用route-map筛选路由更新进而过滤路由
一、拓扑图：
二、在上一个实验当中，我们用了distribute来筛选路由更新，那么这次我们用route-map来做一下，前期工作还是一样，配置各接口的IP和协议，并且在R2上做重分发，为了让R1和R3学到明细路由我们要在R2上关闭RIP的自动汇总：
三、针对
OSPF区域的配置步骤：
1、配置完
IP和协议之后，先来看一下
R1的路由表：
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R1#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.168.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
C 172.168.0.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 172.168.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 172.168.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 172.168.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.16.255.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1
O E2 192.168.255.0/24 [110/200] via 172.16.255.2, 00:00:16, Serial1/1
O E2 192.168.0.0/24 [110/200] via 172.16.255.2, 00:00:16, Serial1/1
O E2 192.168.1.0/24 [110/200] via 172.16.255.2, 00:00:16, Serial1/1
O E2 192.168.2.0/24 [110/200] via 172.16.255.2, 00:00:16, Serial1/1
O E2 192.168.3.0/24 [110/200] via 172.16.255.2, 00:00:16, Serial1/1 (没做过滤之前学到了5条O E2 型路由)
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2、再来看一下
R3的路由表：
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R3#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.168.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks
R 172.168.1.0/24 [120/10] via 192.168.255.2, 00:00:24, Serial1/0
R 172.168.0.1/32 [120/10] via 192.168.255.2, 00:00:24, Serial1/0
R 172.168.2.0/24 [120/10] via 192.168.255.2, 00:00:24, Serial1/0
R 172.168.3.0/24 [120/10] via 192.168.255.2, 00:00:24, Serial1/0
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 172.16.255.0 [120/10] via 192.168.255.2, 00:00:24, Serial1/0 (没做过滤之前学到了5条R型路由)
C 192.168.255.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0
C 192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
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3、那么我在
R2做上针对
rip重分发到
ospf区域的访问控制列表，并且在
route-map上调用，然后再引用
route-map对重分发的路由进行过滤。
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R2(config)#access-list 1 deny 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
R2(config)#access-list 1 deny 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255
R2(config)#access-list 1 permit any
R2(config)#route-map rip-ospf permit 1 (
建立rip到ospf 区域的route-map)
R2(config-route-map)#match ip address 1(
匹配访问控制列表1)
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#redistribute rip route-map rip-ospf metric 200 subnets(
引用route-map对重分发的路由进行过滤)
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4、现在再看一下
R1上的路由表：
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R1#sho ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.168.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
C 172.168.0.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 172.168.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 172.168.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 172.168.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.16.255.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1
O E2 192.168.255.0/24 [110/200] via 172.16.255.2, 00:00:11, Serial1/1
O E2 192.168.0.0/24 [110/200] via 172.16.255.2, 00:00:10, Serial1/1
O E2 192.168.1.0/24 [110/200] via 172.16.255.2, 00:00:10, Serial1/1
(现在只学到了3条
)
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四、针对
OSPF区域的配置步骤
1、上一个步骤已经看到了
R3的路由表，全部路由都学到了，那么我现在还是要在
R2上建立
access-list，并在
route-map上调用，然后再引用
route-map对重分发的路由进行过滤。
|
R2(config)#access-list 2 deny 172.168.0.0 0.0.0.255
R2(config)#access-list 2 deny 172.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
R2(config)#access-list 2 permit any
R2(config)#route-map ospf-rip permit 2 (
建立ospf到rip 区域的route-map)
R2(config-route-map)#match ip address 2(
匹配访问控制列表2)
R2(config)#router rip
R2(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 route-map ospf-rip metric 10 (
引用route-map对重分发的路由进行过滤)
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2、再来看一下
R3的路由表：
|
R3#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.168.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
R 172.168.2.0 [120/10] via 192.168.255.2, 00:00:11, Serial1/0
R 172.168.3.0 [120/10] via 192.168.255.2, 00:00:11, Serial1/0
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 172.16.255.0 [120/10] via 192.168.255.2, 00:00:11, Serial1/0
(只学到了三条
)
C 192.168.255.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0
C 192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
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3、呵呵，现在变成只能学到三条
RIP那边过来的路由，开始我很郁闷啊，这一步我一直
clear ip route * ，但是却一直还是
5条
R，检查配置实在找不出原因，想想，我后来只有把配置导出来，然后重启模拟器，再把配置导进去。后来就只能学到这三条了，果然真是模拟器的原因。纠结啊。现在我们用
route-map也能达到目的，或者用
distribute-list 对路由更新筛选目的。不过用
distribute-list步骤要少一点。不过没关系。多一个方法，多一条路。现实生活和工作中何尝不是呢？懂比不懂要好。