广域网链路高可用性案例

关于局域网的高可用性的基础知识请参阅

 http://donghao123.blog.51cto.com/4879169/986366 此处不再过多解释

设备简介:

本人使用 两台华为路由器   quidway 2600 serices 

测试环境:

两台 pc 配置为

pc1

 image_thumb5

pc2

 image_thumb3

网络拓扑图

image_thumb7

案例一:浮动路由配置

R4 的配置文件如下:

  interface Ethernet0

    ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0

    ospf enable area 0.0.0.0

  interface Serial0

    ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 

    ospf enable area 0.0.0.0

  interface Serial1

    ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0

  ospf enable

  ip route-static 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.2 preference 60

R14的配置文件如下:

  interface Ethernet0

    ip address 192.168.3.254 255.255.255.0

    ospf enable area 0.0.0.0  //在 ethernet 0 口 启用ospf

  interface Serial0

    link-protocol ppp

    ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 

    ospf enable area 0.0.0.0  //在serial 0 口启用ospf

  interface Serial1

    link-protocol ppp

    ip address 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0

  ospf enable   //全局性启用ospf协议

  ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1 preference 60

//添加的默认路由

在 R14上对serial 线路进行重置

[R14-Serial0]shut 

[R14-Serial0]undo shut 

% Interface Serial0 is reset

%01:17:09: Interface Serial0 is UP

%01:17:10: Line protocol ip on the interface Serial0 is UP

[R14-Serial0]int ser  1

[R14-Serial1]shut     

% Interface Serial1 is shut down

%01:17:37: Interface Serial1 is DOWN         

[R14-Serial1]undo shut

% Interface Serial1 is reset

R4 的路由表

[R4]dis ip rou

Routing Tables:

  Destination/Mask  Proto   Pref     Metric     Nexthop    Interface

      127.0.0.0/8   Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

      127.0.0.1/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

    192.168.1.0/24  Direct    0         0    192.168.1.254 Ethernet0          

  192.168.1.254/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

    192.168.2.0/24  Direct    0         0      192.168.2.2 Serial0            

    192.168.2.1/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

    192.168.2.2/32  Direct    0         0      192.168.2.2 Serial0            

    192.168.3.0/24    OSPF   10      1572      192.168.2.2 Serial0            

    192.168.4.0/24  Direct    0         0      192.168.4.2 Serial1            

    192.168.4.1/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

    192.168.4.2/32  Direct    0         0      192.168.4.2 Serial1            

R14 的路由表

[R14]dis ip rou

Routing Tables:

  Destination/Mask  Proto   Pref     Metric     Nexthop    Interface

      127.0.0.0/8   Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

      127.0.0.1/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

    192.168.1.0/24    OSPF   10      1572      192.168.2.1 Serial0            

    192.168.2.0/24  Direct    0         0      192.168.2.1 Serial0            

    192.168.2.1/32  Direct    0         0      192.168.2.1 Serial0            

    192.168.2.2/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

    192.168.3.0/24  Direct    0         0    192.168.3.254 Ethernet0          

  192.168.3.254/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

    192.168.4.0/24  Direct    0         0      192.168.4.1 Serial1            

    192.168.4.1/32  Direct    0         0      192.168.4.1 Serial1            

192.168.4.2/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 

网络追踪测试

pc2---》pc1

wps_clip_image-28682

网络追踪测试

pc1---》pc2

wps_clip_image-28711

模拟关闭ospf链路

[R14-Serial0]shut

% Interface Serial0 is shut down

[R14-Serial0]

%01:21:24: Interface Serial0 is DOWN

%01:21:24: Line protocol ip on the interface Serial0 is DOWN

静态的备份路由已经启动

[R14]dis ip rou

Routing Tables:

  Destination/Mask  Proto   Pref     Metric     Nexthop    Interface

      127.0.0.0/8   Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

      127.0.0.1/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

    192.168.1.0/24  Static   60         0      192.168.4.1 Serial1            

    192.168.3.0/24  Direct    0         0    192.168.3.254 Ethernet0          

  192.168.3.254/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

    192.168.4.0/24  Direct    0         0      192.168.4.1 Serial1            

    192.168.4.1/32  Direct    0         0      192.168.4.1 Serial1            

    192.168.4.2/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 

[R4]dis ip rou

Routing Tables:

