mysql主从配置（master-slaver）
1.在master机器上
mysql> GRANTREPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'backup'@'192.168.101.103' identified by'password';
ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away
No connection. Tryingto reconnect...
Connectionid: 3
Currentdatabase: *** NONE ***
Query OK, 0 rowsaffected (0.01 sec)
mysql> showmaster status;
ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away
No connection.Trying to reconnect...
Connectionid: 4
Current database:*** NONE ***
Empty set (0.00sec)
--- 解决办法 ---
[root@test3data]# vim /opt/mysql/my.cnf
binlog_format = mixed
log-bin = /opt/mysql/log/mysql-bin
max_binlog_size = 128M
[root@test3data]# mysqladmin -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown
[root@test3data]# /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/opt/mysql/my.cnf &
[root@test3data]# mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock
mysql>show master status; //正常状态
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position |Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000009 | 107 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2.在slave机器上
[root@test3 gymysql]# vim my.cnf
server-id = 10000 //确保唯一
[root@test3 gymysql]# mysqladmin -S /tmp/gymysql.sockshutdown
[root@test3 gymysql]# /opt/gymysql/bin/mysqld--defaults-file=/opt/gymysql/my.cnf &
[root@test3 ~]# mysql -S /tmp/gymysql.sock
mysql> change master tomaster_host='192.168.101.103', master_user='backup',master_password='password', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000011',master_log_pos=107;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.50 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
***************************1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting formaster to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.101.103
Master_User: backup
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000011
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107
Relay_Log_File:gymysql-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 253
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000011
Slave_IO_Running:Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107
Relay_Log_Space: 411
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert:No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1633306
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
*****************************************
其中Slave_IO_Running: Yes，Slave_SQL_Running: Yes都必须为yes才算正常。
验证：master上
mysql>create database first_db;
mysql>use first_db;
Database changed
mysql> createtable first_table(id int(3),name char(10));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.32 sec)
mysql> insertinto first_table values(001,'myself');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> showdatabases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| first_db |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select* from first_db.first_table;
+------+--------+
| id | name |
+------+--------+
| 1 | myself |
+------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Slave上
[root@test3 ~]# mysql -S /tmp/gymysql.sock
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| first_db |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * fromfirst_db.first_table;
+------+--------+
| id | name |
+------+--------+
| 1 | myself |
+------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
如果主服务器已经存在应用数据，则在进行主从复制时，需要做以下处理：
(1)主数据库进行锁表操作，不让数据再进行写入动作
mysql> FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;
(2)查看主数据库状态
mysql> show master status;
(3)记录下 FILE 及 Position 的值。
将主服务器的数据文件（整个/opt/mysql/data目录）复制到从服务器，建议通过tar归档压缩后再传到从服务器解压。
(4)取消主数据库锁定
mysql> UNLOCK TABLES;