RedHat Enterprise版本搭建本地Yum库

RedHat  Enterprise版本目前广泛的应用在各种生产环境中。由于没有购买正式的授权，导致无法正常使用yum安装，或者由于网络限制也导致无法使用Yum安装。而手动安装rpm包又会引来很多依赖关系的问题。故有时我们需要创建本地yum库。本文介绍创建本地yum库的方法。
测试环境： RedHat Enterprise 6.4和RedHat Enterprise 6.5

步骤如下：
（1）将系统安装光盘挂载到系统中 mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
（2）cd /mnt/Packages
（3） rpm -ivh deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64.rpm
（4）rpm -ivh  python-deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64.rpm
（5） rpm -ivh createrepo-0.9.9-17.el6.noarch.rpm
（6） mkdir -p /var/yumlocal
 （7）cp -R /mnt/Packages /var/yumlocal
（8）cd /mnt/Packages
（9）执行createrepo -g /mnt/repodata/cda5429be6f36ce1348e8f897f4fc96aa00d5727c75e9e5a0b5dc40d22a51116-comps-rhel6-Server.xml /var/yumlocal
注意如果没有cda5429be6f36ce1348e8f897f4fc96aa00d5727c75e9e5a0b5dc40d22a51116-comps-rhel6-Server.xml，请ls /mnt/repdata查看.xml结尾的文件，将此文件名替换到上面命令中。
出现以下内容代表成功：
Spawningworker 0 with 3720 pkgs
Workers Finished
Gathering worker results
Saving Primary metadata
Saving file lists metadata
Saving other metadata
Generating sqlite DBs
Sqlite DBs complete 
（10）cd /etc/yum.repos.d
（11）cp rhel-source.repo rhel-source.repo.bak
（12） vim rhel-source.repo 编辑如下，然后保存退出。
 [myyum]
name=RedHatMyLocalyum
baseurl=file:///var/yumlocal/Packages/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
（13）测试本地Yum是否已经可用，执行yumgrouplist
出现以下内容代表成功
 Loadedplugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered toRed HatSubscription Management. You can usesubscription-manager to register.
Setting up Group Process
myyum | 3.8 kB 00:00 ...
myyum/primary_db | 3.1 MB 00:00 ...
myyum/group_gz | 204 kB 00:00 ...
Installed Groups:
Additional Development
Base
Debugging Tools
Desktop
Desktop Debugging and Performance Tools
Desktop Platform
Dial-up Networking Support
Directory Client
Network file system client
Assamese Support [as]
Available Language Groups:
Afrikaans Support [af]
Albanian Support [sq]
Amazigh Support [ber]
Azerbaijani Support [az]
Ukrainian Support [uk]
Upper Sorbian Support [hsb]
Uzbek Support [uz]
Vietnamese Support [vi]
Walloon Support [wa]
Welsh Support [cy]
Xhosa Support [xh]
Zulu Support [zu]
Done

最后 unmount /mnt