worker.oks1.type=ajp13

worker.oks1.lbfactor = 1

#========oks2======== //oks2 ：tomcat服务器的server.xml文件中指定

worker.oks2.port=12009

worker.oks2.host=192.168.1.108

worker.oks2.type=ajp13

worker.oks2.lbfactor = 1

#========controller,负载均衡控制器========

worker.controller.type=lb

worker.controller.balanced_workers=oks1,oks2

worker.controller.sticky_session=false

worker.controller.sticky_session_force=1

Cent OS 配置

一、安装Sun JDK

a) 下载 Sun JDK

b) 卸载Open JDK

i. 查看已经安装的jdk

ii. 命令：rpm –qa|grep java

iii. 卸载已安装的JDK

iv. 命令：yum –y remove java

c) 安装JDK

i. 下载 bin

ii. 赋予运行权限

命令：chmod 777 jdk 1.6… bin

iii. 安装

命令： ./java..--. (文件名)

d) 配置环境变量

命令：vi /etc/profile

添加内容：

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk目录名

export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

e) 保存，退出

命令：:wq

命令：source /etc/profile

二、安装Tomcat7

a) 下载

b) 创建安装目录

命令：mkdir /usr/tomcat7

c) 移动文件到安装目录

命令 mv apche.. /usr/tomcat7

d) 解压目录

命令: tar zxvf apache – tomcat..

e) 配置环境变量

命令：vi /etc/profile

内容：

Export TOMCAT_HOME=/usr/tomcat7/

f) 配置tomcat Manager用户名密码。修改tomcat conf文件夹下的tomcat-users.xml文件，在tomcat-users标签下添加以下内容。

命令：vi tomcat-users.xml

添加内容：

<role rolename=”admin”/> //添加角色

<role rolename=”manager-gui”/> //添加角色

<user username=”admin” password=”root” roles=”admin,manager-gui”/> //添加用户名密码和属于的角色。

g) 启动/停止tomcat 在tomcat安装目录下。

命令：./catalina start /stop

测试：http://localhost

两个Tomcat7都要看到这个页面，才算成功启动运行。

启动成功的情况下进行集群配置。

集群设置

Tomcat 7 - IP：109 修改 server.xml文件

查看ip地址

命令：ifconfig

位置：/usr/tomcat7/apache-tomcat /conf/

编辑命令：vi server.xml文件

1、 修改AJP1.3的默认端口8009改为 11009。

2、 设置jvmRoute属性的值，默认被注视。添加属性。只为oks1。

3、 配置集群Cluster标签的更改。

源代码：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>

<!--

Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more

contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with

this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.

The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0

(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with

the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at

http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

limitations under the License.

-->

<!-- Note: A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not

define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.

Documentation at /docs/config/server.html

-->

<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">

<!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />

-->

<!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />

<!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html -->

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />

<!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />

<!-- Global JNDI resources

Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html

-->

<GlobalNamingResources>

<!-- Editable user database that can also be used by

UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users

-->

<Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"

type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"

description="User database that can be updated and saved"

factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"

pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />

</GlobalNamingResources>

<!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share

a single "Container" Note: A "Service" is not itself a "Container",

so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.

Documentation at /docs/config/service.html

-->

<Service name="Catalina">

<!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->

<!--

<Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"

maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>

-->

<!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received

and responses are returned. Documentation at :

Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking)

Java AJP Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html

APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html

Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080

-->

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"

connectionTimeout="20000"

redirectPort="8443" />

<!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->

<!--

<Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"

port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"

connectionTimeout="20000"

redirectPort="8443" />

-->

<!-- Define a SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443

This connector uses the JSSE configuration, when using APR, the

connector should be using the OpenSSL style configuration

described in the APR documentation -->

<!--

<Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true"

maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true"

clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" />

-->

<!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 -->

<Connector port="11009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

<!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes

every request. The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone

analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them

on to the appropriate Host (virtual host).

Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html -->

<!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">

-->

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="oks1">

<!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:

/docs/cluster-howto.html (simple how to)

/docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" channelSendOptions="8">

<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"

expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"

notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>

<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">

<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"

address="228.0.0.4" port="45564" frequency="500" dropTime="3000"/>

<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"

address="localhost" port="4000" autoBind="100" selectorTimeout="5000" maxThreads="6"/>

<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">

<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>

</Sender>

<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>

<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>

</Channel>

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve" filter="/"/>

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>

<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer" tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"

deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/" watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/" watchEnabled="false"/>

<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>

<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>

</Cluster>

<!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords

via a brute-force attack -->

<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">

<!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI

resources under the key "UserDatabase". Any edits

that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately

available for use by the Realm. -->

<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"

resourceName="UserDatabase"/>

</Realm>

<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps"

unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">

<!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications

Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->

<!--

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />

-->

<!-- Access log processes all example.

Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html

Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"

prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"

pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />

</Host>

</Engine>

</Service>

</Server>

adderss：localhost //是本机IP ，端口默认。

Tomcat 7 - IP：108 修改 server.xml文件

查看ip地址

命令：ifconfig

位置：/usr/tomcat7/apache-tomcat /conf/

编辑命令：vi server.xml文件

1、 修改AJP1.3的默认端口8009改为 12009。

2、 设置jvmRoute属性的值，默认被注视。添加属性。只为oks2。

3、 配置集群Cluster标签的更改。

源代码：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>

<!--

Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more

contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with

this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.

The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0

(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with

the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at

http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

limitations under the License.

-->

<!-- Note: A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not

define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.

Documentation at /docs/config/server.html

-->

<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">

<!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />

-->

<!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />

<!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html -->

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />

<!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />

<!-- Global JNDI resources

Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html

-->

<GlobalNamingResources>

<!-- Editable user database that can also be used by

UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users

-->

<Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"

type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"

description="User database that can be updated and saved"

factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"

pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />

</GlobalNamingResources>

<!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share

a single "Container" Note: A "Service" is not itself a "Container",

so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.

Documentation at /docs/config/service.html

-->

<Service name="Catalina">

<!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->

<!--

<Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"

maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>

-->

<!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received

and responses are returned. Documentation at :

Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking)

Java AJP Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html

APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html

Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080

-->

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"

connectionTimeout="20000"

redirectPort="8443" />

<!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->

<!--

<Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"

port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"

connectionTimeout="20000"

redirectPort="8443" />

-->

<!-- Define a SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443

This connector uses the JSSE configuration, when using APR, the

connector should be using the OpenSSL style configuration

described in the APR documentation -->

<!--

<Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true"

maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true"

clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" />

-->

<!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 -->

<Connector port="11009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

<!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes

every request. The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone

analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them

on to the appropriate Host (virtual host).

Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html -->

<!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">

-->

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="oks1">

<!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:

/docs/cluster-howto.html (simple how to)

/docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" channelSendOptions="8">

<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"

expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"

notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>

<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">

<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"

address="228.0.0.4" port="45564" frequency="500" dropTime="3000"/>

<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"

address="localhost" port="4000" autoBind="100" selectorTimeout="5000" maxThreads="6"/>

<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">

<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>

</Sender>

<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>

<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>

</Channel>

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve" filter="/"/>

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>

<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer" tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"

deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/" watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/" watchEnabled="false"/>

<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>

<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>

</Cluster>

<!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords

via a brute-force attack -->

<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">

<!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI

resources under the key "UserDatabase". Any edits

that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately

available for use by the Realm. -->

<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"

resourceName="UserDatabase"/>

</Realm>

<Host name="192.168.1.108" appBase="webapps"

unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">

<!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications

Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->

<!--

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />

-->

<!-- Access log processes all example.

Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html

Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"

prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"

pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />

</Host>

</Engine>

</Service>

</Server>

adderss：192.168.1.108 //是本机IP ，端口默认。

开始测试：

1、 启动Tomcat7 - IP：109

命令：./catalina start

2、 启动Tomcat7 - IP：108

命令：./catalina start

3、 测试：http://192.168.1.109:8080 成功

4、 测试：http://192.168.1.108:8080 成功

上传测试项目 JavaWeb项目到处war包。

Web.xml文件中添加一行代码 ：

<distributable/>

测试使用的 JSP页面代码： index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<%@ page import="java.util.*" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

<title>Insert title here</title>

</head>

<body>

Server Info:

<%

out.println(request.getLocalAddr() + " : " + request.getLocalPort()+"<br>");%>

<%

out.println("<br> ID " + session.getId()+"<br>");

// 如果有新的 Session 属性设置

String dataName = request.getParameter("dataName");

if (dataName != null && dataName.length() > 0) {

String dataValue = request.getParameter("dataValue");

session.setAttribute(dataName, dataValue);

}

out.println("Session 列表<br>");

System.out.println("============================");

Enumeration e = session.getAttributeNames();

while (e.hasMoreElements()) {

String name = (String)e.nextElement();

String value = session.getAttribute(name).toString();

out.println( name + " = " + value+"<br>");

System.out.println( name + " = " + value);

}

%

<form action="index.jsp" method="POST">

名称:<input type=text size=20 name="dataName">

<br>

值:<input type=text size=20 name="dataValue">

<br>

<input type=submit>

</form>

</body>

</html>

部署项目Session

IP： 109

IP： 108

启动Apache Http Server

看到一个Tomcat7的 主页面

查看Session测试项目

刷新

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