  Destination/Mask  Proto   Pref     Metric     Nexthop    Interface

      127.0.0.0/8   Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

      127.0.0.1/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

    192.168.1.0/24  Direct    0         0    192.168.1.254 Ethernet0          

  192.168.1.254/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

    192.168.3.0/24  Static   60         0      192.168.4.2 Serial1            

    192.168.4.0/24  Direct    0         0      192.168.4.2 Serial1            

    192.168.4.1/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

    192.168.4.2/32  Direct    0         0      192.168.4.2 Serial1            

[R4]

网络追踪测试

pc2---》pc1

wps_clip_image-28956

网络追踪测试

pc1---》pc2

wps_clip_image-28992

重新开启serial 0 网卡

[R14]int  ser 0

[R14-Serial0]undo shut

% Interface Serial0 is reset

%01:24:24: Interface Serial0 is UP

%01:24:25: Line protocol ip on the interface Serial0 is UP

此时的ospf主链路成功启用

案例二:主备模式

由于ospf是动态的路由协议。我们再此使用静态代替ospf进行测试。不修改也可以。

在全局模式下执行“undo ospf enable”

R4的配置

[R4]ip rou 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2

此时的路由表为:

[R4]dis ip rou

Routing Tables:

  Destination/Mask  Proto   Pref     Metric     Nexthop    Interface

      127.0.0.0/8   Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

      127.0.0.1/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

    192.168.1.0/24  Direct    0         0    192.168.1.254 Ethernet0          

  192.168.1.254/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

    192.168.2.0/24  Direct    0         0      192.168.2.2 Serial0            

    192.168.2.1/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

    192.168.2.2/32  Direct    0         0      192.168.2.2 Serial0            

    192.168.3.0/24  Static   60         0      192.168.2.2 Serial0            

                                                               192.168.4.2 Serial1            

    192.168.4.0/24  Direct    0         0      192.168.4.2 Serial1            

    192.168.4.1/32  Direct    0         0        127.0.0.1 LoopBack0          

    192.168.4.2/32  Direct    0         0      192.168.4.2 Serial1 

配置备份的相关参数

[R4-Serial0]stan int ser 1

%01:31:40: 接口Serial1当前状态变为DOWN

%01:31:40: ip协议在Serial1上状态变为DOWN!

[R4-Serial0]sta time enable 2

[R4-Serial0]sta time disable 2

R14的配置

[R14]undo ospf enable

  Terminate OSPF task...

  OSPF disabled

添加默认路由

[R14]ip rou  192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1

R14的路由表

[R14]dis ip rou

Routing Tables:

Destination/Mask Proto Pref Metric Nexthop Interface

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

192.168.1.0/24 Static 60 0 192.168.2.1 Serial0

192.168.4.1 Serial1

192.168.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.2.1 Serial0

192.168.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.2.1 Serial0

192.168.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

192.168.3.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.3.254 Ethernet0

192.168.3.254/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

192.168.4.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.4.1 Serial1

192.168.4.1/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.4.1 Serial1

192.168.4.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

[R14]

配置备份

[R14-Serial0]stan int ser 1

%01:33:40: 接口Serial1当前状态变为DOWN

%01:33:40: ip协议在Serial1上状态变为DOWN!

