CenOS 6.3搭建LNMP

说明：

操作系统：CenOS 6.3 32位

所需安装包及软件可以到这个网址下载    http://soft.7dot.com/

（phpmyadmin  各类库文件等 ）

关闭SElinux  防火墙添加允许80  3306端口通过规则

1.  vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables            -----给防火墙添加规则

   
   

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT  #允许80端口通过防火墙

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT  #允许3306端口通过防火墙

特别提示：如果这两条规则添加到防火墙配置的最后一行，导致防火墙启动失败，正确的应该是添加到默认的22端口这条规则的下面

service iptables restart        ------重启防火墙使配置生效

2.  vi /etc/selinux/config            -------关闭SELinux        

#SELINUX=enforcing             -------#注释掉

#SELINUXTYPE=targeted         --------#注释掉

SELINUX=disabled             ----------#增加

:wq!                          -------#保存退出

setenforce 0                 -------#使配置立即生效

3.    下载软件包

nginx

    wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.4.tar.gz

pcre(支持nginx伪静态）

    wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.34.tar.gz

mysql

    wget http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.35.tar.gz

php

    wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.3.28.tar.gz

    wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-5.3.28.tar.gz

cmake(mysql编译工具）

    wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.12.1.tar.gz

另外在安装php过程中会出现需要GD libmcrypt等库和模块文件，如果在系统查询没有安装，请下载源码包编译安装

GD库(php页面图片验证码支持）

    wget http://ring.u-toyama.ac.jp/archives/graphics/gd/gd-2.0.36RC1.tar.gz

libmcrypt（PHPlibmcrypt模块）

    wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

附加两个加速php执行效率的组件

Zend Guard(加速php执行效率）

    wget http://downloads.zend.com/guard/5.5.0/ZendGuardLoader-php-5.3-linux-glibc23-i386.tar.gz   32位

    wget  http://downloads.zend.com/guard/5.5.0/ZendGuardLoader-php-5.3-linux-glibc23-x86_64.tar.gz  64位

eaccelerator(加速php执行效率）

    wget http://soft.7dot.com/soft/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2

4.    安装编译工具及库文件

    yum install -y make apr* autoconf automake curl curl-devel gcc gcc-c++ gtk+-devel zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel gd kernel keyutils patch perl kernel-headers compat*  cpp glibc libgomp libstdc++-devel keyutils-libs-devel libsepol-devel libselinux-devel krb5-devel  libXpm* freetype freetype-devel freetype* fontconfig fontconfig-devel  libjpeg* libpng* php-common php-gd gettext gettext-devel ncurses* libtool* libxml2 libxml2-devel patch policycoreutils bison 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

安装cmake

    

tar zxvf cmake-2.8.12.1.tar.gz

cd cmake-2.8.12.1

./configure && make && make install

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

安装pcre

mkdir /usr/local/pcre         --------创建安装目录

tar zxvf pcre-8.34.tar.gz

cd pcre-8.34

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre && make && make install

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

安装libmcrypt

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz 

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8 

./configure && make && make install

安装GD库

tar zxvf gd-2.0.36RC1.tar.gz

cd gd-2.0.36RC1

mkdir -p /usr/local/gd

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd --with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg/ --with-png=/usr/local/libpng/ --with-zlib=/usr/local/zlib/ --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype/

make && make install

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        MYSQL安装

tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.25.tar.gz

mkdir -pv /usr/local/mysql/data

cd mysql-5.5.25

cmake \

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/user/local/mysql/data \

-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock \

-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \

-DWITH_DEBUG=0 \

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1

 make && make install

//设置Mysql

//在support-files目录中有五个配置信息文件(这里很重要，一定要根据自己的内存复制对应的cnf文件，否则mysql始终起不来)：

//my-small.cnf (内存<=64M)

//my-medium.cnf (内存 128M)

//my-large.cnf (内存 512M)

//my-huge.cnf (内存 1G-2G)

