对于采用 Brush 对象的 XAML 语法,需要指定以下项之一:
一个 Color 对象,指定为一个直接以 XAML 属性 (Attribute) 形式填充 Brush 类型属性 (Property) 的字符串。该字符串暗指用于填充值的 SolidColorBrush,您指定的 Color 将变为 Color (SolidColorBrush) 属性值。
作为对象元素的非抽象派生类型的 Brush,具有以属性元素形式指定的 Brush 类型属性。
Brush 使用其输出绘制一个区域。下面的列表描述了不同类型的画笔:
1、SolidColorBrush - 使用纯色绘制区域。
SolidColorBrush 对象可能是最基本的画笔,用于将外观应用到对象。可以通过类型转换语法在 XAML 中将 SolidColorBrush 指定为属性值,该语法使用关于字符串含义的几个约定。其他画笔(如 LinearGradientBrush)需要属性元素语法。可以将 Brush 属性的属性元素语法与对象元素语法 <SolidColorBrush.../> 结合在一起使用;如果要为对象元素提供 Name 值并在今后以其属性作为目标,这可能会很有用。
可以使用 ColorAnimation 或 ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames 对象,对 SolidColorBrush 进行动画处理。若要对 SolidColorBrush 进行动画处理,通常会使用 Fill 等属性(采用 Brush)的间接定向,而不是对 SolidColorBrush 的 Color 属性进行动画处理。
通过名称选择一个预定义的 SolidColorBrush。例如,可以将 Rectangle 对象的 Fill 值设置为 Red 或 MediumBlue。下面的示例使用预定义 SolidColorBrush 的名称来设置 Rectangle 的 Fill。
<Canvas
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/client/2007"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
<!-- This rectangle's fill is painted with a red SolidColorBrush,
described by using a named color. -->
<Rectangle Width="100" Height="100" Fill="Red" />
</Canvas>
2、LinearGradientBrush - 使用线性渐变绘制区域。
LinearGradientBrush 对象使用线性渐变绘制区域。线性渐变沿直线定义渐变。该直线的终点由线性渐变的 StartPoint 和 EndPoint 属性定义。 LinearGradientBrush 画笔沿此直线绘制其 GradientStops。
默认的线性渐变是沿对角方向进行的。默认情况下,线性渐变的 StartPoint 是被绘制区域的左上角 (0,0),其 EndPoint 是被绘制区域的右下角 (1,1)。所得渐变的颜色是沿着对角方向路径插入的。
下面的示例创建了一个具有四种颜色的线性渐变,然后使用该渐变绘制 Rectangle 对象。
<Canvas
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/client/2007"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
<!-- This rectangle is painted with a diagonal linear gradient. -->
<Rectangle Width="200" Height="100">
<Rectangle.Fill>
<LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="1,1">
<GradientStop Color="Yellow" Offset="0.0" />
<GradientStop Color="Red" Offset="0.25" />
<GradientStop Color="Blue" Offset="0.75" />
<GradientStop Color="LimeGreen" Offset="1.0" />
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Rectangle.Fill>
</Rectangle>
</Canvas>
3、RadialGradientBrush - 使用径向渐变绘制区域。
RadialGradientBrush 对象与 LinearGradientBrush 对象类似。但是,线性渐变有一个起点和一个终点用于定义渐变矢量,而径向渐变有一个椭圆以及一个焦点 (GradientOrigin) 用于定义渐变行为。该椭圆定义渐变的终点。换言之,1.0 处的渐变停止点定义椭圆圆周处的颜色。焦点定义渐变的中心。0 处的渐变停止点定义焦点处的颜色。
<Canvas xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/client/2007" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"> <!-- This rectangle is painted with a radial gradient. --> <Rectangle Width="200" Height="100"> <Rectangle.Fill> <RadialGradientBrush GradientOrigin="0.5,0.5" Center="0.5,0.5" RadiusX="0.5" RadiusY="0.5"> <GradientStop Color="Yellow" Offset="0" /> <GradientStop Color="Red" Offset="0.25" /> <GradientStop Color="Blue" Offset="0.75" /> <GradientStop Color="LimeGreen" Offset="1" /> </RadialGradientBrush> </Rectangle.Fill> </Rectangle> </Canvas> |
4、ImageBrush - 使用图像绘制区域。
可以使用 ImageBrush 对象为应用程序中的文本创建装饰性效果。例如,TextBlock 对象的 Foreground 属性可以指定 ImageBrush。 如果 ImageSource 属性设置为无效格式,或其指定了无法解析的 URI,将引发 ImageFailed 事件。
下面的 XAML 示例演示如何将 Foreground 属性设置为 ImageBrush 对象,其图像用作 TextBlock 对象呈现文本的填充。
<!-- TextBlock with an image brush applied to the text. --> <TextBlock Canvas.Top="120" FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="72" FontStyle="Italic" FontWeight="Bold"> SHRUBBERY <TextBlock.Foreground> <ImageBrush ImageSource="forest.jpg"/> </TextBlock.Foreground> </TextBlock> |
5、VideoBrush - 使用正在运行的视频绘制区域。
VideoBrush 是一种类似于 LinearGradientBrush 或 ImageBrush 对象的 Brush 对象。但是,VideoBrush 是使用 MediaElement 对象提供的视频内容绘制区域,而不是使用纯色、渐变或图像绘制区域。就像其他画笔类型一样,您也可以使用 VideoBrush 来绘制 Rectangle 等形状的填充或 Path 的几何内容、Canvas 的背景或者 TextBlock 或 Run 的前景。
若要使用 VideoBrush,可以创建一个 MediaElement,将 VideoBrush 应用于要绘制的对象,然后将 VideoBrush 对象的 SourceName 属性设置为所创建的 MediaElement 的 Name 值。
下面的示例使用 VideoBrush 对象绘制 TextBlock 的 Foreground。
<Canvas xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/client/2007" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"> <MediaElement x:Name="butterflyMediaElement" Source="sampleMedia/Butterfly.wmv" IsMuted="True" Opacity="0.0" IsHitTestVisible="False" /> <TextBlock Canvas.Left="5" Canvas.Top="30" FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="120" FontWeight="Bold" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="Video"> <!-- Paint the text with video. --> <TextBlock.Foreground> <VideoBrush SourceName="butterflyMediaElement" Stretch="UniformToFill" /> </TextBlock.Foreground> </TextBlock> </Canvas> 笔刷使用的例子 |
