NA-NP-IE系列实验41：动态NAT
实验41：动态NAT
1.
实验目的
通过本实验可以掌握:
（1）动态NAT 的特征
（2）动态NAT 配置和调试
2.
拓扑结构
实验拓扑如图所示。
3.
实验步骤
配置如下：
r0(config)#int f0/0
r0(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0
r0(config-if)#no sh
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
r0(config-if)#%IP-4-DUPADDR: Duplicate address 172.16.1.2 on FastEthernet0/0, sourced by 0007.ECE7.EDB0
r0(config-if)#exit
r0(config)#int s0/0
r0(config-if)#ip add 202.96.1.1 255.255.255.0
r0(config-if)#no sh
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
r0(config-if)#
r0(config-if)#clo r 64000
r0(config-if)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
r0(config-if)#exit
r0(config)#ip nat pool cisco 202.96.1.3 202.96.1.255 net 255.255.255.0
//
配置动态NAT 转换的地址池
r0(config)#ip nat inside source list 1 pool cisco
//
配置动态NAT 映射
r0(config)#access-list 1 permit 172.16.1.0 0.0.0 .255
//
允许动态NAT 转换的内部地址范围
r0(config)#int f0/0
r0(config-if)#ip nat inside
r0(config-if)#exit
r0(config)#int s0/0
r0(config-if)#ip nat outside
r0(config-if)#exit
r0(config)#router eigrp 1
r0(config-router)#no au
r0(config-router)#net 202.96.1.0
r0(config-router)#
%DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP 1: Neighbor 202.96.1.2 (Serial0/0) is up: new adjacency
r0(config-router)#do sh ip nat translations
r0(config-router)#do sh ip nat translations
Pro Inside global Inside local Outside local Outside global
icmp 202.96.1.3:17 172.16.1.1:17 1.1.1 .1:17 1.1.1 .1:17
icmp 202.96.1.3:18 172.16.1.1:18 1.1.1 .1:18 1.1.1 .1:18
icmp 202.96.1.3:19 172.16.1.1:19 1.1.1 .1:19 1.1.1 .1:19
icmp 202.96.1.3:20 172.16.1.1:20 1.1.1 .1:20 1.1.1 .1:20
icmp 202.96.1.3:21 172.16.1.1:21 202.96.1.2:21 202.96.1.2:21
icmp 202.96.1.3:22 172.16.1.1:22 202.96.1.2:22 202.96.1.2:22
icmp 202.96.1.3:23 172.16.1.1:23 202.96.1.2:23 202.96.1.2:23
icmp 202.96.1.3:24 172.16.1.1:24 202.96.1.2:24 202.96.1.2:24
以上信息表明当PC0第一次访问“ 1.1.1 .1”地址的时候,NAT 路由器R0 为主机
PC0
动态分配一个全局地址 “202.96.1.3”，在NAT 表表中生成一条动态映射的记录，同时会在NAT 表中生成和应用向对应的协议和端口号的记录（过期时间为60 秒）。在动态映射没有过期（过期时间为86400 秒）之前，再有应用从相同主机发起时，
NAT
路由器直接查NAT 表,然后为应用分配相应的端口号。
r0(config-router)#do debug ip nat
IP NAT debugging is on
r0(config-router)#do clear ip nat translation *
//
清除动态NAT 表
r0(config-router)#
NAT: s=172.16.1.1->202.96.1.3, d=202.96.1.2 [29]
NAT*: s=202.96.1.2, d=202.96.1.3->172.16.1.1 [102]
r0(config-router)#
NAT: s=172.16.1.1->202.96.1.3, d=202.96.1.2 [30]
NAT*: s=202.96.1.2, d=202.96.1.3->172.16.1.1 [104]
r0(config-router)#
NAT: s=172.16.1.1->202.96.1.3, d=202.96.1.2 [31]
NAT*: s=202.96.1.2, d=202.96.1.3->172.16.1.1 [105]
r0(config-router)#
NAT: s=172.16.1.1->202.96.1.3, d=202.96.1.2 [32]
NAT*: s=202.96.1.2, d=202.96.1.3->172.16.1.1 [106]
r0(config-router)#
NAT: s=172.16.1.1->202.96.1.3, d= 1.1.1 .1 [33]
NAT*: s= 1.1.1 .1, d=202.96.1.3->172.16.1.1 [113]
r0(config-router)#
NAT: s=172.16.1.1->202.96.1.3, d= 1.1.1 .1 [34]
NAT*: s= 1.1.1 .1, d=202.96.1.3->172.16.1.1 [114]
r0(config-router)#
NAT: s=172.16.1.1->202.96.1.3, d= 1.1.1 .1 [35]
NAT*: s= 1.1.1 .1, d=202.96.1.3->172.16.1.1 [116]
r0(config-router)#
NAT: s=172.16.1.1->202.96.1.3, d= 1.1.1 .1 [36]
NAT*: s= 1.1.1 .1, d=202.96.1.3->172.16.1.1 [118]
r0(config-router)#
NAT: expiring 202.96.1.3 (172.16.1.1) icmp 25 (25)
r0(config-router)#
NAT: expiring 202.96.1.3 (172.16.1.1) icmp 26 (26)
r0(config-router)#
NAT: expiring 202.96.1.3 (172.16.1.1) icmp 27 (27)