//my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf (内存 4GB)

    cd /usr/local/mysql

    cp ./support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf 

    vi /etc/my.cnf

#在 [mysqld] 段修改

max_allowed_packet = 16M 

1. 添加mysql用户和用户组，生成新的mysql授权表

   //添加mysql运行的用户和用户组

   #groupadd mysql

   # useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql

   #chmod +x /usr/local/mysql

   #chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

   #chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/data

   //生成新的mysql授权表

   //进入mysql安装目录下的脚本目录

   #cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts

   //利用mysql_install_db脚本生成新的mysql授权表

   #./mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql

   //mysql server在系统中的服务项设置

   //复制服务文件并修改

   #cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files

   #cp mysql.server mysqld

   //修改mysqld

   #vim mysqld

   basedir=/usr/local/mysql

   datadir=/usr/local/ysql/data

   #mv mysqld /etc/init.d/mysqld

   #chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

   //设置软连接使mysql,  mysqldump,  mysqladmin这三个bin命令能在shell中直接运行

   #ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin

   #ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump /usr/bin

   #ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/bin

   启动mysql

   #/etc/init.d/mysqld start

   Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!     出现这个就是启动成功的意思

                            NGINX安装

grupadd www        -----添加www组

useradd -g www www -s /sbin/nologin    ---创建nginx账户并加入www组，不允许此用户登录系统

mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx            -----创建安装目录

tar zxvf nginx-1.4.4.tar.gz            -----解压

cd nginx-1.4.4

    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --without-http_memcached_module --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-openssl=/usr/ --with-pcre=/root/pcre-8.34

注意:--with-pcre=/root/pcre-8.34指向的是源码包解压的路径，而不是安装的路径，否则会报错

最后一行出现   creating objs/Makefile   证明检测成功生成了makefile文件

    make         ------只要没出现error错误就继续make install

    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx        -----启动nginx

    

    vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx            -------编辑文件设置nginx开机启动

#!/bin/sh

#

# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon

#

# chkconfig:   - 85 15

# description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \

#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server

# processname: nginx

# config:      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

# config:      /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

# pidfile:     /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid

# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.

. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.

[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"

prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

make_dirs() {

# make required directories

user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`

if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then

useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user

fi

options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`

for opt in $options; do

if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then

value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`

if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then

# echo "creating" $value

mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value

fi

fi

done

}

start() {

[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5

[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6

make_dirs

echo -n $"Starting $prog: "

daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

retval=$?

echo

[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile

return $retval

}

stop() {

echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "

killproc $prog -QUIT

retval=$?

echo

[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile

return $retval

}

restart() {

#configtest || return $?

stop

sleep 1

start

}

reload() {

#configtest || return $?

echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "

killproc $nginx -HUP

RETVAL=$?

echo

}

force_reload() {

restart

}

configtest() {

$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

}

rh_status() {

status $prog

}

rh_status_q() {

rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1

}

case "$1" in

start)

rh_status_q && exit 0

$1

;;

stop)

rh_status_q || exit 0

$1

;;

restart|configtest)

$1

;;

reload)

rh_status_q || exit 7

$1

;;

force-reload)

force_reload

;;

status)

rh_status

;;

condrestart|try-restart)

rh_status_q || exit 0

;;

*)

echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"

exit 2

esac

=======================================================

:wq! #保存退出

chmod 775 /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx            -------- 赋予文件执行权限

chkconfig nginx on             --------设置开机启动

/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx restart                      --------重新启动Nginx

service nginx restart

=======================================================

                                                                PHP安装

tar zxvf php-5.3.28.tar.gz                -----解压

cd php-5.3.28

mkdir -p /usr/local/php                    ----新建安装目录

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-gd=/usr/local/gd --with-png-dir=/usr/lib --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib --with-freetype-dir=/usr/lib --with-iconv --with-zlib --enable-xml --enable-magic-quotes --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --enable-ftp --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear --with-gettext --enable-session --with-mcrypt --with-curl

下面列举的是安装PHP的常用错误，如果我们一开始就安装好了下面两项就不会出现

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

出现错误：

 configure: error: Unable to find gd.h anywhere under /usr/local/gd

系统中已经有GD了，把--with-gd后面留空，就可以顺利configure了，上面的命令，我已经去掉了―with-gd的值，所以应该不会出这个error了。仔细想想好像我装系统时确实把图形那个组件给点上了！

去掉--with-gd 选项后再次执行

又出现错误：

    configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.

