oracle DataGuard
手工搭建物理dataguard
首先数据库需要设置为归档模式
强制数据库为force logging 模式
SQL>alter database force logging;
为主库添加standby redo log，standby日志文件需要大于或等于联机日志文件
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4 '/export/home/oracle/oradata/orcl/std_redo04.log' size 51m;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 5 '/export/home/oracle/oradata/orcl/std_redo05.log' size 51m;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 6 '/export/home/oracle/oradata/orcl/std_redo06.log' size 51m;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 7 '/export/home/oracle/oradata/orcl/std_redo07.log' size 51m;
创建pfile文件
SQL>create pfile='/export/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/dbs/initorcl.ora'
修改pfile文件
[oracle@solaris ~/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/dbs]-->cat initorcl.ora
orcl.__db_cache_size=41943040
orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__shared_pool_size=54525952
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/export/home/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/export/home/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.2.0'
*.control_files='/export/home/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/export/home/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl','/export/home/ora
cle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/export/home/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/export/home/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_file_name_convert='/export/home/oracle/oradata/std','/export/home/oracle/oradata/orcl'
*.nls_language='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=10777216
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=107772160
*.standby_file_management='auto'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/export/home/oracle/admin/orcl/udump'
----以下内容是新添加的
*.db_unique_name='orcl'
*.db_file_name_convert='/export/home/oracle/oradata/std','/export/home/oracle/oradata/orcl'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(orcl,std)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/export/home/oracle/arch/orcl valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=orcl'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=std LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=std'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='enable'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='enable'
*.fal_client='orcl'
*.fal_server='std'
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.standby_archive_dest='/export/home/oracle/arch/orcl'
创建相关的目录
$mkdir -p /export/home/oracle/arch/orcl
修改listener.ora 和tnsname.ora
首先是listener.ora 主备的配置一样
[oracle@solaris ~/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/network/admin]-->cat listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /export/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /export/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0.1)
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = std)
(ORACLE_HOME = /export/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0.1)
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = std)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = solaris)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
再是tnsname.ora
[oracle@solaris ~/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/network/admin]-->cat tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /export/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = solaris)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
std =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = solaris)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = std)
)
)
因为我主备的实例都运行在本机，所以tnsname.ora 有两个实例的监听
创建密码文件
[oracle@solaris ~/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/dbs]-->orapwd file=orapworcl password=oracle entries=10 force=y
[oracle@solaris ~/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/dbs]-->orapwd file=orapwstd password=oracle entries=10 force=y
将主库的参数文件复制为备库的参数文件,修改相应的值
$cp initorcl.ora initstd.ora
[oracle@solaris ~/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/dbs]-->cat initstd.ora
orcl.__db_cache_size=41943040
orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__shared_pool_size=54525952
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/export/home/oracle/admin/std/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/export/home/oracle/admin/std/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.2.0'
*.control_files='/export/home/oracle/oradata/std/control01.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/export/home/oracle/admin/std/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_file_name_convert='/export/home/oracle/oradata/orcl','/export/home/oracle/oradata/std'
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/export/home/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.db_unique_name='std'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.fal_client='std'
*.fal_server='orcl'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(orcl,std)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/export/home/oracle/arch/std valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=std'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=orcl LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='enable'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='enable'
*.log_file_name_convert='/export/home/oracle/oradata/orcl','/export/home/oracle/oradata/std'
*.nls_language='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=10777216
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=107772160
*.standby_archive_dest='/export/home/oracle/arch/std'
*.standby_file_management='auto'
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/export/home/oracle/admin/std/udump'
$mkdir -p /export/home/oracle/arch/std
$mkdir -p /export/home/oracle/admin/std/{a,b,c,u}dump
$mkdir -p /export/home/oracle/oradata/std
创建备库的控制文件
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/export/home/oracle/oradata/std/control01.ctl';
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/export/home/oracle/oradata/std/control02.ctl';
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/export/home/oracle/oradata/std/control03.ctl';
关闭主数据库
SQL> shutdown immedate
将数据文件，日志文件，standby日志文件拷贝到备库中
$cp /export/home/oracle/oradata/orcl/* /export/home/oracle/oradata/orcl
启动主备数据库
主
SQL> startup pfile='/export/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/dbs/initorcl.ora';
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
备
SQL> startup nomout;
SQL> alter database mount standby database;
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
查看sequence#
主
SQL> select sequence# from v$log;
SEQUENCE#
----------
33
32
0
备
SQL> select sequence# from v$log;
SEQUENCE#
----------
33
0
0
主备之间的切换
主切换到备
主
SQL> ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PHYSICAL STANDBY WITH SESSION SHUTDOWN ;
SQL> shutdown immedate
SQL> startup mount
SQL> select database_role,switchover_status from v$database;
DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------------- --------------------
PHYSICAL STANDBY TO PRIMARY
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
备切换到主
备
SQL> ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO primary WITH SESSION SHUTDOWN ;
SQL> alter database open;
SQL> select database_role,switchover_status from v$database;
DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------------- --------------------
PRIMARY SESSIONS ACTIVE