FastDFS介绍和配置过程

由于网站使用nfs共享方式保存用户上传的图片，附件等资料，然后通过apache下载的方式供用户访问，在网站架构初期，使用这种简单的方式实现了静态资源的读写分离，但随着网站数据量的增加，图片服务器渐渐成为整个网站的短板，缘次催生了使用fastfds的想法，故而先进行一番简单的测试！在开始之前还是先来看看fastfds的介绍信息：

fastdfs是一个开源的，高性能的的分布式文件系统，他主要的功能包括：文件存储，同步和访问，设计基于高可用和负载均衡，fastfd非常适用于基于文件服务的站点，例如图片分享和视频分享网站

fastfds有两个角色：跟踪服务和存储服务，跟踪服务控制，调度文件以负载均衡的方式访问；存储服务包括：文件存储，文件同步，提供文件访问接口，同时以key value的方式管理文件的元数据

跟踪和存储服务可以由1台或者多台服务器组成，同时可以动态的添加，删除跟踪和存储服务而不会对在线的服务产生影响，在集群中，tracker服务是对等的

存储系统由一个或多个卷组成，卷与卷之间的文件是相互独立的，所有卷的文件容量累加就是整个存储系统中的文件容量。一个卷可以由一台或多台存储服务器组成，一个卷下的存储服务器中的文件都是相同的，卷中的多台存储服务器起到了冗余备份和负载均衡的作用。在卷中增加服务器时，同步已有的文件由系统自动完成，同步完成后，系统自动将新增服务器切换到线上提供服务。当存储空间不足或即将耗尽时，可以动态添加卷。只需要增加一台或多台服务器，并将它们配置为一个新的卷，这样就扩大了存储系统的容量。

下面几张图可以清楚的说明fastfds的架构和文件上传和下载流程等：

下面将介绍下fastdfs在rhel上的部署过程
tracker服务器：192.168.123.110/24
storage服务器：192.168.123.20/24

一：编译安装

[root@db1 ~]# wget http://cloud.github.com/downloads/libevent/libevent/libevent-2.0.14  

-stable.tar.gz  

[root@db1 ~]# tar -zxvpf libevent-2.0.14-stable.tar.gz   

[root@db1 ~]# cd libevent-2.0.14-stable  

[root@db1 libevent-2.0.14-stable]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent-2.0.14 &&   

make && make install  

[root@db1 ~]# wget http://fastdfs.googlecode.com/files/FastDFS_v3.02.tar.gz  

[root@db1 ~]# tar -zxvf FastDFS_v3.02.tar.gz   

[root@db1 ~]# cd FastDFS  

[root@db1 FastDFS]# grep -A 4 '/usr/local/FastDFS' make.sh   

TARGET_PREFIX=/usr/local/FastDFS  

TARGET_CONF_PATH=/etc/fdfs  

WITH_HTTPD=1 

WITH_LINUX_SERVICE=1 

[root@db1 FastDFS]# ./make.sh C_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/local/libevent-2.0.14/include    

LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/libevent-2.0.14/lib  

[root@db1 FastDFS]# ./make.sh install  

[root@db1 FastDFS]# ls /etc/fdfs/  

client.conf  http.conf  mime.types  storage.conf  tracker.conf 

二：tracker配置文件

[root@db1 ~]# grep -v '^#' /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf |grep -v '^$'  

disabled=false 

bind_addr=192.168.123.110  

port=22122 

connect_timeout=30 

network_timeout=60 

base_path=/home/data/fastdfs  

max_connections=256 

work_threads=4 

store_lookup=2 

store_group=group2 

store_server=0 

store_path=0 

download_server=0 

reserved_storage_space = 4GB 

log_level=info 

run_by_group=  

run_by_user=  

allow_hosts=*  

sync_log_buff_interval = 10 

check_active_interval = 120 

thread_stack_size = 64KB 

storage_ip_changed_auto_adjust = true 

storage_sync_file_max_delay = 86400 

storage_sync_file_max_time = 300 

use_trunk_file = false   

slot_min_size = 256 

slot_max_size = 16MB 

trunk_file_size = 64MB 

http.disabled=false 

http.server_port=8080 

http.check_alive_interval=30 

http.check_alive_type=tcp 

http.check_alive_uri=/status.html  

http.need_find_content_type=true 

 