MainPage.xaml
- <phone:PhoneApplicationPage
- x:Class="BrushDemo.MainPage"
- xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
- xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
- xmlns:phone="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Controls;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
- xmlns:shell="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Shell;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
- xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
- xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
- FontFamily="{StaticResource PhoneFontFamilyNormal}"
- FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeNormal}"
- Foreground="{StaticResource PhoneForegroundBrush}"
- SupportedOrientations="Portrait" Orientation="Portrait"
- mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignWidth="480" d:DesignHeight="768"
- shell:SystemTray.IsVisible="True">
- <!--LayoutRoot contains the root grid where all other page content is placed-->
- <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="Transparent">
- <Grid.RowDefinitions>
- <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
- <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
- </Grid.RowDefinitions>
- <!--TitlePanel contains the name of the application and page title-->
- <StackPanel x:Name="TitlePanel" Grid.Row="0" Margin="24,24,0,12">
- <TextBlock x:Name="ApplicationTitle" Text="DEMO" Style="{StaticResource PhoneTextNormalStyle}"/>
- <TextBlock x:Name="PageTitle" Text="brushs" Margin="-3,-8,0,0" Style="{StaticResource PhoneTextTitle1Style}"/>
- </StackPanel>
- <!--ContentPanel - place additional content here-->
- <Grid x:Name="ContentGrid" Grid.Row="1">
- <Grid.RowDefinitions>
- <RowDefinition Height="270*" />
- <RowDefinition Height="347*" />
- </Grid.RowDefinitions>
- <Ellipse Height="160" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="24,18,0,0" Name="ellipse1" StrokeThickness="1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="166" Stroke="White"></Ellipse>
- <Button Content="SoildColorBrush" Grid.Row="1" Height="78" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="12,0,0,0" Name="btnSoildColor" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="462" Click="btnSoildColor_Click" />
- <Button Content="LinearGradientBrush" Height="78" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="12,72,0,0" Name="btnLinearGradient" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="462" Grid.Row="1" Click="btnLinearGradient_Click" />
- <Button Content="ImageBrush" Height="78" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="12,214,0,0" Name="btnImage" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="462" Grid.Row="1" Click="btnImage_Click" />
- <TextBlock Height="96" Margin="24,168,0,0" Name="textBlock1" Text="TextBlock" VerticalAlignment="Top" FontSize="80" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Width="444" />
- <Button Content="RadialGradientBrush" Height="78" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="12,143,0,0" Name="btnRadialGradient" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="462" Grid.Row="1" Click="btnRadialGradient_Click" />
- </Grid>
- </Grid>
- </phone:PhoneApplicationPage>
MainPage.xaml.cs
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Net;
- using System.Windows;
- using System.Windows.Controls;
- using System.Windows.Documents;
- using System.Windows.Input;
- using System.Windows.Media;
- using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
- using System.Windows.Shapes;
- using Microsoft.Phone.Controls;
- namespace BrushDemo
- {
- public partial class MainPage : PhoneApplicationPage
- {
- // Constructor
- public MainPage()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- }
- private void btnSoildColor_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
- {
- ellipse1.Fill = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Green);
- textBlock1.Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Green);
- }
- private void btnLinearGradient_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
