tomcat安装与配置

下载地址：

http://apache.etoak.com/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.27/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.27.tar.gz
http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache//tomcat/tomcat-connectors/jk/tomcat-connectors-1.2.35-src.tar.gz

一、Tomcat7安装 1.安装jdk
[root@web ~]# chmod +x jdk-6u3-linux-i586.bin
[root@web ~]# ./jdk-6u3-linux-i586.bin         #按回车到最后输入yes
[root@web ~]# mv jdk1.6.0_03 /usr/local/
[root@web ~]# vim /etc/profile            #配置环境变量

 
     
     #set java JDK
 
     
     JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_03/
 
     
     JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_03/jre/
 
     
     PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_home/bin
 
     
     CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar
 
     
     export JAVA_HOME
 
     
     export JRE_HOME
 
     
     export PATH
 
     
     export CLASSPATH

[root@web ~]# source /etc/profile        #刷新环境变量 2.安装tomcat
[root@web ~]# tar zxf apache-tomcat-7.0.27.tar.gz
[root@web ~]# cp -a apache-tomcat-7.0.27/ /usr/local/tomcat7 3.启动服务并测试
[root@web ~]# /usr/local/tomcat7/bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat7
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat7
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat7/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/jdk1.6.0_03/jre/
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat7/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat7/bin/tomcat-juli.jar [root@web ~]# netstat -ant | grep 8080        #查看端口监听
tcp        0      0 :::8080                     :::*                        LISTEN

5.Tomcat自动启动脚本

#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 2345 10 90
# description: Starts and Stops the Tomcat daemon.
TOMCAT_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat7              #tomcat目录
TOMCAT_START=$TOMCAT_HOME/bin/startup.sh
TOMCAT_STOP=$TOMCAT_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh
# necessary environment variables export
CATALINA_HOME=$TOMCAT_HOME
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_03/        #JDK目录
# source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# check that networking is up.
[ "${NETWORKING}" = "no" ] && exit 0
# check for tomcat script
if [ ! -f $TOMCAT_HOME/bin/catalina.sh ]; then
        echo "Tomcat not valilable..."
        exit
fi
start(){
        echo -n "Starting Tomcat: "
        daemon $TOMCAT_START
        echo
        touch /var/lock/subsys/tomcat
}
stop(){
        echo -n $"Shutting down Tomcat: "
        daemon $TOMCAT_STOP
        rm -f /var/lock/subsys/tomcat.pid echo
}
restart(){
        stop
        start
}
status(){
        ps ax --width=1000 | grep "[o]rg.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start" \
        | awk '{printf $1 " "}' | wc | awk '{print $2}' > /tmp/tomcat_process_count.txt
        read line < /tmp/tomcat_process_count.txt
        if [ $line -gt 0 ]; then
                echo -n "tomcat ( pid "
                ps ax --width=1000 | grep "org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap \
                start" | awk '{printf $1 " "}'
                echo -n ") is running..."
                echo
        else
                echo "Tomcat is stopped"
        fi
}
case "$1" in
        start)
                start ;;
        stop)
                stop ;;
        restart)
                stop
                sleep 3
                start ;;
        status)
                status ;;
        *)
                echo "Usage: tomcatd {start|stop|restart|status}"
                exit 1
esac
exit 0

将脚本文件保存在/etc/init.d中，命名为tomcat
[root@web ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/tomcat
[root@web ~]# chkconfig --add tomcat

二、Tomcat使用

1.tomcat管理项目页面

[root@web ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat7/conf/

[root@web conf]# vim tomcat-users.xml 

<tomcat-users>
  <role rolename="tomcat"/>
  <role rolename="role1"/>
  <user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat"/>
  <user username="both" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat,role1"/>
  <user username="role1" password="tomcat" roles="role1"/>
  <role rolename="manager-gui"/>
  <user username="admin" password="abc123" roles="manager-gui"/>    #加入的行
</tomcat-users>

打开管理页面：http://192.168.209.129:8080/manager/html

2.虚拟主机

基于域名，在原配置server.xml中</host>后加入

<Host name="web1.example.com"  appBase="webapps1"
      unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">

  <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
         prefix="web1_access_log." suffix=".txt"
         pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />
</Host>

注：

name：绑定的域名

appBase: 网站存放目录，这里使用相对路径也可以是绝对路径。目录中要有ROOT目录，把网站内容放在ROOT中。

unpackWARs属性如果为true就表明在appBase下的应用如果是打包好的WAR文件，则会先打开WAR包再运行，如果值为false就会直接运行WAR包。 

autoDeploy属性的值为布尔类型，如果为true，则Tomcat在运行状态时，能够监测到appBase下的文件，如果有新的应用加入则会自动发布这个应用。 

prefix：访问日记，存入在logs目录下。

 

3.与apache整合

安装apache
[root@web ~]# tar zxf httpd-2.2.22.tar.gz [root@web ~]# cd httpd-2.2.22

[root@web httpd-2.2.22]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 #测试不加太多参数

[root@web httpd-2.2.22]# make && make install
[root@web httpd-2.2.22]# cp /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd

[root@web httpd-2.2.22]# ln -s /etc/init.d/httpd /etc/rc3.d/S80httpd

 

安装tomcat-connectors

[root@web ~]# tar zxf tomcat-connectors-1.2.35-src.tar.gz 

[root@web ~]# cd tomcat-connectors-1.2.35-src/native/

[root@web native]# ./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs 

[root@web native]# make && make install

 

整合

在/usr/local/apache2/conf/下面建立两个配置文件mod_jk.conf和workers.properties

修改httpd.conf加载JK模块以及指定JK配置文件，加入以下行

LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
Include /usr/local/apache2/conf/mod_jk.conf

编写mod_jk.conf用于apache到Tomcat服务器的连接定义文件  

[root@web conf]# vim mod_jk.conf 

# Where to find workers.properties
JkWorkersFile /usr/local/apache2/conf/workers.properties
# Where to put jk logs
JkLogFile /usr/local/apache2/logs/mod_jk.log
# Set the jk log level [debug/error/info]
JkLogLevel info
# Select the log format
JkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y]"
# JkRequestLogFormat set the request format
JkRequestLogFormat "%w %V %T"
# JkOptions indicate to send SSL KEY SIZE,
JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompat -ForwardDirectories
# Send JSPs for context /examples to worker named worker
JkMount /*.jsp worker1
JkMount /servlet/* worker1

编写workers.propertiesURI映像文件，用来指定哪些URL由Tomcat处理

[root@web conf]# vim workers.properties

# Define 1 real worker using ajp13
worker.list=worker1

# Set properties for worker1 (ajp13)
worker.worker1.type=ajp13
worker.worker1.host=localhost
worker.worker1.port=8009
worker.worker1.lbfactor=50
worker.worker1.cachesize=10
worker.worker1.cache_timeout=600
worker.worker1.socket_keepalive=1
worker.worker1.socket_timeout=300

 

在tomcat的配置server.xml中的<host>中加入以下行

<Context path="" docBase="/var/www/html" debug="0" reloadable="true" crossContext="true"/>

测试，web目录建立test.jsp

[root@web html]# cat test.jsp 

<%@page language="java"%>
100+200=<%=100+200%>

重启apache、tomcat服务，浏览器打开