网络无人值守安装rhel-6.x
1、准备工作:
rhel-server-6.x-x86_64-dvd.iso光盘镜像
一台已安装好的rhel-6.x系统
2、环境搭建(以下所有命令均以“超户―root”身份执行)
环境所需服务;
ftp server、ftp server、hcp server、ickstart
⑴、配置本地yum源
[root@yeslab ~]# cd /tmp/yeslab/
[root@yeslab yeslab]# wgethttp://192.168.254.9/rhel-6.4.iso
(copy系统镜像到本地)
[root@yeslab yum.repos.d]# mkdir /mnt/iso
[root@yeslab yum.repos.d]# mount -o loop /tmp/yeslab/rhel-6.4.iso /mnt/iso/
(在本地挂在镜像-临时挂载,系统重启后,此挂载会丢失)
[root@yeslab yum.repos.d]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-source.repo
[rhel-6.4]
name=rhel-6.4
baseurl=file:///mnt/iso
gpgcheck=0
(配置本地yum源-在“rhel-source.repo”最尾处,添加上面的四行配置)
⑵、安装配置所需服务
[root@yeslab ~]# yum install vsftpd 安装ftp服务
[root@yeslab ~]# service vsftpd restart
[root@yeslab ~]# chkconfig vsftpd on 配置ftp开机自动启动
[root@yeslab ~]# yum install tftp
[root@yeslab ~]# yum install tftp-server 安装tftp服务
[root@yeslab ~]# vi /etc/xinetd.d/tftp 修改tftp配置文件
service tftp
{
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
wait = yes
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
disable = yes
per_source = 11
cps = 100 2
flags = IPv4
} (此为源文件)
service tftp
{
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
wait = yes
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
server_args = -u nobody -s /tmp/yeslab/tftpboot
disable = no
per_source = 11
cps = 100 2
flags = IPv4
} (此为修改之后的文件,其中/tmp/yeslab/tftpboot为tftp服务的文件存放目录)
[root@yeslab ~]# service xinetd restart 重启tftp服务
[root@yeslab ~]# yum install dhcpd 安装dhcp服务
[root@yeslab ~]# vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 修改dhcp配置文件
ddns-update-style interim;
ignore client-updates;
authoritative;
allow booting;
allow bootp;
subnet 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0{
option routers 192.168.10.170; (gateway ip)
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option time-offset -18000;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.10.191 192.168.10.199;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
filename"pxelinux.0";
next-server 192.168.10.170; (本机的IP地址)
}
以上14行,为添加的指令段,注意分发的地址池和本机在同一网段,每行以“;”结尾
[root@yeslab ~]# service dhcpd restart 重启dhcp服务
[root@yeslab ~]# chkconfig dhcpd on 配置dhcp开机启动
⑶、配置kickstart
[root@yeslab ~]# mkdir /tmp/yeslab/tftpboot 创建tftp文件目录
[root@yeslab ~]# mkdir /tmp/yeslab/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg 创建目录
[root@yeslab ~]# cp /mnt/iso/isolinux/isolinux.cfg/tmp/yeslab/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default复制光盘引导文件到tftp相关目录,并重命名为“default”
[root@yeslab ~]# cp /mnt/iso/images/pxeboot/initrd.img/tmp/yeslab/tftpboot/ 复制光盘引导文件到tftp根目录
[root@yeslab ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /tmp/yeslab/tftpboot/
复制光盘引导文件到tftp根目录(如果提示找不到syslinux目录,则需要安装“system-config-kickstart.noarch”软件包。
[root@yeslab ~]# yum install system-config-kickstart)
[root@yeslab ~]# chmod 644 /tmp/yeslab/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
权限变更
[root@yeslab ~]# vi /tmp/yeslab/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
default vesamenu.c32
#prompt 1
timeout 600
display boot.msg
menu background splash.jpg
menu title Welcome to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.4!
menu color border 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color sel 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color title 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color tabmsg 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color unsel 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color hotsel 0 #ff000000 #ffffffff
menu color hotkey 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #00000000
label linux
u label ^Install or upgrade an existing system
menu default
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img
label vesa
menu label Install system with ^basic video driver
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img xdriver=vesa nomodeset
label rescue
menu label ^Rescue installed system
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img rescue
label local
menu label Boot from ^local drive
localboot 0xffff
label memtest86
menu label ^Memory test
kernel memtest
append -
以上为default源文件,我们修改为以下内容(修改内容已红色标出)
default linux
#prompt 1
timeout 600
display boot.msg
menu background splash.jpg
menu title Welcome to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.4!
menu color border 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color sel 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color title 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color tabmsg 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color unsel 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color hotsel 0 #ff000000 #ffffffff
menu color hotkey 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #00000000
label linux
menu label ^Install or upgrade an existing system
menu default
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img ks=ftp://192.168.10.145/ks.cfg 此为应答文件位置
label vesa
menu label Install system with ^basic video driver
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img xdriver=vesa nomodeset
label rescue
menu label ^Rescue installed system
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img rescue
label local
menu label Boot from ^local drive
localboot 0xffff
label memtest86
menu label ^Memory test
kernel memtest
append �C
下面就要制作ks.cfg应答文件。我们在图形界面运行“system-config-kickstart”来启动图形界面配置kickstart
[root@yeslab ~]# system-config-kickstart
Default language我们选择English(USA)
Keyboard 我们选择US(English)美式键盘
Time Zone 时区为Asia/shanghai
下面是配置“超户-root密码
下面具体操作,不在赘述;请注意,kistarart配置完成后,点击左上角“File”-选择“save”保存文件到“/var/ftp/”目录下(此为FTP文件存放路径)。
最后,设置客户端通过PXE网络启动,安装rhel系统。在此过程中,安装是否会停止,就看你kickstart自动应答文件制作质量的好坏。