[零基础学JAVA]Java SE应用部分-31.Java IO操作(05)IO操作实例讲解之实现简单MIS

定义一个Person类,产生一个对象,要求里面有姓名、年龄、成绩属性,之后把此对象保存在文件之中,可以在屏幕上显示人员的信息,也可以修改信息,但是要求有一个完整的菜单出现。
如果完成此程序需要有几个类呢?
1、Person类
2、文件的操作类
3、输入数据的类
4、具体的操作Person的类
使用Eclipse进行开发
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先分别定义以下几个类:
Person类
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定义Person类属性
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PersonOperate类
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InputData输入数据类
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定义三个方法:
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Menu菜单显示类:
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FileOperate文件操作类
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Main主类测试客户端:
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定义好这五个类后我们就要分别写代码哈~
首先是Person类
我们要写上Setter和Getter方法
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然后写上两个构造方法
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去掉黄色警告CTRL+1
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这样Person类就写完了哈~~~
InputData类写代码
所有的输入数据的代码实际上都是很相似的,所以在此处设计一个InputData类,此类专门用于取得输入的各种数据类型。
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这样就完成了输入数字的功能,我们在Test中进行验证
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Person类完整代码:
package org.redking.demo.vo;    

import java.io.Serializable;    

@SuppressWarnings( "serial")    
public class Person implements Serializable{    
         private String name;    
         private int age;    
         private float score;    
         public Person(){}    
         public Person(String name, int age, float score) {    
                 super();    
                 this.name = name;    
                 this.age = age;    
                 this.score = score;    
        }    

         public String getName() {    
                 return name;    
        }    
         public void setName(String name) {    
                 this.name = name;    
        }    
         public int getAge() {    
                 return age;    
        }    
         public void setAge( int age) {    
                 this.age = age;    
        }    
         public float getScore() {    
                 return score;    
        }    
         public void setScore( float score) {    
                 this.score = score;    
        }    
         public String toString(){    
                 return "姓名:"+ this.name+ ",年龄:"+ this.age+ ",成绩:"+ this.score;    
        }    
}
PersonOperate类完整代码:
package org.redking.demo.op;    

import org.redking.demo.util.FileOperate;    
import org.redking.demo.util.InputData;    
import org.redking.demo.vo.Person;    

public class PersonOperate {    
         private InputData input = null;    
         public PersonOperate(){    
                 this.input = new InputData();    
        }    
         //完成具体的Person对象操作    
         public void add(){    
                 //要使用输入数据的类    
                String name = null;    
                 int age = 0;    
                 float score = 0.0f;    
                System.out.print( "输入姓名:");    
                name = this.input.getString();    
                System.out.print( "输入年龄:");    
                age = this.input.getInt();    
                System.out.print( "输入成绩:");    
                score = this.input.getFloat();    
                 //生成Person对象,把对象保存在文件中    
                Person p = new Person(name,age,score);    
                 try{    
                         new FileOperate().save(p);    
                        System.out.println( "数据保存成功!");    
                } catch(Exception e){    
                        System.out.println( "数据保存失败!");    
                }    
        }    
         public void show(){    
                 //从文件中把内容读进来    
                Person p = null;    
                 try{    
                        p = (Person) new FileOperate().read();    
                } catch(Exception e){    
                        System.out.println( "内容显示失败,请确定数据是否存在!");    
                }    
                 if(p != null){    
                        System.out.println(p);    
                }    
        }    
         public void update(){    
                 //先将之前的信息查出来    
                Person p = null;    
                 try{    
                        p = (Person) new FileOperate().read();    
                } catch(Exception e){    
                        System.out.println( "内容显示失败,请确定数据是否存在!");    
                }    
                 if(p != null){    
                        String name = null;    
                         int age = 0;    
                         float score =0.0f;    
                        System.out.print( "请输入新的姓名(原姓名:"+p.getName()+ ")");    
                        name = this.input.getString();    
                        System.out.print( "请输入新的年龄(原年龄:"+p.getAge()+ ")");    
                        age = this.input.getInt();    
                        System.out.print( "请输入新的成绩(原成绩:"+p.getScore()+ ")");    
                        score = this.input.getFloat();    
                         //信息重新设置    
                        p.setName(name);    
                        p.setAge(age);    
                        p.setScore(score);    
                         try{    
                                 new FileOperate().save(p);    
                                System.out.println( "数据更新成功!");    
                        } catch(Exception e){    
                                System.out.println( "数据更新失败!");    
                        }    
                }    
        }    
}
InputData类完整代码:
package org.redking.demo.util;    

import java.io.BufferedReader;    
import java.io.IOException;    
import java.io.InputStreamReader;    