r0(config-router)#
NAT: expiring 202.96.1.3 (172.16.1.1) icmp 28 (28)
r0(config-router)#
NAT: expiring 202.96.1.3 (172.16.1.1) icmp 29 (29)
r0(config-router)#
NAT: expiring 202.96.1.3 (172.16.1.1) icmp 30 (30)
r0(config-router)#
NAT: expiring 202.96.1.3 (172.16.1.1) icmp 31 (31)
r0(config-router)#
NAT: expiring 202.96.1.3 (172.16.1.1) icmp 32 (32)
r0(config-router)#
r0(config-router)#do sh ip nat statistics
Total translations: 0 (0 static, 0 dynamic, 0 extended)
//
有0 个转换是动态转化，
Outside Interfaces: Serial0/0
//NAT
外部接口
Inside Interfaces: FastEthernet0/0
//NAT
内部接口
Hits: 16 Misses: 16
Expired translations: 16
//NAT
表中过期的转换
Dynamic mappings:
//
动态映射
-- Inside Source
access-list 1 pool cisco refCount 0
pool cisco: netmask 255.255.255.0
//
地址池名字和掩码
start 202.96.1.3 end 202.96.1.255
//
地址池范围
type generic, total addresses 253 , allocated 0 (0%), misses 0
//
共253 个地址，分出去0 个
r0(config-router)#
r1(config)#int s0/0
r1(config-if)#ip add 202.96.1.2 255.255.255.0
r1(config-if)#no sh
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down
r1(config-if)#exit
r1(config)#int loo 1
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
r1(config-if)#
r1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1 .1 255.255.255.0
r1(config-if)#no sh
r1(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
r1(config-if)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
r1(config-if)#exit
r1(config)#router eigrp 1
r1(config-router)#no au
r1(config-router)#net 202.96.1.0
r1(config-router)#
%DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP 1: Neighbor 202.96.1.1 (Serial0/0) is up: new adjacency
r1(config-router)#net 1.1.1 .0
r1(config-router)#
PC>ping 1.1.1 .1
Pinging 1.1.1 .1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 1.1.1 .1: bytes=32 time=94ms TTL=254
Reply from 1.1.1 .1: bytes=32 time=63ms TTL=254
Reply from 1.1.1 .1: bytes=32 time=46ms TTL=254
Reply from 1.1.1 .1: bytes=32 time=63ms TTL=254
Ping statistics for 1.1.1 .1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 46ms, Maximum = 94ms, Average = 66ms
PC>ping 202.96.1.2
Pinging 202.96.1.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 202.96.1.2: bytes=32 time=62ms TTL=254
Reply from 202.96.1.2: bytes=32 time=62ms TTL=254
Reply from 202.96.1.2: bytes=32 time=62ms TTL=254
Reply from 202.96.1.2: bytes=32 time=62ms TTL=254
Ping statistics for 202.96.1.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 62ms, Maximum = 62ms, Average = 62ms
PC>ping 202.96.1.2
Pinging 202.96.1.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 202.96.1.2: bytes=32 time=63ms TTL=254
Reply from 202.96.1.2: bytes=32 time=62ms TTL=254
Reply from 202.96.1.2: bytes=32 time=62ms TTL=254
Reply from 202.96.1.2: bytes=32 time=62ms TTL=254
Ping statistics for 202.96.1.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 62ms, Maximum = 63ms, Average = 62ms
PC>ping 1.1.1 .1
Pinging 1.1.1 .1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 1.1.1 .1: bytes=32 time=62ms TTL=254
Reply from 1.1.1 .1: bytes=32 time=62ms TTL=254
Reply from 1.1.1 .1: bytes=32 time=63ms TTL=254
Reply from 1.1.1 .1: bytes=32 time=47ms TTL=254
Ping statistics for 1.1.1 .1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 47ms, Maximum = 63ms, Average = 58ms
PC>
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