- {
- LinearGradientBrush l = new LinearGradientBrush();
- l.StartPoint = new Point(0.5, 0);
- l.EndPoint = new Point(0.5, 1);
- GradientStop s1 = new GradientStop();
- s1.Color = Colors.Yellow;
- s1.Offset = 0.25;
- l.GradientStops.Add(s1);
- GradientStop s2 = new GradientStop();
- s2.Color = Colors.Orange;
- s2.Offset = 1.0;
- l.GradientStops.Add(s2);
- ellipse1.Fill = l;
- textBlock1.Foreground = l;
- }
- private void btnImage_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
- {
- ImageBrush i = new ImageBrush();
- i.Stretch = Stretch.UniformToFill;
- i.ImageSource = new System.Windows.Media.Imaging.BitmapImage(
- new Uri("/Images/IMAG0076.jpg", UriKind.Relative));
- ellipse1.Fill = i;
- textBlock1.Foreground = i;
- }
- private void btnRadialGradient_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
- {
- RadialGradientBrush rb = new RadialGradientBrush();
- rb.Center = new Point(0.5, 0.5);
- GradientStop s1 = new GradientStop();
- rb.RadiusX = 0.5;
- rb.RadiusY = 0.5;
- s1.Color = Colors.Yellow;
- s1.Offset = 0.25;
- rb.GradientStops.Add(s1);
- GradientStop s2 = new GradientStop();
- s2.Color = Colors.Orange;
- s2.Offset = 1.0;
- rb.GradientStops.Add(s2);
- ellipse1.Fill = rb;
- textBlock1.Foreground = rb;
- }
- }
- }
BrushByXaml.xaml
- <phone:PhoneApplicationPage
- x:Class="BrushDemo.BrushByXaml"
- xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
- xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
- xmlns:phone="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Controls;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
- xmlns:shell="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Shell;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
- xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
- xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
- FontFamily="{StaticResource PhoneFontFamilyNormal}"
- FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeNormal}"
- Foreground="{StaticResource PhoneForegroundBrush}"
- SupportedOrientations="Portrait" Orientation="Portrait"
- mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignHeight="768" d:DesignWidth="480"
- shell:SystemTray.IsVisible="True">
- <!--LayoutRoot is the root grid where all page content is placed-->
- <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="Transparent">
- <Grid.RowDefinitions>
- <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
- <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
- </Grid.RowDefinitions>
- <!--TitlePanel contains the name of the application and page title-->
- <StackPanel x:Name="TitlePanel" Grid.Row="0" Margin="12,17,0,28">
- <TextBlock x:Name="ApplicationTitle" Text="MY APPLICATION" Style="{StaticResource PhoneTextNormalStyle}"/>
- <TextBlock x:Name="PageTitle" Text="page name" Margin="9,-7,0,0" Style="{StaticResource PhoneTextTitle1Style}"/>
- </StackPanel>
- <!--ContentPanel - place additional content here-->
- <Grid x:Name="ContentPanel" Grid.Row="1" Margin="12,0,12,0">
- <Ellipse x:Name="ellipse1" Stroke="White" StrokeThickness="2" Margin="106,28,122,350">
- <Ellipse.Fill>
- <RadialGradientBrush GradientOrigin="0,0.5" Center="0.5,0.5"
- RadiusX="1" RadiusY="1">
- <GradientStop Color="Yellow" Offset="0" />
- <GradientStop Color="Green" Offset="0.5" />
- </RadialGradientBrush>
- </Ellipse.Fill>
- </Ellipse>
- <Ellipse Margin="106,279,122,99" Name="ellipse2" Stroke="White" StrokeThickness="2">
- <Ellipse.Fill>
- <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0.5" EndPoint="1,0.5">
- <GradientStop Color="Yellow" Offset="0.25" />
- <GradientStop Color="Orange" Offset="0.75" />
- </LinearGradientBrush>
- </Ellipse.Fill>
- </Ellipse>
- </Grid>
- </Grid>
- </phone:PhoneApplicationPage>
BrushByXaml.xaml.cs
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Net;
- using System.Windows;
- using System.Windows.Controls;
- using System.Windows.Documents;
- using System.Windows.Input;
- using System.Windows.Media;
- using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
- using System.Windows.Shapes;
- using Microsoft.Phone.Controls;
- namespace BrushDemo
- {
- public partial class BrushByXaml : PhoneApplicationPage
- {
- public BrushByXaml()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- }
- }
- }