缺少libmcrypt  这个模块，用yum安装发现源里面没有，下面我们下载源码编译安装

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

再次./configure

Configure成功后提示”Thank you for using PHP.”.

make && make install

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini        ------复制php配置文件到安装目录

rm -rf /etc/php.ini            ---删除系统自带的配置文件

ln -s /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini /etc/php.ini            -----添加软链接

cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf       ----拷贝模板为php-fpm配置文件

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

修改

user = www        -----设置php-fpm运行账户为www

group = www        ----设置php-fpm运行组为www

pid = run/php-fpm.pid        ----取消前面的分号注释

cp php-5.3.28/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm   /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm         ----拷贝php-fpm到启动目录

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm                 ----添加执行权限

chkconfig php-fpm on                 -----设置开机启动

service php-fpm start             ------启动

vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini 

找到：disable_functions =

修改为：disable_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,escapeshellcmd,dll,popen,disk_free_space,checkdnsrr,checkdnsrr,getservbyname,getservbyport,disk_total_space,posix_ctermid,posix_get_last_error,posix_getcwd, posix_getegid,posix_geteuid,posix_getgid, posix_getgrgid,posix_getgrnam,posix_getgroups,posix_getlogin,posix_getpgid,posix_getpgrp,posix_getpid, posix_getppid,posix_getpwnam,posix_getpwuid, posix_getrlimit, posix_getsid,posix_getuid,posix_isatty, posix_kill,posix_mkfifo,posix_setegid,posix_seteuid,posix_setgid, posix_setpgid,posix_setsid,posix_setuid,posix_strerror,posix_times,posix_ttyname,posix_uname

#列出PHP可以禁用的函数，如果某些程序需要用到这个函数，可以删除，取消禁用

找到：;date.timezone =

修改为：date.timezone = PRC #设置时区

找到：expose_php = On

修改为：expose_php = OFF #禁止显示php版本的信息

找到：short_open_tag = Off

修改为：short_open_tag = ON #支持php短标签

service php-fpm restart                -----重启php

配置NGINX支持PHP

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user www www; #首行user去掉注释,修改Nginx运行组为www www；必须与/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf中的user,group配置相同，否则php运行出错

index index.php index.html index.htm; #添加index.php

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

#

location ~ \.php$ {

root html;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

include fastcgi_params;

}

#取消FastCGI server部分location的注释,注意fastcgi_param行的参数,改为$document_root$fastcgi_script_name,或者使用绝对路径

service nginx restart            ----重启nginx

配置PHP支持Zend Guard

安装Zend Guard加速php执行效率

mkdir /usr/local/zend

tar zxvf ZendGuardLoader-php-5.3-linux-glibc23-i386.tar.gz 

cd ZendGuardLoader-php-5.3-linux-glibc23-i386

cp php-5.3.x/ZendGuardLoader.so /usr/local/zend/            -----拷贝文件到安装目录

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

在最后位置添加以下内容

[Zend Guard]

zend_extension=/usr/local/zend/ZendGuardLoader.so

zend_loader.enable=1

zend_loader.disable_licensing=0

zend_loader.obfuscation_level_support=3

zend_loader.license_path=

安装eaccelerator加速php执行效率

tar jxf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2             -----解压

cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize                        ----用phpize生成configure配置文件

./configure -enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make && make install

make install 后记住后面的路径  /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/                -----eaccelerator模块路径

mkdir /tmp/eaccelerator  #创建目录

chmod 777 /tmp/eaccelerator  #设置目录权限为完全控制

vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini  #编辑配置文件，在ZendGuardLoader配置部分前添加以下内容

[eaccelerator]

zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/eaccelerator.so"

eaccelerator.cache_dir="/tmp/eaccelerator"

eaccelerator.shm_size="8"

eaccelerator.enable="1"

eaccelerator.optimizer="1"

eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"

eaccelerator.debug="0"

eaccelerator.filter=""

eaccelerator.shm_max="0"

eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_only="0"

eaccelerator.compress="1"

eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

eaccelerator.keys ="disk_only"

eaccelerator.sessions ="disk_only"

eaccelerator.content ="disk_only"

备注：如果配置文件中已经有了ZendGuardLoader等配置信息，为了避免冲突，需要把上面的配置信息写在ZendGuardLoader配置之前

现在LNMP已经全部搭建完成了，下面进行测试

cd /usr/local/nginx/html/              --------进入nginx默认网站根目录

rm -rf *                      --------删除默认测试页

vi index.php                 ------新建index.php文件

<?php

phpinfo();

?>

:wq! #保存退出

chown www.www /usr/local/nginx/html/         -R #设置目录所有者

chmod 700 /usr/local/nginx/html/         -R #设置目录权限

在本地浏览器中输入localhost 我们会看到php版本的信息

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