[root@db1 ~]# grep -v '^#' /etc/fdfs/http.conf  |grep -v '^$'  

http.default_content_type = application/octet-stream  

http.mime_types_filename=/etc/fdfs/mime.types  

http.anti_steal.check_token=false 

http.anti_steal.token_ttl=900 

http.anti_steal.secret_key=FastDFS1234567890 

http.anti_steal.token_check_fail=/home/data/fastdfs/conf/anti-steal.jpg 

三：启动tracker服务，需要注意tracker.conf文件最后一行为#include httpd.conf

[root@db1 ~]# /usr/local/FastDFS/bin/fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf   

/usr/local/FastDFS/bin/fdfs_trackerd: error while loading shared libraries: libevent-  

2.0.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory  

[root@db1 ~]# echo '/usr/local/libevent-2.0.14/include/' >> /etc/ld.so.conf  

[root@db1 ~]# echo '/usr/local/libevent-2.0.14/lib/' >> /etc/ld.so.conf  

[root@db1 ~]# ldconfig  

[root@db1 ~]# /usr/local/FastDFS/bin/fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf   

[2012-07-04 17:52:25] ERROR - file: tracker_func.c, line: 160, "/home/data/fastdfs"   

can't be accessed, error info: No such file or directory  

[root@db1 ~]# mkdir -p /home/data/fastdfs  

[root@db1 ~]# /usr/local/FastDFS/bin/fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf   

[root@db1 ~]# echo $?  

22  

[root@db1 ~]# cat  /home/data/fastdfs/logs/trackerd.log   

[2012-07-04 17:52:50] ERROR - file: ../common/fdfs_http_shared.c, line: 128, param   

"http.mime_types_filename" not exist or is empty  

[root@db1 ~]# tail -1 /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf   

#include http.conf  

[root@db1 ~]# /usr/local/FastDFS/bin/fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf   

[root@db1 ~]# echo $?  

0  

[root@db1 ~]# ps -ef |grep track  

root      3535     1  0 15:47 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/FastDFS/bin/fdfs_trackerd   

/etc/fdfs/tracker.conf  

 

[root@db1 ~]# netstat -ntpl |grep fdfs  

tcp        0      0 192.168.123.110:22122       0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN        

3535/fdfs_trackerd    

tcp        0      0 192.168.123.110:8080        0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN        

3535/fdfs_trackerd  

四：storage配置文件

[root@db2 ~]# grep -v '^#' /etc/fdfs/storage.conf |grep -v '^$'  

disabled=false 

group_name=group1 

bind_addr=192.168.123.20  

client_bind=true 

port=23000 

connect_timeout=30 

network_timeout=60 

heart_beat_interval=30 

stat_report_interval=60 

base_path=/home/data/fastdfs  

max_connections=256 

buff_size = 256KB 

work_threads=4 

disk_rw_separated = true 

disk_rw_direct = false 

disk_reader_threads = 1 

disk_writer_threads = 1 

sync_wait_msec=50 

sync_interval=0 

sync_start_time=00:00  

sync_end_time=23:59  

write_mark_file_freq=500 

store_path_count=1 

store_path0=/home/data/fastdfs  

subdir_count_per_path=256 

tracker_server=192.168.123.110:22122  

log_level=info 

run_by_group=  

run_by_user=  

allow_hosts=*  

file_distribute_path_mode=0 

file_distribute_rotate_count=100 

fsync_after_written_bytes=0 

sync_log_buff_interval=10 

sync_binlog_buff_interval=10 

sync_stat_file_interval=300 

thread_stack_size=512KB 

upload_priority=10 

if_alias_prefix=  

check_file_duplicate=0  

key_namespace=FastDFS 

keep_alive=0 

http.disabled=false 

httphttp.domain_name=  

http.server_port=8888 

http.trunk_size=256KB 

http.need_find_content_type=true 

 

[root@db2 ~]# grep -v '^#' /etc/fdfs/client.conf  |grep -v '^$'  

connect_timeout=30 

network_timeout=60 

base_path=/home/data/fastdfs  

tracker_server=192.168.123.110:22122  

log_level=info 

http.tracker_server_port=8080 

 

[root@db2 ~]#  grep -v '^#' /etc/fdfs/http.conf |grep -v '^$'  

http.default_content_type = application/octet-stream  

http.mime_types_filename=mime.types  

http.anti_steal.check_token=false 

http.anti_steal.token_ttl=900 

http.anti_steal.secret_key=FastDFS1234567890 

http.anti_steal.token_check_fail=/home/data/fastdfs/conf/anti-steal.jpg 

五：启动storage，需要注意storage.conf文件最后一行为#include httpd.conf

[root@db2 ~]# mkdir -p /home/data/fastdfs  

[root@db2 ~]# echo '/usr/local/libevent-2.0.14/include/' >> /etc/ld.so.conf  

[root@db2 ~]# echo '/usr/local/libevent-2.0.14/lib/' >> /etc/ld.so.conf  

[root@db2 ~]# ldconfig  

 

[root@db2 ~]# tail -2 /etc/fdfs/storage.conf   

#use "#include" directive to include HTTP other settings  

#include http.conf  

 

[root@db2 ~]# /usr/local/FastFDS/bin/fdfs_storaged /etc/fdfs/storage.conf   

mkdir data path: 00 ...  

mkdir data path: 01 ...  

mkdir data path: 02 ...  