public class InputData {    
         private BufferedReader buf = null;    
         public InputData(){    
                buf = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(System.in));    
        };    
         public String getString(){    
                String str = null;    
                 try {    
                        str = buf.readLine();    
                } catch (IOException e) {}    
                 return str;    
        }    
         public int getInt(){    
                 int temp = 0;    
                 //如果输入的不是数字,至少应该有一个提示,告诉用户输入错了~    
                 //可以使用正则验证    
                String str = null;    
                 boolean flag = true;    
                 while(flag){    
                         //输入数据    
                        str = this.getString();    
                         if (!(str.matches( "\\d+"))){    
                                 //如果输入的不是一个数字,则必须重新输入    
                                System.out.print( "输入的内容必须是整数,请重新输入:");    
                        } else{    
                                 //输入的是一个正确的数字,则可以进行转换    
                                temp = Integer.parseInt(str);    
                                 //表示退出循环    
                                flag = false;    
                        }    
                }    
                 return temp;    
        }    
         public float getFloat(){    
                 float f = 0.0f;    
                 //如果输入的不是数字,至少应该有一个提示,告诉用户输入错了~    
                 //可以使用正则验证    
                String str = null;    
                 boolean flag = true;    
                 while(flag){    
                         //输入数据    
                        str = this.getString();    
                         if (!(str.matches( "\\d+.?\\d{1,2}"))){    
                                 //如果输入的不是一个数字,则必须重新输入    
                                System.out.print( "输入的内容必须是小数(小数点后两位),请重新输入:");    
                        } else{    
                                 //输入的是一个正确的数字,则可以进行转换    
                                f = Float.parseFloat(str);    
                                 //表示退出循环    
                                flag = false;    
                        }    
                }    
                 return f;    
        }    
}
 
FileOperate文件操作类完整代码:
package org.redking.demo.util;    

import java.io.File;    
import java.io.FileInputStream;    
import java.io.FileOutputStream;    
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;    
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;    

public class FileOperate {    
         public static final String FILENAME = "E:\\person.ser";    
         //把对象保存在文件之中    
         public void save(Object obj){    
                ObjectOutputStream out = null;    
                 try {    
                        out = new ObjectOutputStream( new FileOutputStream( new File(FILENAME)));    
                         //写入对象    
                        out.writeObject(obj);    
                } catch(Exception e){    
                         try {    
                                 throw e;    
                        } catch (Exception e1) {}    
                } finally {    
                         try {    
                                out.close();    
                        } catch(Exception e){}    
                }    
        }    
         //把对象从文件之中读出来    
         public Object read() throws Exception{    
                Object obj = null;    
                ObjectInputStream input = null;    
                 try {    
                        input = new ObjectInputStream( new FileInputStream( new File(FILENAME)));    
                        obj = input.readObject();    
                } catch (Exception e) {    
                         throw e;    
                } finally{    
                         try{    
                                input.close();                                
                        } catch(Exception e){}    
                }    
                 return obj;    
        }    
}
 
  Menu菜单类完整代码:
package org.redking.demo.menu;    

import org.redking.demo.op.PersonOperate;    
import org.redking.demo.util.InputData;    

public class Menu {    
        InputData input = null;    
         public Menu(){    
                 this.input = new InputData();    
                 //循环出现菜单    
                 while( true){    
                         this.show();    
                }    
        }    
         //需要定义的菜单内容    
         public void show(){    
                System.out.println( "\t\t\t1、增加人员信息");    
                System.out.println( "\t\t\t2、浏览人员信息");    
                System.out.println( "\t\t\t3、修改人员信息");    
                System.out.println( "\t\t\t4、退出系统");    
                System.out.print( "\n\n请选择要使用的操作:");    
                 int temp = input.getInt();    
                 switch(temp){    
                 case 1:{    
                         new PersonOperate().add();    
                         break;    
                }    
                 case 2:{    
                         new PersonOperate().show();    
                         break;    
                }    
                 case 3:{    
                         new PersonOperate().update();    
                         break;    
                }    
                 case 4:{    
                        System.out.println( "选择的是退出系统");    
                        System.out.println( "系统退出!");    
                        System.exit(1);    
                }    
                 default:{    
                        System.out.println( "输入的内容不正确");    
                         break;    
                }    
                }    
        }    
}
 
Test测试类完整代码:
package org.redking.demo.main;    

import org.redking.demo.menu.Menu;    

public class Test {    
         public static void main(String[] args) {    
                 new Menu();    
        }    

}
  测试: 
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测试成功~~~
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总结
在整个程序中某一块的修改不会影响其他部分。
注意:
在编写代码中,类的形成是逐步完成的,不是一下子就一定可以设计一个非常完美的类。
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本文出自 “王乾De技术博客” 博客,谢绝转载!

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