华为路由器的常用命令

[Liufei]display version 　　　　　　；显示版本信息
[Liufei]display current-configuration 　　　　　　；显示当前配置
[Liufei]display interfaces 　　　　　　；显示接口信息
[Liufei]display ip route 　　　　　　；显示路由信息

[Liufei]sysname lf123 　　　　　　；更改主机名
[Liufei]super passwrod 123456 　　　　　　；设置口令
[Liufei]interface serial0 　　　　　　；进入接口
[Liufei-serial0]ip address <ip> <mask|mask_len> 　　　　　　；配置端口IP地址
[Liufei-serial0]undo shutdown 　　　　　　；激活端口
[Liufei]link-protocol hdlc 　　　　　　；绑定hdlc协议
[Liufei]user-interface vty 0 4
[Liufei-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode password
[Liufei-ui-vty0-4]set authentication-mode password simple 222
[Liufei-ui-vty0-4]user privilege level 3
[Liufei-ui-vty0-4]quit

[Liufei]debugging hdlc all serial0 　　　　　　；显示所有信息
[Liufei]debugging hdlc event serial0 　　　　　　；调试事件信息
[Liufei]debugging hdlc packet serial0 　　　　　　；显示包的信息

静态路由：
[Liufei]ip route-static <ip><mask>{interface number|nexthop}[value][reject|blackhole]
例如：
[Liufei]ip route-static 129.1.0.0 16 10.0.0.2
[Liufei]ip route-static 129.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.0.0.2
[Liufei]ip route-static 129.1.0.0 16 Serial 2
[Liufei]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.2

动态路由：
[Liufei]rip ；设置动态路由
[Liufei]rip work ；设置工作允许
[Liufei]rip input ；设置入口允许
[Liufei]rip output ；设置出口允许
[Liufei-rip]network 1.0.0.0 　　　　　 ；设置交换路由网络
[Liufei-rip]network all ；设置与所有网络交换
[Liufei-rip]peer ip-address ；
[Liufei-rip]summary ；路由聚合
[Liufei]rip version 1 ；设置工作在版本1
[Liufei]rip version 2 multicast ；设版本2，多播方式
[Liufei-Ethernet0]rip split-horizon ；水平分隔

[Liufei]router id A.B.C.D ；配置路由器的ID
[Liufei]ospf enable ；启动OSPF协议
[Liufei-ospf]import-route direct ；引入直联路由
[Liufei-Serial0]ospf enable area <area_id> ；配置OSPF区域

标准访问列表命令格式如下：
acl <acl-number> [match-order config|auto] ；默认前者顺序匹配。
rule [normal|special]{permit|deny} [source source-addr source-wildcard|any]
例：
[Liufei]acl 10
[Liufei-acl-10]rule normal permit source 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
[Liufei-acl-10]rule normal deny source any

扩展访问控制列表配置命令
配置TCP/UDP协议的扩展访问列表：
rule {normal|special}{permit|deny}{tcp|udp}source {<ip wild>|any}destination <ip wild>|any}
[operate]

配置ICMP协议的扩展访问列表：
rule {normal|special}{permit|deny}icmp source {<ip wild>|any]destination {<ip wild>|any]
[icmp-code] [logging]

扩展访问控制列表操作符的含义
equal portnumber ；等于
greater-than portnumber ；大于
less-than portnumber ；小于
not-equal portnumber ；不等
range portnumber1 portnumber2 ；区间

扩展访问控制列表举例
[Liufei]acl 101
[Liufei-acl-101]rule deny souce any destination any
[Liufei-acl-101]rule permit icmp source any destination any icmp-type echo
[Liufei-acl-101]rule permit icmp source any destination any icmp-type echo-reply

[Liufei]acl 102
[Liufei-acl-102]rule permit ip source 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 destination 202.0.0.1 0.0.0.0
[Liufei-acl-102]rule deny ip source any destination any

[Liufei]acl 103
[Liufei-acl-103]rule permit tcp source any destination 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 destination-port equal ftp
[Liufei-acl-103]rule permit tcp source any destination 10.0.0.2 0.0.0.0 destination-port equal www


[Liufei]firewall enable
[Liufei]firewall default permit|deny
[Liufei]int e0
[Liufei-Ethernet0]firewall packet-filter 101 inbound|outbound


