Mysql多实例多进程方案实践说明

环境说明
 服务器：R310 
 raid:h700 level: raid 10
 磁盘：2T
 ip: 192.168.11.174
 system:debian6_x64
 mysql: 5.5.29
 mysql安装方式为编译安装，请参照《Debian 6.0(squeeze) 下编译安装 MySQL 5.5》 或者 运行 lnmp.sh
 编译安装之后，
 mysql主目录：/usr/local/mysql目录
 数据目录：/usr/local/data/mysql/
 配置文件：/etc/my.cnf 
 启动脚本：/etc/init.d/mysqld
 
 注意：确认mysql没启动，如果启动了需要停止mysql
 检查/usr/local/data/mysql是否有这三个文件ib_logfile0 ib_logfile1 ibdata1
 如果有，请进入/usr/local/data/mysql目录，在删除以下两个文件
 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5.0M Aug 15 07:29 ib_logfile0
 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5.0M Aug 15 07:26 ib_logfile1
 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  18M Aug 15 07:29 ibdata1
 
 /usr/local/data/mysql# rm ib_logfile0 ib_logfile1 ibdata1
 
 删除之后，暂时不启动mysql
多实例多进程流程
 1、先生成实例mysql2 mysql3
  sh /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/data/mysql2 --user=mysql
  sh /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/data/mysql3 --user=mysql
  chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/data/mysql2
  chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/data/mysql3
  
 2、修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件
  备份
  cp /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
  
  修改如下
  vim /etc/my.cnf
  
  [mysqld_multi]
  mysqld     = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
  mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
  #user       = mysqladmin
  #password   = sydbg
  log = /usr/local/data/mysql/multi.log
  [mysqld1]
  port            = 3306
  socket          = /tmp/mysql.sock
  skip-external-locking
  pid-file = /usr/local/data/mysql/mysqld1.pid
  datadir = /usr/local/data/mysql 
  log-error=/usr/local/data/mysql/mysql1.err 
  key_buffer              = 384M
  max_allowed_packet      = 16M
  thread_stack            = 256K
  thread_cache_size       = 32
  sort_buffer_size = 2M
  join_buffer_size = 2M
  read_buffer_size = 2M
  read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
  tmp_table_size = 64M
  max_heap_table_size = 4G
  myisam-recover         = BACKUP
  max_connections        = 500
  query_cache_limit       = 1M
  query_cache_size        = 32M
  #log-bin=mysql-bin
  expire_logs_days        = 10
  max_binlog_size         = 100M
  # binary logging format - mixed recommended
  binlog_format=mixed
  #log-bin=mysql-bin
  expire_logs_days        = 10
  max_binlog_size         = 100M
  # binary logging format - mixed recommended
  binlog_format=mixed
  innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
  innodb_autoextend_increment = 8M
  innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G
  innodb_checksums = 1
  innodb_commit_concurrency = 0
  innodb_concurrency_tickets = 500
  innodb_doublewrite = 1
  innodb_fast_shutdown = 1
  innodb_file_io_threads = 4
  innodb_file_per_table = 1
  innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
  innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
  innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 30
  innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog = 0
  innodb_log_buffer_size = 3M
  innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 80
  innodb_open_files = 3000
  innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:50M:autoextend
  innodb_log_file_size = 800M
  innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
  user       = mysql
  [mysqld2]
  port            = 3307
  socket          = /tmp/mysql.sock2
  skip-external-locking
  pid-file = /usr/local/data/mysql2/mysqld2.pid
  datadir = /usr/local/data/mysql2
  log-error=/usr/local/data/mysql2/mysql2.err
  key_buffer              = 384M
  max_allowed_packet      = 16M
  thread_stack            = 256K
  thread_cache_size       = 32
  sort_buffer_size = 2M
  join_buffer_size = 2M
  read_buffer_size = 2M
  read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
  tmp_table_size = 64M
  max_heap_table_size = 4G
  myisam-recover         = BACKUP
  max_connections        = 500
  query_cache_limit       = 1M
  query_cache_size        = 32M
  #log-bin=mysql-bin
  expire_logs_days        = 10
  max_binlog_size         = 100M
  # binary logging format - mixed recommended
  binlog_format=mixed
  #log-bin=mysql-bin
  expire_logs_days        = 10
  max_binlog_size         = 100M
  # binary logging format - mixed recommended
  binlog_format=mixed
  innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
  innodb_autoextend_increment = 8M
  innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G
  innodb_checksums = 1
  innodb_commit_concurrency = 0
  innodb_concurrency_tickets = 500
  innodb_doublewrite = 1
  innodb_fast_shutdown = 1
  innodb_file_io_threads = 4
  innodb_file_per_table = 1
  innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
  innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
  innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 30
  innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog = 0
  innodb_log_buffer_size = 3M
  innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 80
  innodb_open_files = 3000
  innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:50M:autoextend
  innodb_log_file_size = 800M
  innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
  user       = mysql
  [mysqld3]
  port            = 3308
  socket          = /tmp/mysql.sock3
  skip-external-locking
  pid-file = /usr/local/data/mysql3/mysqld3.pid
  datadir = /usr/local/data/mysql3
  log-error=/usr/local/data/mysql3/mysql3.err
  key_buffer              = 384M
  max_allowed_packet      = 16M
  thread_stack            = 256K
  thread_cache_size       = 32
  sort_buffer_size = 2M
  join_buffer_size = 2M
  read_buffer_size = 2M
  read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
  tmp_table_size = 64M
  max_heap_table_size = 4G
  myisam-recover         = BACKUP
  max_connections        = 500
  query_cache_limit       = 1M
  query_cache_size        = 32M
  #log-bin=mysql-bin
  expire_logs_days        = 10
  max_binlog_size         = 100M
  # binary logging format - mixed recommended
  binlog_format=mixed
  #log-bin=mysql-bin
  expire_logs_days        = 10
  max_binlog_size         = 100M
  # binary logging format - mixed recommended
  binlog_format=mixed
  innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
  innodb_autoextend_increment = 8M
  innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G
  innodb_checksums = 1
  innodb_commit_concurrency = 0
  innodb_concurrency_tickets = 500
  innodb_doublewrite = 1
  innodb_fast_shutdown = 1
  innodb_file_io_threads = 4
  innodb_file_per_table = 1
  innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
  innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
  innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 30
  innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog = 0
  innodb_log_buffer_size = 3M
  innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 80
  innodb_open_files = 3000
  innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:50M:autoextend
  innodb_log_file_size = 800M
  innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
  user       = mysql
  [mysqldump]
  quick
  max_allowed_packet = 16M
  [mysql]
  no-auto-rehash
  # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
  #safe-updates
  [myisamchk]
  key_buffer_size = 20M
  sort_buffer_size = 20M
  read_buffer = 2M
  write_buffer = 2M
  #
  # * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file!
  #   The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored.
  #!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
  