―――输出省略――――  

data path: /home/data/fastdfs/data, mkdir sub dir done.  

 

[root@db2 ~]# ps -ef |grep fdfs  

root     14451     1  0 16:15 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/FastFDS/bin/fdfs_storaged   

/etc/fdfs/storage.conf  

root     14468  8238  0 16:16 pts/1    00:00:00 grep fdfs  

 

[root@db2 ~]# netstat -ntpl |grep fdfs  

tcp        0      0 192.168.123.20:8888         0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN        

14451/fdfs_storaged   

tcp        0      0 192.168.123.20:23000        0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN        

14451/fdfs_storaged  

五：测试文件上传

 [root@db2 ~]# /usr/local/FastFDS/bin/fdfs_test /etc/fdfs/client.conf upload /etc/passwd

This is FastDFS client test program v3.02

Copyright (C) 2008, Happy Fish / YuQing

FastDFS may be copied only under the terms of the GNU General

Public License V3, which may be found in the FastDFS source kit.

Please visit the FastDFS Home Page http://www.csource.org/ 

for more detail.

[2012-07-30 16:25:59] INFO - base_path=/home/data/fastdfs, connect_timeout=30,

network_timeout=60, tracker_server_count=1, anti_steal_token=0, anti_steal_secret_key length=0 tracker_query_storage_store_list_without_group: 

server 1. group_name=group1, ip_addr=192.168.123.20, port=23000 group_name=group1, ip_addr=192.168.123.20, port=23000

storage_upload_by_filename

group_name=group1, remote_filename=M00/00/00/wKh7FFAWRRfcMOGtAAAHKBGhZhE8065783

source ip address: 192.168.123.20

file timestamp=2012-07-30 16:25:59

file size=1832

file crc32=295790097

file url: http://192.168.123.110:8080/group1/M00/00/00/wKh7FFAWRRfcMOGtAAAHKBGhZhE8065783

storage_upload_slave_by_filename

group_name=group1, remote_filename=M00/00/00/wKh7FFAWRRfcMOGtAAAHKBGhZhE8065783_big

source ip address: 192.168.123.20

file timestamp=2012-07-30 16:25:59

file size=1832

file crc32=295790097

file url: http://192.168.123.110:8080/group1/M00/00/00/wKh7FFAWRRfcMOGtAAAHKBGhZhE8065783_big

[root@db2 ~]# /usr/local/FastFDS/bin/fdfs_test /etc/fdfs/client.conf upload 2.jpg 

This is FastDFS client test program v3.02

Copyright (C) 2008, Happy Fish / YuQing

FastDFS may be copied only under the terms of the GNU General

Public License V3, which may be found in the FastDFS source kit.

Please visit the FastDFS Home Page http://www.csource.org/ 

for more detail.

[2012-07-30 16:29:22] INFO - base_path=/home/data/fastdfs, connect_timeout=30, network_timeout=60, tracker_server_count=1, anti_steal_token=0, anti_steal_secret_key length=0 tracker_query_storage_store_list_without_group: 

server 1. group_name=group1, ip_addr=192.168.123.20, port=23000 group_name=group1, ip_addr=192.168.123.20, port=23000

storage_upload_by_filename

group_name=group1, remote_filename=M00/00/00/wKh7FFAWReLzPs4sAAEYquSDGwc472.jpg

source ip address: 192.168.123.20

file timestamp=2012-07-30 16:29:22

file size=71850

file crc32=3833797383

file url: http://192.168.123.110:8080/group1/M00/00/00/wKh7FFAWReLzPs4sAAEYquSDGwc472.jpg

storage_upload_slave_by_filename

group_name=group1, remote_filename=M00/00/00/wKh7FFAWReLzPs4sAAEYquSDGwc472_big.jpg

source ip address: 192.168.123.20

file timestamp=2012-07-30 16:29:22

file size=71850

file crc32=3833797383

file url: http://192.168.123.110:8080/group1/M00/00/00/wKh7FFAWReLzPs4sAAEYquSDGwc472_big.jpg