[R14-Serial0]sta time enable 2

[R14-Serial0]sta time disable 2

R14的路由表如下

[R14]dis ip rou

路由表:

目的地址/掩码 协议 优先级 度量 下一跳 接口

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

192.168.1.0/24 Static 60 0 192.168.2.1 Serial0

192.168.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.2.1 Serial0

192.168.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.2.1 Serial0

192.168.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

192.168.3.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.3.254 Ethernet0

192.168.3.254/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

[R14]

测试:

pc2---》pc1

clip_image001

pc1---》pc2

clip_image001[5]

关闭链路并查看路由表

[R4-Serial0]shutdown

%01:42:07: Interface Serial0 is DOWN

%01:42:07: Line protocol ip on the interface Serial0 is DOWN

%01:42:14: Interface Serial1 is UP

%01:42:14: Line protocol ip on the interface Serial1 is UP

[R4]dis ip rou

Routing Tables:

Destination/Mask Proto Pref Metric Nexthop Interface

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

192.168.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.254 Ethernet0

192.168.1.254/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

192.168.3.0/24 Static 60 0 192.168.4.2 Serial1

192.168.4.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.4.2 Serial1

192.168.4.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

192.168.4.2/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.4.2 Serial1

[R14]dis ip rou

Routing Tables:

Destination/Mask Proto Pref Metric Nexthop Interface

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

192.168.1.0/24 Static 60 0 192.168.4.1 Serial1

192.168.3.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.3.254 Ethernet0

192.168.3.254/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

192.168.4.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.4.1 Serial1

192.168.4.1/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.4.1 Serial1

192.168.4.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

[R14]

测试:

pc2---》pc1

clip_image001[7]

pc1---》pc2

clip_image001[9]

案例三:链路捆绑

针对standby链路进行修改。

删除不必要的配置

R14的配置

[R14-Serial0]undo standby interface Serial 1

[R14]undo ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1

[R14]Undo ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1

[R14]int ser 1

[R14-Serial1]undo ip address

[R14]int ser 1

[R14-Serial1]undo ip address

[R14-Serial0]int vi 1

[R14-Virtual-Template1]ip add 192.168.6.2 24

[R14-Serial0]int vi 1

[R14-Virtual-Template1]ppp mp

[R14]ip rou 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.6.1

[R14] Serial0

[R14-Serial0]ppp mp

[R4-Serial0]int ser 1

[R14-Serial1]ppp mp

[R14-Serial1]

%02:15:00: Line protocol ip on the interface Virtual-Template1(Virtual-Template1:0) is UP

路由表:

[R14]dis ip rou

Routing Tables:

Destination/Mask Proto Pref Metric Nexthop Interface

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

192.168.1.0/24 Static 60 0 192.168.6.1 Virtual-Template1

192.168.3.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.3.254 Ethernet0

192.168.3.254/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

192.168.6.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.6.2 Virtual-Template1

192.168.6.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

R4的配置

[R4-Serial0]undo standby interface Serial 1

[R4]undo ip route-static 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.2

[R4]undo ip route-static 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2

[R4]int ser 0

[R4-Serial0]undo ip add

%02:01:57: Line protocol ip on the interface Serial0 is DOWN

[R4-Serial1]ppp  mp 

[R4-Serial0]int ser 1

[R4-Serial1]undo ip add

[R4-Serial1]ppp  mp 

[R4]int vi 1

[R4-Virtual-Template1]ip add 192.168.6.1 24

[R4-Virtual-Template1]ppp mp

添加默认路由

[R4]ip rou 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.6.2

R4的路由表

[R4]dis ip rou

Routing Tables:

Destination/Mask Proto Pref Metric Nexthop Interface

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

192.168.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.254 Ethernet0

192.168.1.254/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

192.168.3.0/24 Static 60 0 192.168.6.2 Virtual-Template1

192.168.6.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.6.1 Virtual-Template1

192.168.6.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

[R4]

clip_image001[11]

路由追踪 pc2--->pc1

clip_image001[13]

路由追踪 pc1--->pc2

clip_image001[15]

[R14-Serial0]shu

% Interface Serial0 is shut down

%02:17:44: Interface Serial0 is DOWN

网络依旧

clip_image001[17]

[R14-Serial0]und shu

% Interface Serial0 is reset

%02:18:09: Interface Serial0 is UP

网络追踪 pc2--->pc1

clip_image001[19]

网络追踪 pc1--->pc2

clip_image001[21]

这是比较好的!!!方案 费用较高!!

             嗯,韩语说得对!!!

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