 3、启动mysql mysql2 mysql3
 
  将多实例脚本拷贝至/etc/init.d/
  cp  /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi
  
  开启
   /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi start 1-3
   
   查看端口是否监听
   root@demohost:/etc# netstat -ano | egrep "3307|3308|3306"
   tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3307            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      off (0.00/0/0)
   tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3308            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      off (0.00/0/0)
   tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      off (0.00/0/0)
   
   进入数据库,检查是否正常
   mysql -uroot -p -P3306 -h127.0.0.1
   mysql -uroot -p -P3307 -h127.0.0.1
   mysql -uroot -p -P3308 -h127.0.0.1
  
  
  停止，有两个方案
  
  方案一
   说明：需要在配置文件里面加入一个账户，密码为明文，非常不安全，不推荐
   
   进入数据库,检查是否正常
   mysql -uroot -p -P3306 -h127.0.0.1
   mysql -uroot -p -P3307 -h127.0.0.1
   mysql -uroot -p -P3308 -h127.0.0.1
   
   查看权限表
   mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;                           
   +------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
   | user       | host      | password                                  |
   +------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
   | root       | localhost |                                           |
   | root       | demohost  |                                           |
   | root       | 127.0.0.1 |                                           |
   | root       | ::1       |                                           |
   |            | localhost |                                           |
   |            | demohost  |                                           |
   | mysqladmin | 127.0.0.1 | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
   +------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
   
   删除匿名账号
   drop user ''@'demohost';
   drop user ''@'localhost';
   drop user 'mysqladmin'@'127.0.0.1';
   
   查看匿名账号是否正常
   mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;     
   +------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
   | user       | host      | password                                  |
   +------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
   | root       | localhost |                                           |
   | root       | demohost  |                                           |
   | root       | 127.0.0.1 |                                           |
   | root       | ::1       |                                           |
   | mysqladmin | 127.0.0.1 | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
   +------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
   
   在三个实例上，都加入拥有停止服务的账号权限，如：
   GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'mysqladmin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
   
   修改/etc/my.cnf配置
   将
   [mysqld_multi]
   mysqld     = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
   mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
   #user       = mysqladmin
   #password   = sydbg
   log = /usr/local/data/mysql/multi.log
   改为
   [mysqld_multi]
   mysqld     = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
   mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
   user       = mysqladmin
   password   = sydbg
   log = /usr/local/data/mysql/multi.log
   
   停止mysql服务
   mysqladmin shutdown -uroot -p -P3306 -h127.0.0.1
   mysqladmin shutdown -uroot -p -P3307 -h127.0.0.1
   mysqladmin shutdown -uroot -p -P3308 -h127.0.0.1
   
   查看端口是否还被监听
   netstat -ano | egrep "3307|3308|3306"
   
   启动服务，让mysql重新加载配置
   /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi start 1-3
   
   之后就可以使用如下命令控制进程
   /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi stop 1-3
  
  方案二
   停止mysql服务
   mysqladmin shutdown -uroot -p -P3306 -h127.0.0.1
   mysqladmin shutdown -uroot -p -P3307 -h127.0.0.1
   mysqladmin shutdown -uroot -p -P3308 -h127.0.0.1