案例分享-删除MySQL的默认root用户

需求分析:

1. root密码在多个地方出现过,比如分享的技术文档,邮件,截图.

2. MySQL默认安装的管理员帐号名称root,众所周知.为了增强安全性,需要更换一个用户名称,例如换成superuser,或者有公司特色的.例如xxx_admin.

应对策略:

1. 首先创建一个与root用户权限一样的用户.
   GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'x_admin'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY 'xxxx';

2. 删除默认的root用户.
   drop user root@'127.0.0.1';
   drop user root@'localhost';
   drop user root@'::1';

注意问题:

1. 视图
   曾经用root帐号为DEFINER的视图,如果将root删除,将提示该视图无法使用,没有权限.所以要注意提前查看是否存在视图,存在的话,需要修改该视图的DEFINER属性.
   修改视图,是瞬间就能完成的操作,除非该视图被其他sql语句占用,处于锁定的状态.
   
   

   查看视图
   select TABLE_SCHEMA, TABLE_NAME, VIEW_DEFINITION, DEFINER from information_schema.VIEWS;
   
   修改视图(非root的暂不修改)
   ALTER DEFINER=`x_admin`@`127.0.0.1` SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW v_name AS...

   
   

   
   

2. 存储过程/函数
   情况与视图类似
   
   

   查看存储过程/视图
   select ROUTINE_SCHEMA,ROUTINE_NAME,ROUTINE_TYPE,DEFINER from information_schema.ROUTINES;
   或者
   select db,name,type,definer from mysql.proc;
   
   
   修改存储例程,可直接修改mysql.proc
   update mysql.proc set definer='[email protected]'where db='db_name';
   如果修改所有库
   update mysql.proc set definer='[email protected]';

   
   

   
   

3. 用root用户连接MySQL的脚本
   此类问题比较好解决,可单独为脚本创建帐号用来执行脚本中指定的操作,该用户名可用script_,或者脚本名命名.权限够用就行,不要分配过多的权限.

4. 方法:一个增加用户的脚本.(配合批量执行)
   
   

   
   #!/usr/bin/python
   #-*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
   # ########################################################################
   # This program
   # Version: 2.0.0 (2012-10-10)
   # Authors: [email protected]
   # History:
   # ########################################################################
   
   import os
   import socket
   import subprocess
   import sys
   import traceback
   from ConfigParser import ConfigParser
   
   class Finger(object):
       'finger.py'
   
       def __init__ (self):
           print '---- %s, %s' % (socket.gethostname(), self.__doc__)
   
       def load_config (self, file="finger.ini"):
           if not os.path.exists(file):
               print file,"is not exists, but is created, please fix it"
               temp_ini = '''[conn_db]
   login_pwd =
   exec_sql =
   '''
               open(file, 'w').write(temp_ini)
               os.chmod(file, 0600)
               sys.exit()
           config = ConfigParser()
           config.read(file)
           if config.has_section('conn_db') is True:
               if config.has_option('conn_db', 'login_pwd') is True:
                   login_pwd = config.get('conn_db', 'login_pwd')
               if config.has_option('conn_db', 'exec_sql') is True:
                   exec_sql = config.get('conn_db', 'exec_sql')
               return (login_pwd, exec_sql)
   
       def grant_user(self, login_pwd, exec_sql):
           if os.path.exists('/usr/local/bin/mysql'):
               mysql = '/usr/local/bin/mysql'
           elif os.path.exists('/usr/bin/mysql'):
               mysql = '/usr/bin/mysql'
           elif os.path.exists('/bin/mysql'):
               mysql = '/bin/mysql'
           else:
               print "command not fount of mysql"
               sys.exit()
   
           user = 'xxxx'
           conn_port = [3306,3307,3308,3309,3310]
           for i in conn_port:
               ss = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
               address = ('127.0.0.1', int(i))
               status = ss.connect_ex(address)
               ss.settimeout(3)
               ss.close()
               if status == 0:
                   conn_mysql  = '%s -u%s -p%s -h127.0.0.1 -P%d -N -s -e"%s"' % (mysql, user, login_pwd, i, exec_sql)
                   p = subprocess.call(conn_mysql, shell=True, stdout=open("/dev/null"))
                   if p == 0:
                       print "---- checking port: %s is NORMAL" % i
                   else:
                       print "---- checking prot: %s is ERROR" % i
   
   if __name__ == '__main__':
       try:
           process = Finger()
           (login_pwd, exec_sql) = process.load_config()
           process.grant_user(login_pwd, exec_sql)
       except Exception, e:
           print str(e)
           traceback.print_exc()
           sys.exit()