地址转换配置举例
[Liufei]firewall enable
[Liufei]firewall default permit
[Liufei]acl 101 ;内部指定主机可以进入e0
[Liufei-acl-101]rule deny ip source any destination any
[Liufei-acl-101]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.1 0 destination any
[Liufei-acl-101]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.2 0 destination any
[Liufei-acl-101]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.3 0 destination any
[Liufei-acl-101]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.4 0 destination any
[Liufei-acl-101]quit
[Liufei]int e0
[Liufei-Ethernet0]firewall packet-filter 101 inbound

[Liufei]acl 102 ;外部特定主机和大于1024端口的数据包允许进入S0
[Liufei-acl-102]rule deny ip source any destination any
[Liufei-acl-102]rule permit tcp source 202.39.2.3 0 destination 202.38.160.1 0
[Liufei-acl-102]rule permit tcp source any destination 202.38.160.1 0 destination-port great-than
1024
[Liufei-acl-102]quit
[Liufei]int s0
[Liufei-Serial0]firewall packet-filter 102 inbound ；设202.38.160.1是路由器出口IP。

[Liufei-Serial0]nat outbound 101 interface ;是Easy ip，将acl 101允许的IP从本接口出时变换源地址。

内部服务器地址转换配置命令(静态nat)：
nat server global <ip> [port] inside <ip> port [protocol] ;global_port不写时使用inside_port
[Liufei-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.1 inside 129.38.1.1 ftp tcp
[Liufei-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.1 inside 129.38.1.2 telnet tcp
[Liufei-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.1 inside 129.38.1.3 www tcp


设有公网IP：202.38.160.101~202.38.160.103 可以使用。 ;对外访问(原例题)
[Liufei]nat address-group 202.38.160.101 202.38.160.103 pool1 ;建立地址池
[Liufei]acl 1
[Liufei-acl-1]rule permit source 10.110.10.0 0.0.0.255 ;指定允许的内部网络
[Liufei-acl-1]rule deny source any
[Liufei-acl-1]int serial 0
[Liufei-Serial0]nat outbound 1 address-group pool1 ;在s0口从地址池取出IP对外访问

[Liufei-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.101 inside 10.110.10.1 ftp tcp
[Liufei-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.102 inside 10.110.10.2 www tcp
[Liufei-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.102 8080 inside 10.110.10.3 www tcp
[Liufei-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.103 inside 10.110.10.4 smtp udp

PPP设置：
[Liufei-s0]link-protocol ppp ;默认的协议

PPP验证：
主验方：pap|chap
[Liufei]local-user q2 password {simple|cipher} hello ;路由器1
[Liufei]interface serial 0
[Liufei-serial0]ppp authentication-mode {pap|chap}
[Liufei-serial0]ppp chap user q1 ;pap时，没有此句

pap被验方：
[Liufei]interface serial 0 ;路由器2
[Liufei-serial0]ppp pap local-user q2 password {simple|cipher} hello

chap被验方：
[Liufei]interface serial 0 ;路由器2
[Liufei-serial0]ppp chap user q2 ;自己路由器名
[Liufei-serial0]local-user q1 password {simple|cipher} hello ;对方路由器名

帧中继frame-relay (二分册6-61)
[q1]fr switching
[q1]int s1
[q1-Serial1]ip address 192.168.34.51 255.255.255.0
[q1-Serial1]link-protocol fr ;封装帧中继协议
[q1-Serial1]fr interface-type dce
[q1-Serial1]fr dlci 100
[q1-Serial1]fr inarp
[q1-Serial1]fr map ip 192.168.34.52 dlci 100

[q2]int s1
[q2-Serial1]ip address 192.168.34.52 255.255.255.0
[q2-Serial1]link-protocol fr
[q2-Serial1]fr interface-type dte
[q2-Serial1]fr dlci 100
[q2-Serial1]fr inarp
[q2-Serial1]fr map ip 192.168.34.51 dlci 100

帧中继监测
[q1]display fr lmi-info[]interface type number]
[q1]display fr map
[q1]display fr pvc-info[serial interface-number][dlci dlci-number]
[q1]display fr dlci-switch
[q1]display fr interface
[q1]reset fr inarp-info
[q1]debugging fr all[interface type number]
[q1]debugging fr arp[interface type number]
[q1]debugging fr event[interface type number]
[q1]debugging fr lmi[interface type number]


启动ftp服务：
[Liufei]local-user ftp password {simple|cipher} aaa service-type ftp
[Liufei]ftp server enable

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